改进的人工神经网络分光光度法同时测定锆和钛

在锆(钛)-对氯苯基荧光酮-CTMAB显色体系中,应用改进的人工神经网络解析锆和钛的吸收光谱,不经分离分光光度法同时测定锆和钛。在经典的BP算法的基础上改进了传递函数,引用双冲量因子,并对学习速率、动量因子采用自适应调整法,确定了网络的最佳参数。此方法避免了网络陷入过饱和,提高了网络的收敛速度和预测精度,优于经典的BP算法。用于钢样中锆和钛的测定,结果满意。     

Sequential injection system with higher dimensional electrochemical sensor signals Part 2. Potentiometric e-tongue for the determination of alkaline ions

An intelligent, automatic system based on an array of non-specific-response chemical sensors was developed. As a great amount of information is required for its correct modelling, we propose a system generating it itself. The sequential injection analysis (SIA) technique was chosen as it enables the processes of training, calibration, validation and operation to be automated simply. Detection was carried out using an array of potentiometric sensors based on PVC membranes of different selectivity. The diluted standard solutions needed for system learning and response modelling are automatically prepared from more concentrated standards. The electrodes used were characterised with respect to one and two analytes, by means of high-dimensionality calibrations, and the response surface of each was represented; this characterisation enabled an interference study of great practical utility. The combined response was modelled by means of artificial neural networks (ANNs), and thus it was possible to obtain an automated electronic tongue based on SIA. In order to identify the ANN which provided the best model of the electrode responses, some of the network's parameters were optimised and its usefulness in determining NH₄⁺, K⁺ and Na⁺ ions in synthetic samples was then tested. Finally, it was used to determine these ions in commercial fertilisers, the obtained results being compared with reference methods.     

同时测定粮谷中痕量锰铁铜锌的人工神经网络辅助分光光度法

在pH 9.5时,Mn(Ⅱ )、 Fe(Ⅲ )、 Cu(Ⅱ )和 Zn(Ⅱ )均与 2-(5-溴-2-吡啶偶氮 )-5-二乙氨基苯酚和非离子表面活性剂聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚发生高灵敏的显色反应,生成稳定的三元胶束络合物 ,其λ max分别为 566、 560、 562和 559 nm,表明吸收光谱严重重叠 ; 在相应λ max处,其表观摩尔吸光系数分别为 1.13× 105、 7.32× 104、 1.02× 105和 1.04× 105 L· mol－ 1· cm－ 1。用模拟退火－误差反向传播人工神经网络辅助分光光度法,不经分离,同时测定了模拟样和粮谷样中的痕量锰、铁、铜和锌。详细研究了该算法的最佳计算条件。虽然体系的加和性较差,但由于该算法的优良性能,仍然取得了满意结果。     

Microdroplet size prediction in microfluidic systems via artificial neural network modeling for water-in-oil emulsion formulation

In this paper, an experimental study and modeling by artificial neural networks were carried out to predict the generated microdroplet dimensionless size in a microfluidic system in order to formulate a water-in-oil emulsion. The various parameters that affect the size of microdroplets (flow rates, viscosities, surface tensions of both the two phases and the diameter of the microchannel) are studied and further grouped into dimensionless numbers; we used these numbers as input to the neural network and the dimensionless length as output. The better neural network architecture has 10 neurons in the hidden layer with a mean square error of 1.4 10^?6 and a determination’s coefficient near 1 value. The relative importance of inputs on the size of the microdroplets has been determined using the Garson algorithm and the results are in good agreement with other works.     

Applications of rule-induction in the derivation of quantitative structure-activity relationships

Summary Recently, methods have been developed in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI), specifically in the expert systems area using rule-induction, designed to extract rules from data. We have applied these methods to the analysis of molecular series with the objective of generating rules which are predictive and reliable.The input to rule-induction consists of a number of examples with known outcomes (a training set) and the output is a tree-structured series of rules. Unlike most other analysis methods, the results of the analysis are in the form of simple statements which can be easily interpreted. These are readily applied to new data giving both a classification and a probability of correctness.Rule-induction has been applied to in-house generated and published QSAR datasets and the methodology, application and results of these analyses are discussed.The results imply that in some cases it would be advantageous to use rule-induction as a complementary technique in addition to conventional statistical and pattern-recognition methods.     

基于虚拟植物生长模型的分布式农业专家系统研究

针对传统农业专家系统存在着缺少动态预测功能及机理性解释的不足和利用率低的缺点,设计了一种虚拟植物生长模型﹑农业专家系统和分布式虚拟现实技术的集成框架。虚拟植物生长模型和农业专家系统的有机集成,可以帮助推理机获得推理决策所必需的数据和降低系统决策的风险性。此外,利用多用户分布式虚拟环境使得基于虚拟植物农业专家系统为用户提供内容更丰富、视觉更直观、方便快捷的服务。     

On the behaviour of artificial head transfer system applied to acoustic evaluation researches for halls

The author has made tests for an artificial head transfer system whichis modelled on a Chinese male on its main physical behaviour such as frequencyresponses,frequency response differences between the front and the rear inci-dences,as will as on its important hearing behaviour such as localization,theperception of distance and room dimensions.The results verify that this kind ofartificial head transfer system can be used as one of effective tools of acousticevaluation researches for halls.     

科技振兴RFID产业:加强自主技术创新

本文列举了中国的RFID技术在物流、邮政、交通、证件等应用方面取得的众多科枝成果,叙说了中国政府对RFID的强大助推政策,指出在加强自主如识创新的同时加强专利技术申请以及保护专利成果的重要性。