利用升华物质2,4,6-三异丙基-1,3,5-三氧杂环己烷作模板剂制备聚苯胺包覆的中空硫电极材料

本文首次提出采用升华物质为模板,制备聚苯胺包覆的中空硫电极材料. 首先通过Na₂S₂O₃和稀HCl反应,在具有升华特性的ADD(2,4,6-三异丙基-1,3,5-三氧杂环己烷)微粒表面沉积一层S,然后在S的表面再沉积聚苯胺包覆层. 在经60 ^oC干燥12小时后,其中的ADD自然挥发,得到聚苯胺壳体包覆的中空硫复合物. SEM、TEM和TG分析表明,制得的聚苯胺包覆中空硫的粒径约为2 μm,硫含量为61.1%. 在500 mA·g^-1充放电电流下,首次放电比容量为776.2 mAh·g^-1,库仑效率为95.9%. 100次充放电循环后,放电比容量为524.7 mAh·g^-1. 由于聚苯胺包覆物的聚苯胺膜具有抑制聚硫锂向外的扩散作用,以及包覆物中的空间对放电时S的膨胀具有缓冲作用,聚苯胺包覆中空硫粉末的放电比容量和充放电稳定性均明显高于未包覆聚苯胺的中空硫和化学制备的硫. 这种制备导电聚合物包覆中空硫的新方法具有操作简单、成本低廉的优点,有进一步发展的前景.     

La-Ti/SnO2-Sb/RuO2-Co电极制备及其处理垃圾渗滤液研究

以纯钛为基体材料,并以热氧化的方式制备La-Ti/SnO_2-Sb/RuO_2-Co电极,采用X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及X-射线能量色散谱(EDS)对电极涂层表面形貌和晶体结构进行表征。采用制备的La-Ti/SnO_2-Sb/RuO_2-Co电极作为阳极,不锈钢为阴极,构建电化学反应器,对老龄垃圾渗滤液进行降解。结果表明在电流密度为65 mA/cm~2、Cl-浓度为4 500 mg/L、初始pH=9和反应时间为6 h的最佳反应条件下,La-Ti/SnO_2-Sb/RuO_2-Co电极对NH_3-N和COD的去除率分别达到86.5%、61%。     

Pt/Ti Electrodes of PZT Thin Films Patterning by Novel Lift-Off Using ZnO as a Sacrificial Layer

We achieve a successful novel lift-off of patterning Pt/Ti electrodes on SiO2/Si substrates by employing ZnO sacrificial layer deposition and patterning, successive uniform Pt/Ti deposition and final lift-off. Then we deposit PZT thin films on the electrodes. Compared with the conventional lift-off processes for the electrodes, this novel process does not need post-annealing, which must be performed after conventional lift-off process. It is demonstrated that the electrodes patterned by the novel lift-off process have stronger adhesion. The electrodes and the PZT films on the electrodes are more compact and smoother than those by the conventional lift-off process.     

Preparation and Characterization of BPO Film as Electrode for Using of FeRAM

Conductive perovskite BaPb03 （BPO） films as a potential electrode material of PZT capacitors used in ferroelectric random access memory are prepared by rf magnetron sputtering. An x-ray diffractometer and standard four probe method are employed to investigate the dependence of growth conditions on crystal structure and conductivity of BPO films. It is found that BPO films with perovskite phase can be obtained at substrate temperatures above 425℃, and the sample with the lowest resistivity is obtained at 450℃ under pure argon atmosphere. Using this BPO film as electrode, ferroelectric properties of BPO/PZT/BPO and Pt/PZT/BPO sandwiched structures are evaluated. Their remanent polarization and coercive field are 36.6 ℃/cm^2 （81.3 k V/cm） and 36.9℃/cm^2 （89.1 kV/cm）, respectively. The coercive field of the former structure is lower than that of the latter, but remanent polarizations are almost the same. In addition, the results imply that BPO electrode is helpful to improve the fatigue resistance of PZT. The reasons are discussed.     

氧离子传导型固体氧化物电解池燃料电极的研究进展

固体氧化物电解池可高效地电解H₂O/CO₂制备燃料,越来越受到人们的重视. 本文对近年来在燃料电极（阴极）材料方面的研究进展进行了全面综述,指出各种阴极材料的优缺点及发展趋势,强调亟待解决的关键科学与技术问题.     

低压驱动高阻值层液晶透镜

针对传统电极驱动液晶透镜的电场分布在驱动电极边缘的问题,设计了一种高阻值层驱动电极来控制液晶分子偏转的低压驱动和焦距可调的液晶透镜.利用磁控溅射工艺在含镂空孔阵列的面状铝电极基板表面沉积一层掺铝氧化锌透明薄膜,形成高阻值层驱动电极;利用液晶盒成盒工艺将制备好的驱动电极基板和公共电极基板(氧化铟锡玻璃基板)组装成液晶透镜,研究掺铝氧化锌高阻值层、驱动电压、工作频率对液晶透镜光学性能的影响.实验结果表明,对比传统电极驱动液晶透镜,高阻值层电极驱动液晶透镜在驱动电压2.2Vrms和工作频率130kHz下获得的干涉圆环均匀,聚焦光斑小.同时,在驱动电压1.8～2.8Vrms和工作频率130kHz下所制备的液晶透镜焦距可调范围为4.27～2.88mm.     

一种钴基磷酸根电化学传感器的研制

磷酸根离子是一种对作物生长非常重要的土壤速效养分,但由于盲目过量施肥,使其成为导致水体富营养化的最主要因素。研究并开发了一种低成本的钴基磷酸根离子电化学传感器。在一定条件下,采用恒电流沉积法在钴基电极上电沉积纳米钴敏感薄膜,该固态离子选择电极对磷酸根离子浓度的线性响应范围为10~(-5)～10~(-1) mol/L,线性相关系数为0.994,斜率为-50 mV/decade,检测下限为10~(-6) mol/L,电极具有较短的响应时间,在60 s内可以达到稳定状态,该电极的研究与开发对土壤速效磷和环境水质中磷酸根的检测研究具有一定的意义。