固载Ru基催化剂上二氧化碳加氢合成甲酸Ⅱ反应条件对催化剂性能的影响

The synthesis of formic acid from carbon dioxide and hydrogen using a silica immobilized ruthenium catalyst as precursor has been studied in different reaction conditions. The results revealed that the TOF （turn over frequency） of HCOOH achieved 1481.5 h^-1 on immobilized ruthenium catalyst near the critical pressure point of CO2 with H2 pressure of 4.0 MPa, reaction temperature of 80℃ and PPh3/Ru molar ratio of 6：1. The reaction activity of immobilized catalyst was higher than that of homogeneous catalyst, and the immobilized catalyst also offered the practical advantages such as easy separation and reuse.     

Studies of the Methane Steam Reforming Reaction at High Pressure in a Ceramic Membrane Reactor

The effects of temperature and pressure on the steam reforming of methane 3H2+CO) were investigated in a membrane reactor (MR) with a hydrogen permeable membrane. The studies used a novel silica-based membrane prepared by using the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique with a permeance for H2 of 6.0×l0-8 mol·m-2·s-1·Pa-1 at 923 K. The results in a packed-bed reactor (PBR) were compared to those of the membrane reactor at various temperatures (773-923 K) and pressures (1-20 atm, 101.3-2026.5 kPa) using a commercial Ni/MgAl2O4 catalyst. The conversion of methane was improved significantly in the MR by the countercurrent removal of hydrogen at all temperatures and allowed product yields higher than the equilibrium to be obtained. Pressure had a positive effect on the hydrogen yield because of the increase in driving force for the permeance of hydrogen. The yield of hydrogen increased with pressure and reached a value of 73×10-6 mol·g-1·s-1 at 2026.5 kPa and 923 K which was higher by 108% than the value of 35×10-6 mol·g-1·s-1 obtained for the equilibrium yield. The results obtained with the silica-based membrane were similar to those obtained with various other membranes as reported in the literature.     

Preparation ,Structural Characterization and Luminescent Property of Binucleasr Silver（Ⅰ）Complex Formed by Benzotriazole and 1—Hydroxymethyl Benzotriazole

Dinuclear silver (I) six‐membered ring complex [Ag₂ (bta)₂ ‐(hmbta)₂] (ClO₄)₂ (3) has been synthesized by the reaction of benzotriazole (bta) (1) and 1‐hydroxymethyl benzotriazole (hmbta) (2) with Ag (CH₃CN)₄ClO₄. The structures of compound 2 and Complex 3 have been studied by single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. The change of luminescent intensity of 1, 2 and 3 was reported. Compound 2 crystallizes in the monoclinic system with space group P2 (1)/c, a = 0.7655 (10) nm, b = 1.0126 (14) nm, c =0.9502 (13) nm, β = 95.07 (2)°, V = 0.7337 (17) nm³ and Z = 4. Complex 3 crystallizes in the triclinic system with space group P1, a = 0.73611 (18) nm, b = 0.9152 (2) nm, c = 1.2277 (3) nm, β = 87.170 (5)°, V = 0.8221 (3) nm³ and Z = 1. The main structural feature of complex 3 is a symmetric dinuclear six‐membered ring formed by two silver (I) atoms and four N‐atoms from two benzotriazoles. The second structural feature of complex 3 is the τ‐τ stacking interaction between two adjacent molecular planes, which forms the two‐dimentional layer structure. Besides, compared with 2, the luminescent intensity of complex 3 shows a remarkable enhancement.     

三维无限伸展结构稀土配合物K3{[Sm(H2O)7]2Na-[α-SiW11O39Sm(H2O)4]2}·14H2O的合成、结构及性质研究

以Sm2O3,HClO4,NaOH和α-K8SiW11O39·nH2O等为原料合成了组成为K3{[Sm(H2O)7]2Na[α-SiW11O39Sm(H2O)4]2}·14H2O的三维无限伸展结构稀土配合物,并经IR,UV光谱,ICP原子发射光谱,TG-DTA,循环伏安,变温磁化率和X射线单晶衍射等分析手段进行了表征.X射线单晶衍射测定表明,该化合物属于三斜晶系,Pi空间群,晶胞参数:a=1.2462(3),b=1.2652(3),c=1.8420(4)nm,α=87.45(3),β=79.91(3),γ=82.57(3)°,Z=1,R1=0.0778,wR2=0.1610.结构分析结果显示,sm3+(1)配离子镶嵌在[α-SiW11O39]8-的空缺位置形成[α-SiW11O39Sm(H2O)4]5-亚单元,两个[α-SiW11O39Sm(H2O)4]5-亚单元通过两个Sm(1)-O-W桥互相连接形成标题化合物的二聚体结构单元[α-SiW11O39Sm(H2O)4]210-,相邻的二聚体结构单元又通过两个Sm3+(2)配离子和一个Na+(1)离子桥连成一维链状结构,链与链之间通过K+(1)离子连接成二维网状结构,网状结构又通过K+(2)离子构筑成新奇的三维无限伸展结构.TG-DTA结果表明,标题化合物阴离子骨架分解温度为554℃.循环伏安行为测试表明,标题化合物阴离子在pH=3.1的水溶液中存在两步氧化还原过程.变温磁化率结果表明,在较高温度(110～300 K)时,标题化合物磁性遵循居里-外斯定律,在较低温度(2～110 K)时,存在较强的反铁磁交换作用.     

