Arrays on disc for screening and quantification of pollutants

A rapid compact disc based methodology for screening and quantification of organic pollutants in mandarin juices is presented. The assay is established on the coating conjugate indirect competitive principle and developed under disc-array configuration. The detection is based on the acquisition of attenuated reflective signals that were proportional to optical density of the immunoreaction product. The competitive assay is applied to quantify simultaneously, in a selective manner, non-systemic insecticides in mandarin juices. The detection limits were 0.2 and 0.1 μg L⁻¹ and the sensitivity 2.1 and 1.5 μg L⁻¹, for chlorpyrifos and fenthion, respectively. Pollutants were directly quantified after sample dilution in a total time of 40 min. Also, the implementation of positive and negative controls into the array configuration served as an automatic quality control test. The effect of thermal treatment on pesticide dissipation was studied and found that it was insignificant under the studied conditions. Recovery intervals ranged from 96–105% to 94–103%, for chlorpyrifos and fenthion, respectively and were similar to those obtained with gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. In the current configuration, 64 samples can be simultaneously analyzed on a disc at a very competitive value, demonstrating its potential for high-throughput multiplexed screening applications for controlled monitoring programs in low-level labs or outside the lab setting.     

Construction of various nanostructures on carbon nanotube films

Construction of nanostructures on surfaces has appealed intensive attention due to its significant applications in diverse fields. Especially, engineering surface properties via surficial nanostructures is actually the creation of functional interface-based materials and slated to be the key aspect for the future of materials science. Although many efforts have been made, there are only a few reports about the construction of nanostructures on carbon nanotube film surfaces. The big challenge for constructing on carbon films is that these carbon assemblies are easy to be dispersed by immersion in a chemical solution. Here, in this paper, we have shown for the first time the fabrication of different kinds of nanostructures, i.e. nanoneedles, nanoparticles, nanospirals, on carbon nanotube films by using facile and cheap electrodeposition method and precise physical deposition method. We pretreat the films by an electrical method to strengthen the films to avoid dispersion during the electrodeposition process. These composite films are still very flexible after coating with nanostructures. Compared with those precise physical deposition methods, the facile electrodeposition method is more suitable for constructing nanostructures on carbon nanotube films, due to the low requirement for planeness of films. It is interesting to find that these nanostructures can endow superhydrophobicity or higher conductivity for these flexible composite films, which greatly broaden the potential applications for carbon nanotube films in the fields of battery, moisture self-cleaning, electrostatic energy harvesting, and enhancing condensation heat transfer for more efficiency of energy utilization, environmental, and thermal management.     

B值随机元阵列加权和的Lr收敛性

设B是实可分的Banach空间,{Xni,Fni,un≤i≤vn,n≥1}是B值适应随机元阵列,{αni,un≤i≤vn,n≥1}是实数阵列,当0＜r＜1或1≤r≤p且B是p可光滑时,研究了∑vni=un aniXni的Lr收敛性,所得的结果推广并改进了许多已知的结果.     

随机变量阵列加权和最大值的收敛性

本文研究了形如maxun≤j≤un｜∑ji=un aniXni｜的弱大数律和Lr收敛性,其中0＜r≤p,0＜p≤2,{ani,un≤i≤vn,n≥1}是实数阵列,{Xni,un≤i≤vn,n≥1}当0＜p＜1时是任意随机变量阵列,当1≤p≤2时是均值为零的行为NA的随机变量阵列.所得结果丰富和推广了许多已知的结果.     

Hydrodynamic interactions of water waves with a group of independently oscillating truncated circular cylinders

In this study, we examine the water wave radiation by arrays of truncated circular cylinders. Each cylinder can oscillate independently in any rigid oscillation mode with a prescribed amplitude, including translational and rotational modes such as surge, sway, heave, pitch, roll, and their com-binations. Based on the eigenfunction expansion and Graf ’s addition theorem for Bessel functions, we developed an ana-lytical method that includes the effects of evanescent modes in order to analyze such arrays of cylinders. To investi-gate the effects of several influential factors on convergence, our objective is to dramatically reduce the number of tests required and determine the influencing relationships between truncation number and convergence behavior for different factor combinations. We use the orthogonal test method to fulfill the objective. Lastly, we present our results regarding the effects of evanescent modes on hydrodynamic coeffi-cients.     

