关联法和类比法在生物化学教学中的应用

“生物化学”涉及到生命科学与化学2个知识体系的交叉,内涵非常丰富,正因为如此,在课堂教学中往往容易遇到知识点过于分散的问题,而导致学生难以系统而有效地抓住重点。为解决这一问题,在“生物化学”的教学中引入关联法和类比法,紧扣生物大分子复杂性与分子层面的同一性兼具的特点,利用“关联”与“类比”相结合的教学模式,将书本中繁杂的知识点联系成一个彼此相互联系的树状的网络,向学生讲述这个生命之树相关的故事,从而提升“生物化学”的教学效果。     

食品生物化学教学法探讨

食品生物化学是食品工程专业的重要专业基础课。本文从激发兴趣、培养能力和形象教学等方面作了教学法探讨。     

Analysis of Essential Oils from Flower-buds, Leaves and Stems of Filipendula palmata （ Pall. ） Maxim.

The essential oils of the flower-buds, leaves and stems of Filipendula palmata（ Pall. ） Maxim. were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Thirty-three, forty-seven and forty-seven compounds in the flower-buds, leaves and stems were identified, respectively. Methyl salicylate exists in a great amount which is up to 70. 10% in the flower-buds. Its amount is also high in other two parts. The data obtained show that it may be one of the main natural mosquito-expelling and pain-alleviating components in the three parts. The flower-buds are the main active part with the mosquito-expelling function.     

A new alkaloid from Castanea mollissima Blume

A new alkaloid, named 6-（2＇,3＇-dihydroxy-4＇-hydroxymethyl-tetrahydro-furan-1＇-yl）cyclopentadiene[c]pyrrole-1,3-diol, was isolated from the seeds of Castanea mollissima Blume. The structure was elucidated based on spectroscopic evidence including 2D NMR techniques.     

冠心病患者血清瘦素水平分析

目的研究冠心病患者血清瘦素（Leptin）水平的变化,探讨其与冠心病发生发展过程的关系。方法收集我院确诊的300例冠心病患者及30名正常对照者血清。检测血清中Leptin、C反应蛋白（CRP）及20项代表不同脏器及代谢功能的生化指标水平,分析Leptin与冠心病的关系。结果与正常对照组比较,冠心病患者血清Leptin、CRP水平显著升高,但两者无显著相关性;患者代谢功能生化指标有不同程度的显著改变;Leptin与其中一些指标存在一定的相关性。结论Leptin及CRP在冠心病发病过程中具有较强的独立应答,并且Leptin与患者其他生化功能指标存在一定的相关性,其可能促进了冠心病的发生发展。     

磷酸化蛋白质组分析的数据处理新方法研究(Ⅰ)

蛋白质可逆磷酸化在胞外信息传递到核内、细胞生长、分裂、分化和代谢等生命活动过程中起着关键的作用。蛋白质磷酸化对众多蛋白质生物化学功能担负着开/关调控责任,是一种普遍的调控机制,与各种生命活动息息相关。因     

EXAFS study on the local atomic strucures around iron in glycosylated haemoglobin

Samples with 5.1%9.8% and 15.3% HbA1c were extracted from normal subjects and patients with slight and serious diabetes respectively.Extended x-ray absorption fine structure spectra of Fe K absorption were collected at the EXAFS experimental station of the Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility.The step-by-step fluorescent mode was employed with a count time of 10s per point.Several independent scans were averageed to eliminate the statistical nosie.Reference backscattering amplitudes and phaseshifts were calculated using the curve wave theory (FEFF code) of EXAFS.Apart from the nitrogen neighbors around the central iron atom,oxygen neighbours are also found.The Fe-Nbond length increases by about 0.02A for the sample with 15.3% HbAlc Compared with the others,but the Fe-Obond length is almost unchanged.With increasing of HbAlc concentration,the content of Hb increases and the content of HbO2 decreases.This demonstrates that the glycosylation of haemoglobin will decrease its ability to carry oxygen.     

白刺属植物的化学成分分析及系统学意义

概述了白刺类植物研究简史，分析了白刺属5种植物和蒺藜科6种植物的化学成分，测了白刺属3种植物种子总氨基酸的组成，结果表明它与蒺藜科其他属的化学成分组成，氨基酸主要组成与含量和特征上有显著的差异，在一定意义上反映了起源上有一定的同源性和遗传上有一定的稳定性，并进一步支持将白刺属可以提升为白刺科（Nitrariaceae)。这对我国植物学家最近最出的中亚植物区的系统与演化研究和确定其系统位置的研究提供参考。     

Measurement of Breaking Force of Fluorescence Labelled Microtubules with Optical Tweezers

Under illumination of excitation light, the force that can make fluorescent dye-labelled microtubules break up is measured by using dual-beam optical tweezers. It is found that this force is about several piconewtons, which is two orders of magnitude smaller than that without fluorescence label. Microtubules can be elongated about 20% and the increase of the tensile force is nonlinear with the microtubule elongation. Some qualitative explanations are given for the mechanisms about the breakup and elongation of microtubules exposed to excitation light.