Feedback method of the noise suppression in wave-mixing amplifiers based on non-linear materials with photorefractive response in a reflection grating configuration

In the photorefractive wave-mixing system, fluctuation in the signal beam intensity of the photorefractive output with a reflection grating has been analyzed by employing pump feedback method. In this method, fluctuations of the photorefractive wave-mixing process not only induce the intensity fluctuation of the mixing waves but also induce phase fluctuation of the mixing waves. Thus, the phase of the pump and signal beams at the output surface fluctuates in time around a mean value. Using such a positive feedback method of a pump beams, the relative fluctuation in the photorefractive output signal beam intensity with respect to its mean intensity can be minimized significantly without reducing its mean intensity. The factors that control the fluctuation in the signal beam intensity, such as the phase fluctuation of the output pump beam, absorption strength of the material and the feedback reflectivity of the cavity mirrors, on the relative fluctuation of the output signal intensity in the photorefractive wave-mixing systems have been studied in detail. It has been found that the fluctuation of the output signal intensity relative to its mean intensity in the photorefractive wave-mixing system can be suppressed to larger extent by taking lower value of feedback reflectivity of the cavity mirrors which could exist at a higher value of absorption strength of the photorefractive materials.     

光纤中光控光延迟新技术

光纤中光控光延迟技术因其灵活、易操作、可有效地推动现代光通信系统的发展等优点,近年来引起人们极大的关注。本文回顾了光纤中光控光延迟技术的研究进展,介绍了光控制光速的基本原理,着重阐述了在光纤中利用受激布里渊散射、受激拉曼散射、光学参量放大、波长转换、孤子碰撞、掺铒光纤中的相干布居数振荡等非线性效应实现光控光延迟的新方法的物理机制和最新进展,分析了各种方法的优缺点。最后讨论了在光纤中实现光控光延迟技术的研究意义和发展前景。     

四频差动激光陀螺小抖动稳频工作模式判别技术研究

为避免传统光强差稳频方式的缺陷,提出了四频差动激光陀螺小抖动稳频方法。从四频陀螺工作原理出发,分析了小抖动稳频的可行性,其中工作模式判别问题是技术难点。提出三种解决方法：改变左右旋模频率间隔、光强差稳频方式的扫模电路结合、根据陀螺零漂数据来判别,为进一步研究提供了参考。     

利用受激布里渊散射在光纤中实现慢光延迟线的研究进展

综述了近几年来利用受激布里渊散射(SBS)实现慢光延迟线的研究,着重介绍了SBS慢光延迟线在获得长的延迟时间、宽的带宽和控制畸变方面所取得的新的研究成果,指出了SBS慢光延迟线研究中存在的问题及发展方向.     

基于光纤中四波混频效应的多信道波长转换性能的数值分析

高效多信道波长转换技术对于将来灵活的全光网络应用具有重要的意义。在本文中我们从数值上分析了幅度调制信号,相位调制信号,以及混合幅度调制信号和相位调制信号的多信道波长转换技术。本文同时也讨论了受激布里渊散射效应及其对于基于四波混频效应的高效波长转换技术的影响。分析结果表明差分相位调制信号（DPSK）更加适合基于四波混频效应的多信道波长转换技术,因为多信道OOK波长转换的信号将会受到无法避免的码型相关损耗效应的影响。在将来的应用中,当调制格式由传统的OOK格式部分升级为DPSK格式的时候,在多信道波长转换情况下的OOK信号对于升级的DPSK信号的影响必须要仔细考虑,并且这种影响随着OOK信道数目的增加变得更加严重。因此我们可以得出如下结论,DPSK信号更加适合于传输和多信道波长转换的需要,尤其是在长距离传输和高比特速率的系统中。     

Nanoporous Copper with Tunable Nanoporosity for SERS Applications

Nanostructured materials with designable microstructure and controllable physical and chemical properties are highly desired for practical applications in nanotechnology. In this article, it is reported that nanoporous copper with a tunable nanopore size can be fabricated by controlling the dealloying process. The influence of acid concentration and etching potential on the formation of nanoprosity is systematically investigated. With optimal etching conditions, the nanopore sizes can be tailored from ～15 to ～120 nm by controlling the dealloying time. It is found that the tunable nanoporosity leads to significant improvements in surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) of nanoporous copper and peak values of SERS enhancements for both rhodamine 6G and crystal violet 10B molecules are observed at a pore size of ～30–50 nm. This study underscores the effect of complex three‐dimensional nanostructures on physical and chemical properties and is helpful in developing inexpensive SERS substrates for sensitive instrumentations in molecular diagnostics.     

