含诱导缺陷薄壁圆管耐撞性优化设计

运用移动最小二乘曲面拟合技术和遗传算法优化技术,建立一套完整的结构耐撞性优化设计技 术。设计了一个具有高效吸能能力的薄壁圆管结构含诱导缺陷薄壁圆管结构,给出了含缺陷薄壁圆管结 构耐撞性优化设计结果。结果显示,设计的薄壁圆管结构具有好的吸能效果,该结构设计简单,便于在结构设 计中使用。     

杆—杆型复合挤压过程工件杆部表面裂纹缺陷的预测

采用则塑性有限元法杆－杆型复合挤压过程进行了数值模拟,在此基础上,根据模拟计算得到的变形体内的应力、应变场的变化,采用质点跟踪技术,运动韧性断裂准则,对金属变形产生的式件杆部表面裂纹缺陷进行预测,实验结果表明,数值计算结果与实验相当吻合。此项研究对于中工艺模具提高产品质量方面具有指导性意义。     

高温断裂力学的研究进展及其应用

在石油化工、化工和电力工业中，高温下服役的构件发生断裂失效事故常有报道。失效分析表明高温构件的失效与构件中存在的裂纹状缺陷有直接的关系，而且多数由蠕变裂纹的扩展引起的失效。     

钢管混凝土纯压拱失稳临界荷载计算的等效柱法

在双重非线性有限元分析的基础上,进行了钢管混凝土纯压拱失稳临界荷载的简化计算方法——等效柱法的研究,提出了等效柱法中考虑矢跨比影响的稳定系数K₁ 以及考虑初始几何缺陷影响的折减系数K₂及其与现有规范相对应的计算公式。与有限元计算结果的对比表明,采用考虑矢跨比因素的稳定系数的等效柱法能较精确地估算钢管混凝土纯压拱的非线性失稳临界荷载,且计算精度受含钢率和钢材种类变化的影响较小。     

Propagation behavior of elastic waves in one-dimensional piezoelectric/piezomagnetic phononic crystal with line defects

Using a stiffness matrix method, we in- vestigate the propagation behaviors of elastic waves in one-dimensional （1D） piezoelectric/piezomagnetic （PE/PM） phononic crystals （PCs） with line defects by calculating energy reflection/transmittion coefficients of quasi-pressure and quasi-shear waves. Line defects are created by the re- placement of PE or PM constituent layer. The defect modes existing in the first gap are considered and the influences on defect modes of the material properties and volume fraction of the defect layers, the type of incident waves, the location of defect layer and the number of structural layers are discussed in detail. Numerical results indicate that defect modes are the most obvious when the defect layers are inserted in the middle of the perfect PCs; the types of incidence wave and material properties of the defect layers have important effects on the numbers, the location of frequencies and the peaks of defect modes, and the defect modes are strongly de- pendent on volume fraction of the defect layers. We hope this paper will be found useful for the design of PE/PM acoustic filters or acoustic transducer with PCs structures.     

M积分与夹杂/缺陷弹性模量的显式关系

M积分在材料构型力学中表征着缺陷自相似扩展的能量释放率,而有效弹性模量下降量在传统损伤力学中是一个具有内变量属性的损伤参数. 探讨了两者之间的特定关系,以此为材料构型力学与损伤力学搭建桥梁.借助穆斯海里什维利（Muskhelishvili）复势函数方法获取无限大弹性平面含圆形夹杂的弹性场解,根据M 积分的复势函数解析表达式得到M 积分与夹杂弹性模量的显式表达式. 随后通过有限元分析,对含复杂缺陷群的弹塑性材料进行数值模拟,结果表明内部缺陷区域的有效弹性模量下降与M 积分存在着特定关系. 基于此,提出利用材料构型力学中的外变量参数（M 积分）来替代损伤力学中的内变量参数（弹性模量下降量）描述材料的缺陷演化.      

Optimum design of hierarchical stiffened shells for low imperfection sensitivity

A concept of hierarchical stiffened shell is proposed in this study, aiming at reducing the imperfection sen- sitivity without adding additional weight. Hierarchical stiffened shell is composed of major stiffeners and minor stiff- eners, and the minor stiffeners are generally distributed between adjacent major stiffeners. For various types of geo- metric imperfections, e.g., eigenmode-shape imperfections, hierarchical stiffened shell shows significantly low imper- fection sensitivity compared to traditional stiffened shell. Furthermore, a surrogate-based optimization framework is proposed to search for the hierarchical optimum design. Then, two optimum designs based on two different opti- mization objectives （including the critical buckling load and the weighted sum of collapse loads of geometrically imperfect shells with small- and large-amplitude imperfections） are compared and discussed in detail. The illustrative example demonstrates the inherent superiority of hierarchical stiffened shells in resisting imperfections and the effectiveness of the proposed framework. Moreover, the decrease of imperfection sensitivity can finally be converted into a decrease of structural weight, which is particularly important in the development of large-diameter launch vehicles.     

印刷电路板焊接缺陷分析

分析了印刷电路板（PCB）在焊接过程中产生缺陷的原因，提出了解决上述缺陷的一些办法。     

TFT-LCD屏缺陷检测的研究

分析了国外目前常用几种薄膜晶体管(TFT)有源矩阵液晶显示（AM-LCD)屏的缺陷检测方法的优缺点。深入研究了TFT-LCD屏的结构、缺陷产生的原因和概率．设计了一种能全面、直观地进行TFT-LCD缺陷检测的方法，该方法不仅能检测出TFT-LCD中各种常见的新短路等硬性缺陷并确定其具体位置．而且能根据TFT-LCD屏质量要求对软性缺陷进行判定。     

EMC封装成形常见缺陷及其对策

本文主要通过对EMC封装成形的过程中,常出现的问题(缺陷)——未填充、气孔、麻点、冲丝、开裂、溢料、粘模等,进行分析与研究,并提出行之有效的解决办法与对策。