山莓状Au-树脂微球的制备及SERS性能

采用抗坏血酸在室温下液相还原AuCl₄^--阴离子交换树脂微球, 同时实现Au微柱的形成及在树脂表面的阵列型组装, 低成本高通量地得到山莓状Au-树脂微球; 以苯硫酚为探针考察了山莓状Au-树脂微球用作表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)活性基底的性能, 结果表明, Au-树脂微球具有良好的Raman增强效应(增强因子EF达到10⁸～10⁹量级), 且有很高的重现性和稳定性, Raman信号强度和EF的相对标准偏差(RSD)为(35±5)%.     

An investigation of 6th graders’ solutions of Cartesian product problems and representation of these problems using arrays

Two hour-long interviews were conducted with each of 14 sixth-grade students. The purpose of the interviews was to investigate how students solved combinatorics problems, and represented their solutions as arrays. This paper reports on 11 of these students who represented a balanced mix of students operating with two of three multiplicative concepts that have been identified in prior research (Hackenberg, 2007, 2010; Hackenberg & Tillema, 2009). One finding of the study was that students operating with different multiplicative concepts established and structured pairs differently. A second finding is that these different ways of operating had implications for how students produced and used arrays. Overall, the findings contribute to models of students’ reasoning that outline the psychological operations that students use to constitute product of measures problems (Vergnaud, 1983). Product of measures problems are a kind of multiplicative problem that has unique mathematical properties, but researchers have not yet identified specific psychological operations that students use when solving these problems that differ from their solution of other kinds of multiplicative problems (cf. Battista, 2007).     

Flexible and Robust 2D Arrays of Silver Nanowires Encapsulated within Freestanding Layer‐by‐Layer Films

Freestanding layer‐by‐layer (LbL) films encapsulating controlled volume fractions (? = 2.5–22.5 %) of silver nanowires are fabricated. The silver nanowires are sandwiched between poly(allylamine hydrochloride)/poly(styrene sulfonate) (PAH/PSS) films resulting in nanocomposite structures with a general formula of (PAH/PSS)₁₀PAH Ag(PAH/PSS)₁₀PAH. The Young's modulus, toughness, ultimate stress, and ultimate strain are evaluated for supported and freestanding structures. Since the diameter of the nanowires (73 nm) is larger than the thickness of the LbL films (total of about 50 nm), a peculiar morphology is observed with the silver nanowires protruding from the planar LbL films. Nanowire‐containing LbL films possess the ability to sustain significant elastic deformations with the ultimate strain reaching 1.8 %. The Young's modulus increases with increasing nanowire content, reaching about 6 GPa for the highest volume fraction, due to the filler reinforcement effect commonly observed in composite materials. The ultimate strengths of these composites range from 60–80 MPa and their toughness reaches 1000 kJ m^–3 at intermediate nanowire content, which is comparable to LbL films reinforced with carbon nanotubes. These robust freestanding 2D arrays of silver nanowires with peculiar optical, mechanical, and conducting properties combined with excellent micromechanical stability could serve as active elements in microscopic acoustic, pressure, and photothermal sensors.     

红外焦平面阵列测试虚拟仪器系统

红外焦平面阵列主要性能参数的测试和评价是研制、生产和应用阵列的基础.由于焦平面阵列的像元数太多,所以测试复杂且计算繁琐.基于虚拟仪器技术构建的红外焦平面阵列测试系统,能完成焦平面阵列的特性参数定量测试和成像实验.在大幅度降低测试成本的同时,系统还具有易于扩展、升级和修改的优势,从而为红外焦平面阵列的研制提供了有效的测试与实验技术手段.     

输入阻抗相近的不等长振子阵

从线天线电流分布与输入阻抗关系的基本原理出发,结合矩量法等数值计算方法,综合出产生给定方向图的平行偶极子天线阵。阵列中各单元的长度不同,而它们的输入阻抗趋于一致。