Fabrication of a Macroporous Microwell Array for Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering

Here, a colloidal templating procedure for generating high‐density arrays of gold macroporous microwells, which act as discrete sites for surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), is reported. Development of such a novel array with discrete macroporous sites requires multiple fabrication steps. First, selective wet‐chemical etching of the distal face of a coherent optical fiber bundle produces a microwell array. The microwells are then selectively filled with a macroporous structure by electroless template synthesis using self‐assembled nanospheres. The fabricated arrays are structured at both the micrometer and nanometer scale on etched imaging bundles. Confocal Raman microscopy is used to detect a benzenethiol monolayer adsorbed on the macroporous gold and to map the spatial distribution of the SERS signal. The Raman enhancement factor of the modified wells is investigated and an average enhancement factor of 4 × 10⁴ is measured. This demonstrates that such nanostructured wells can enhance the local electromagnetic field and lead to a platform of ordered SERS‐active micrometer‐sized spots defined by the initial shape of the etched optical fibers. Since the fabrication steps keep the initial architecture of the optical fiber bundle, such ordered SERS‐active platforms fabricated onto an imaging waveguide open new applications in remote SERS imaging, plasmonic devices, and integrated electro‐optical sensor arrays.     

掺杂GaN的湿法刻蚀研究

对掺杂GaN的湿法刻蚀研究进行了总结,回顾了不同的湿法刻蚀技术,包括传统的酸碱化学刻蚀和电化学刻蚀。从掺杂GaN的生长过程、表面化学组分和光电性质出发,深入地分析了湿法刻蚀的特性,对比了不同刻蚀方法的原理和效果。考虑到p-GaN的表面氧化层比较厚,接触电阻较大,能带向下弯曲不能进行光增强湿法刻蚀,重点阐述了p-GaN的传统湿法刻蚀和n-GaN的紫外光增强湿法刻蚀技术。与传统化学刻蚀相比,光增强湿法刻蚀具有更为广阔的前景。结合GaN基半导体器件的制作,对湿法刻蚀的主要应用进行了较为详细的归纳。目前,湿法刻蚀和干法刻蚀可以有效结合。将来湿法刻蚀有希望代替干法刻蚀。     

基于表面增强拉曼光谱检测技术的肺癌早期诊断研究

表面增强拉曼光谱技术是近年来快速发展的一种痕量特征标记性物质检测技术,以提高检测灵敏度为目的的表面增强拉曼光谱技术非常适合于生命科学研究。本文利用表面增强拉曼光谱技术对肺癌患者及正常人的唾液样本进行检测,并进行光谱分析,建立了肺癌患者唾液样本的实验模型,对该模型系统分析可为肺癌诊断提供辅助依据。统计学分析效果良好,并发现了分类比较明确的特异性波段1015cm-1～1070cm-1和1250cm-1～1280cm-1。在找出的12个特征峰的基础上应用K-均值方法验证了其判别准确性,结果提示提取的12个特征峰有一定的代表性,能够代表近2000个波数的拉曼光谱图,灵敏度较特异度高,说明该方法适合预防性筛查工作。     

肿节风的表面增强拉曼光谱检测

提出一种基于表面增强拉曼光谱的中药材肿节风饮片的检测方法。采用柠檬酸三钠还原硝酸银制备银溶胶,以银胶纳米粒子为增强基底测得肿节风茎切片的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)。发现银胶直接作用于药材表面的SERS信号明显增强,肿节风茎切片SERS光谱中在637,1 176,1 309,1 476,1 612 cm^-1处都可观察到明显的拉曼特征峰。通过一阶导数拉曼光谱分析技术和对照品异嗪皮啶谱峰指认,可将获得的SERS峰位分别归属于吡喃酮环、甲氧基和酚羟基分子结构。研究结果表明,SERS技术可为肿节风和其他中草药的生产和质量监控提供一种快速、方便和直接的检测方法。