Determination of zolmitriptan enantiomers in rat liver microsomes by chiral high performance liquid chromatography with fl uorescence detection

A selective chiral high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated to separate and quantify the enantiomers of a new potent selective 5-HT(1B/1D) receptor partial agonist, S-zolmitriptan, and its antipode in rat liver microsomes induced with beta-naphtho flavone. S- and R-zolmitriptan were extracted from rat hepatic microsomal incubates with chloroform/isopropanol (75:25, v/v), and were separated on a narrow-bore enantioselective normal phase Chiralpak AD-H column (250 x 0.46 mm) with hexane-isopropanol-triethylamine (72/28/0.25, v/v/v) as mobile phase and fluorescence detection with emission at 350 nm and excitation at 291 nm. The calibration curves were linear for R- and S-zolmitriptan concentration over the range 0.1-5.0 microg/mL (r = 0.9996 and 0.9999), and the limits of quantitation were 0.1 microg/mL. The metabolism and interaction of the enantiomers of zolmitriptan in treated hepatic microsomes were investigated using chiral HPLC. There was significant difference between the disposition of the S- and R-zolmitriptan when racemic zolmitriptan or single enantiomers of zolmitriptan were incubated for 5, 10 and 20 min, suggesting that the metabolism of zolmitriptan in rat liver microsomes is enantioselective. In addition, there was also a significant difference between the IC(50) of R- to S-zolmitriptan and S- to R-zolmitriptan (IC(50S/R)/IC(50R/S) = 45.2). This indicated that the disposition process favored the S-form of zolmitriptan.     

On the unusual solvent retention and the effect on the gas transport in perfluorinated Hyflon AD membranes

Dense membranes of Hyflon AD 60X were prepared by the solvent evaporation method and by melt pressing. The diffusion coefficient, solubility and permeability of the membranes were measured for six permanent gases using time lag and steady state permeation measurements. The thermal properties were determined by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and the solvent content was measured gravimetrically and was estimated by the Fox equation. It was found that unusually strong solvent retention in the solution-cast membrane leads to considerable plasticization of the polymer, to possible foam formation upon drying and, most important, to significant changes in the permeation properties. The residual solvent increases the diffusion coefficient and permeability of the larger gas species up to almost one order of magnitude, and it reduces the permselectivity. For most gas species the solubility is about two times higher in the solvent-free melt-pressed film than in the solution-cast film. The relation between the residual solvent and the membrane properties is discussed.     

一种可回收配体[QN(OH)2]2PYDZ在烯烃不对称双羟化及氨羟化反应中的应用

一种可重复使用的非负载型金鸡纳生物碱衍生物配体与金属锇形成原位催化剂用于9种烯烃的不对称双羟化(AD)反应, 表现了很好的对映选择性(85%～＞99%)和反应活性(82%～91%). 将其用于催化65种烯烃不对称氨羟化(AA)反应, 也表现了好的对映选择性(6176%～＞99%)和反应活性(50%～72%). 并采用两种不同的方法进行AD和AA反应中配体的回收和重复使用. 结果表明两种方法均可有效地进行配体的再利用.     

高性能模拟前端AD7714及其应用

AD7714是一个完整的用于低频测量应用的模拟前端。其主要特点是:使用Σ-Δ转换技术,转换精度高;具有片内可编程增益放大器和低通数字滤波器;具有SPI通信接口等。通过实验,提炼出了AD7714技术说明书中没有明确的特性和技术指标,纠正了其中的错误,讨论了在应用上的技术要点、缺点,介绍了在“863”重点引导项目和安徽省“十五”重点攻关项目中的应用。     

微型短波信号发生器设计与实现

对采用DDS(直接数字频率合成)芯片和单片机设计一种精密微型短波信号发生器进行了可行性论证。简述了其基本原理,并着重于硬件角度的描述。当输入时钟信号为12.8 MHz时,输出频率上限可达30.72 MHz。设计利用现代数字化系统的优势,应用先进的DDS专用芯片AD8951与单片机配合控制,实现了频率、相位的准确输出,可靠性高。本设计适用于通信系统和高精度仪器。     

基于现场可编程门阵列的数控延时器的设计

给出一种基于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)的数控延时器的设计方法.首先详细介绍使用计数器的串联实现可控延时的方法,接着讨论不同延时范围下该数控延时器的改进方案,最后分析延时误差及延时精确度.延时器的外部接口仿照AD9501设计.     

双路8位1GSPS高速模数转换芯片AT184AD001B

T84AD001B是Atmel公司生产的最大采样率可达1Gsps的双通道并行8位高速A／D转换器，在交错模式下使用可以达到2Gsps的采样率。它具有多种模拟输入和时钟输入方式，利用这些特性可实现多功能的数据采集电路方案。介绍了该芯片的主要参数、工作原理和引脚功能，并给出了AT84AD001B与FPGA的接口框图。     

基于AMBE～2000^TM的高质量语音通信系统

介绍了AMBE-2000^TM声码器语音压缩解压芯片的工作原理及其应用；给出了语音通信系统中AMBE-2000^TM与PCM编解码器AD73311的A／D-D／A接口电路。该系统可以在低速率下保持声音自然、语音清晰，并且在选择语音速率和误码率中提供了很高的灵活性，能实现全双工、实时语音压缩解压等功能，此外还具有低成本、低功耗等优点。因此在卫星通信、数字移动通信、保密通信、语音邮件等方面都有广泛的应用。     

使用AD603和AD8318实现大动态范围IF接收机

通过对雷达接收设备中中频接收设备电路的基本原理的学习和研究,着重介绍了低噪声可变增益放大器AD603以及高精确度和温度稳定性的对数放大检波器AD8318的使用。最后以AD603,AD8318为核心放大器、检波器,详细阐述了中频接收机放大电路和检波电路以及滤波器电路的设计与实现,实现了超过100dB动态范围的IF接收机。最后通过测试提出了一些相关注意事项。     

一种简易高精度频率信号发生器的设计与实现

直接数字频率合成(DDS)技术转换时间短,相位变化连续,全数字可编程等优点突出。介绍了一种高度集成化的DDS专用芯片AD9833,并利用该芯片与单片机AT89S52结合,设计了一种简易的高精度频率信号发生器。给出了本设计的硬件结构与部分关键程序的流程框图,同时给出了该芯片在实际设计中的结果,并对结果进行了简单分析,探讨了DDS芯片与微处理器的接口方式。工作表明,DDS技术在信号源设计领域有广阔的应用前景。