语音通信降噪研究

语音通信系统中,语音通过信道传输将不可避免地引入码间串扰和信号畸变,同时受到噪声污染。本文在分析自适应盲均衡算法CMA(constant modulus algorithm）和改进盲均衡算法的基础上,考虑到自适应盲均衡技术在语音噪声控制方面能力有限,将自适应盲均衡技术与小波包掩蔽阈值降噪算法联合使用,形成一种基带语音增强新方法。仿真试验结果显示自适应盲均衡技术可以使星座图变得清晰而紧凑,有效减小误码率。研究证实该方法在语音信号ISI和畸变严重情况下,在白噪及有色噪声不同的噪声环境中都具有稳定的降噪能力,消噪同时可获得汉语普通话良好的听觉效果。     

Evolution of vortices in the wake of an ARJ21 airplane: Application of the lift-drag model

Wake separation is crucial to aircraft landing safety and is an important factor in airport operational efficiency. The near-ground evolution characteristics of wake vortices form the foundation of the wake separation system design. In this study, we analysed the near-ground evolution of vortices in the wake of a domestic aircraft ARJ21 initialised by the lift-drag model using large eddy simulations based on an adaptive mesh. Evolution of wake vortices formed by the main wing, flap and horizontal tail was discussed in detail. The horizontal tail vortices are the weakest and dissipate rapidly, whereas the flap vortices are the strongest and induce the tip vortex to merge with them. The horizontal tail and flap of an ARJ21 do not significantly influence the circulation evolution, height change and movement trajectory of the wake vortices. The far-field evolution of wake vortices can therefore be analysed using the conventional wake vortex model.     

基于多通道盲识别的自适应光学图像事后处理

为实时恢复天文或空间目标的湍流退化成像,提出一种适应大气湍流动态变化的多通道自适应光学图像恢复方法.以自适应光学校正后不同时刻的目标成像作为多个通道,建立求解系统点扩散函数的线性方程,根据解出的点扩散函数利用超拉普拉斯算法,求解待观测目标的估计值.结果表明:不同时刻的点扩散函数之间存在互质关系,满足多通道盲识别的理论要求.利用建立的线性方程求解出的点扩散函数与原点扩散函数的均方误差在10^-30~10^-27量级,采用超拉普拉斯算法恢复出的目标成像与原始目标之间的均方误差在10^-5~10^-4量级.本文研究为湍流退化图像的实时恢复提供了理论基础.     

一种低复杂度聚类估计MLSE均衡器

给出了一种新的聚类估计最大似然序列均衡器(CBSE),避开了传统MLSE均衡需要估计信道脉冲响应(CIR)和卷积运算,由接收信号估计聚类中心,同时利用聚类中心之间的对称性,仅需估计其中部分中心,其余中心可通过简单运算获取,从而在缩短训练序列的同时减少了运算量.仿真表明,新方法在取得与RLS均衡器相近收敛性能的同时,计算量比LMS均衡器小.     

语音频率均衡在耳鸣康复仪中的应用

以人耳等响曲线为依据,结合电声转换的原理,设计了一种语音频率均衡电路。该均衡器由多级数字电位器组成,对输出信号的幅度进行自适应调整,从而实现了各频率点声音响度的精确可控输出。临床试验表明,耳鸣康复仪中嵌入频率均衡器扩展了它的使用范围,改善了耳鸣治疗的效果。     

基于高阶累计量的大气光通信自适应信号处理

针对强湍流信道下信号衰落的特点,分析了对数正态分布模型与K分布模型的适用范围.基于K分布模型建立大气光通信接收信号模型,并给出了自适应最优门限检测方法.采用四阶和六阶累计量对强湍流信道参量进行估计,采用二阶累计量对其它高斯噪音进行估计,得到K分布参量及高斯噪音统计量的预测值,实现自适应门限更新.基于Monte Calro算法进行仿真,给出了门限更新算法对通信系统误码率的影响,同时分析了信号采样率对估计参量偏差的影响.计算表明,在强湍流情况下,大气光通信系统的误码率性能得到极大的改善,优于基于MLSD检测的接收机.     

一种红外弱小目标图像增强的新算法

针对红外弱小目标图像的特点,本文提出了一种新的增强算法。该算法首先通过设置平台阈值对背景的增强进行抑制,然后将直方图在灰度密度和灰度间距两个方向进行均衡处理。该算法简洁,实时性强,图像增强效果好。     

Optimized sub-band adaptive AEC using ear auditory feature

Acoustic echo cancellation based on sub-band filters has the characteristics of rapid con- vergence and small computational complexity. This letter analyses two different sub-band filters design methods which used in acoustic echo cancellation fields and compares them with each other. Fur- thermore, the sub-band filter construction have been optimized, which lead to the improvement of the computational efficiency. At the same time, this letter combines ear auditory feature with acoustic echo cancellation, thus improves the original algorithms by importing a new objective function creatively. At the last part, a simulation environment has been designed and a computer simulation has been carried out. The final results indicate that this method can meet the requirements of actual projects, and some improvements are demonstrated on performance and calculation quantity compared to original algo- rithms.     

A new de-noising method based on 3-band wavelet and nonparametric adaptive estimation

Wavelet de-noising has been well known as an important method of signal de-noising. Recently,most of the research efforts about wavelet de-noising focus on how to select the threshold,where Donoho method is applied widely. Compared with traditional 2-band wavelet,3-band wavelet has advantages in many aspects. According to this theory,an adaptive signal de-noising method in 3-band wavelet domain based on nonparametric adaptive estimation is proposed. The experimental results show that in 3-band wavelet domain,the proposed method represents better characteristics than Donoho method in protecting detail and improving the signal-to-noise ratio of reconstruction signal.     

MIMO OFDM系统中的Turbo子载波均衡

在MIMO OFDM系统中,为了对抗同天线干扰及由于保护间隔不足而引起的码间干扰和载波间干扰,该文给出了一种基于MMSE的Turbo子载波均衡器。在该算法中,软输入软输出(SISO)的子载波均衡器与软输入软输出(SISO)解码器通过迭代进行软信息交换。仿真结果表明,与非迭代的子载波均衡器相比,该文给出的Turbo子载波均衡器能够有效利用时间和空间分集,使系统性能得到了改善。