铝酸钠和含硅铝酸钠溶液结构和性质的研究

本文通过对铝酸钠和硅铝酸钠溶液的红外光谱、拉曼光谱、粘度、表面张力、丁达尔现象和聚沉等光谱和物理化学性质的研究测定,分析了硅在铝酸钠溶液中的行为.认为硅主要是取代Al-O-Al结构中的Al,形成Al-O-Si结构和Al-O-Si-O-Al-O结构等多种形式硅氧铝键以及由氢键相连的大分子结构.这种结构直接影响其物理化学性质,表现为随硅含量增加表面张力增加,粘度上升,具有丁达尔现象等.说明含硅铝酸钠溶液中存在大分子的胶性基团,属于无机高分子溶液,这种网络状"大分子"结构是硅铝酸钠溶液稳定的原因.     

全硅MCM-41担载的加氢脱硫催化剂的TPR研究

用TRP技术研究了以全硅MCM-41(Si-MCM-41)和HNO3交换的全硅MCM-41(H-MCM-41)为载体制备的Ni-Mo、Co-Mo和Ni-W加氢脱硫(HDS)催化剂的还原性能，并以0．8(wt)％二苯并噻吩(DBT)的十氢萘溶液为模型化合物，在高压固定床反应器上考察了上述催化剂的加氢脱硫(HDS)反应性能。结果表明，Si-MCM-41经稀HNO3交换后，所担载的Ni-Mo和Ni-W催化剂还原性能、HDS活性和加氢活性有显著变化，但对Co-Mo催化剂影响不大。这说明在Ni-Mo／H-MCM-41和Ni-W／H-MCM-41中可能存在氢溢流现象，DBT的HDS活性与载体表面酸性和氢溢流有关。     

具有共轭体系的酮类烯醇硅醚与全氟碘代烷的反应

应用连二亚硫酸钠的引发，通过全氟碘代烷与醛类，酮类烯醇硅醚的反应，合成α－全氟烷基羰基类化合物的方法。利用该方法，还可以用“一锅法”合成含氟β－二酮类化合物。本文报道了在类似的反应条件下，与苯环或双键共轭的烯醇硅醚和全氟碘代反应的结果。     

稀土对硅青铜和铝青铜凝固组织和耐磨性的影响

锡青铜是一种用途广泛的优良耐磨材料,但锡的价格贵来源缺乏,使其应用受到一定限制,因此,寻求一种无锡材料以取代锡青铜是国内外冶金材料科学工作者致力于研究的课题。铝青铜ZQA18-2-3及硅青铜ZQSi3-1.5是两种实际应用的代用材料,然而都存在铅偏析和热裂倾向大的缺点。近年来稀土在铸造合金中的应用研究有较大进展,如在铅青铜中,稀土的加入使铅偏析显著改善。本实验通过在含铅的铝青铜和硅青铜中加入混合稀土金属,探讨其改善铅偏析和减小热裂倾向的问题。     

镍、铅、LB膜对n-Si光电极的修饰

本文研究了金属(镍、铅)与Langmuir-Blodgett膜对n-Si电极光电化学行为的影响, 观察到镍与铅能增强该电极的能量转换效率与稳定性。测定和讨论了八种有机物得的LB膜对n-Si/Ni电极的修饰作用, 最佳的长链香豆素LB膜使其效率倍增。还研究了具有MIS器件结构的Si/LB/Al电极的光电化学行为, 发现它具有良好的光电效应。     

栅控二极管ESD工艺优化方法研究

为解决通过更改器件设计来提升电路抗静电放电（ESD）能力时成本高的问题,从栅控二极管的工艺出发,研究CAN总线电路抗ESD能力提升方法。通过TCAD仿真,评估了沟道掺杂对于栅控二极管抗ESD能力的影响,发现调整ESD离子注入工艺可以优化栅控二极管导通电阻,提高ESD保护窗口内的泄流能力,将电路抗ESD能力从2 000 V提高到3 000 V,为电路级芯片的失效问题提供了一种解决方案。