烟羽的形成机理及脱白技术分析

烟羽在烟囱出口产生视觉污染,当长期出现蓝色烟羽时,烟气中携带的可凝性颗粒对当地环境有一定的污染.以某2×660 MW超超临界燃煤机组为研究对象,对烟羽形成机理及脱白技术进行分析,参照已进行的改造的机组进行经济性分析,在不增加额外设备的情况下推荐采用冷凝技术,但该技术效果有限;在增加设备的情况下建议选择冷凝再热技术,该技...     

雅鲁藏布江流域原生动物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系

数量庞大、体积微小且高度多样化的原生动物是水生态系统中的初级生产者和初级消费者,对淡水生态系统功能具有重要影响。为探究雅鲁藏布江及其主要支流原生动物群落特征及其与环境因子之间的关系,分别于2013年6月20日—8月8日（丰水期）,2013年10月27日—11月14日（平水期）,2014年4月20日—4月30日（枯水期）在雅鲁藏布江干流及其一级支流选取了26个采样点对原生动物群落结构及其环境因子进行调查。结果表明：鉴定出原生动物2门4纲12目24科30属,其中肉足虫12属、纤毛虫18属;食菌和碎屑者（B类）16属,食藻者（A类）15属,无选择的杂食者（N类）2属,捕食者（R类）5属。原生动物密度均值为984.67 ind./L,变化范围为93.33～4 153.33 ind./L。Shannon-Wiener多样性指数（H’）、Pielou均匀度指数（J’）平均值分别为4.49和0.86,多样性和均匀度状况较好,群落结构稳定性较强。主成分分析（PCA）和冗余分析（RDA）表明雅鲁藏布江流域的原生动物的种类数和丰富度存在明显的空间差异,影响其群落结构的主要环境因子有硅酸根离子、硝酸根离子、...     

凝胶改性基底微藻细胞黏附特性及热力学分析

为强化微藻生物膜成膜过程中藻细胞与基底黏附,同时解决藻细胞残留造成的基底重复利用性差的问题,用聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(PNIPAAm)温缩型凝胶修饰基底.傅里叶红外光谱分析改性表面化学特性;结合微藻培养温度给出适宜藻细胞黏附的基底浸润特性;通过构建热力学模型,明晰温度对藻细胞与温缩型凝胶改性基底界面作用自由能的影响规律,...     

柱面双足驱动杆式振子直线超声电机研究

该文设计了一种双驱动足直线超声电机,其振子具有对称圆锥变幅杆的双驱动足结构,工作模态为相互正交的2个三阶弯曲振动.建立了振子有限元模型,分析了振子主要结构参数尺寸对2个柱面驱动足模态的影响规律.并基于此以降低2个驱动足工作模态频率差,提高工作模态与干扰模态频率差为多重目标,对振子尺寸进行了优化设计.实验测试结果表明,优...     

铁路钢混结合梁顶推施工工艺研究

顶推施工工艺践行标准化生产理念,具有预制场地集中分布、施工便捷、可控性好、工序紧密衔接等多重应用优势,在铁路桥梁工程中具有举足轻重的地位.文章以铁路钢混结合梁施工为背景,重点围绕顶推施工工艺在其中的应用要点展开研究,以供参考.     

一种三次非旋转对称的相位板的检测系统设计

作为零位干涉检测方法中非常有前途的一种方法.计算全息可以用于非旋转对称的非球面的检测.以三次相位板为例,阐述了利用计算全息图检测非旋转对称的非球面的基本原理.分析并推导了三次相位传播过程引入的高阶波像差的理论公式,给出了三次相位板的检测系统的没计结果.详细讨论了计算全息图衍射级次的分离以及计算全息图的二元化,给出了振幅型的计算全息图的图样.计算全息图的刻线最小问隔是40μm,计算全息图的制作精度对检测结果的波前误差的影响仅仅为0.005λ.对检测系统作了详细的公差分析,结果表明所有调整公差对整个检测系统的影响和方根值为83.954 nm.     

对全入射角负折射二维光子晶体结构和电磁参量的研究

利用二维光子晶体的等频线分析原理和平面波展开方法,得到了使二维光子晶体产生全入射角负折射(All-Angle Negative Refraction,AANR)现象时,入射电磁波的频率取值范围.同时,分析了AANR频率范围随着结构参量(晶格类型、介质棒半径与晶格周期的比值)和电磁参量(介质柱介电常量、本底介电常量、入射电磁波偏振方向)变化的行为.结果表明:固定组成光子晶体的一种介质的介电常量,另一介质的介电常量只有达到一定阈值,才有可能使光子晶体出现AANR现象.在给定两种介质介电常量的条件下,存在使AANR频率范围最大化的结构参量和电磁参量.     

PROGRESSIVE DAMAGE ARREST MECHANISM IN TAILORED LAMINATED PLATES WITH A CUTOUT

This study addresses the effectiveness of a simple stiffness tailoring concept to delay damage initiation, control damage progression, and improve residual strength in tensile-loaded composite plates with a central circular cutout. The tailoring concept is to simply reposit all axially oriented （0°） material into regions near the edge of the plate away from the cutout. This tailoring is done in a way so as not to affect the weight of the plate. This accomplishes several beneficial changes in the way that the plate resists loading with no increases in material cost or weight. Lowering the axial stiffness of the laminate surrounding the cutout lowers the stress concentration. Increasing the axial stiffness near edges of the plate attracts loading away from the vicinity of the cutout to further lower stresses in the critical cutout region. This study focuses on in-plane response including damage progression and residual strength as a function of the degree of tailoring and cutout size. Strength and stiffness properties typical of IM7/8551-7 preperg material were assumed and a modified version of the Hashin failure criteria was used to identify the local damage. Results show that tailoring can significantly increase the damage initiation load and the residual strength. In some cases, observed evidence shows that tailoring performs as a damage arrest mechanism.     

ANALYTICAL SOLUTIONS TO STRESS CONCENTRATION PROBLEM IN PLATES CONTAINING RECTANGULAR HOLE UNDER BIAXIAL TENSIONS

The stress concentration problem in structures with a circular or elliptic hole can be investigated by analytical methods. For the problem with a rectangular hole, only approximate results are derived. This paper deduces the analytical solutions to the stress concentration problem in plates with a rectangular hole under biaxial tensions. By using the U-transformation technique and the finite element method, the analytical displacement solutions of the finite element equations are derived in the series form. Therefore, the stress concentration can then be discussed easily and conveniently. For plate problem the bilinear rectangular element with four nodes is taken as an example to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method. The stress concentration factors for various ratios of height to width of the hole are obtained.     

PARALLEL FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF HIGH FREQUENCY VIBRATIONS OF QUARTZ CRYSTAL RESONATORS ON LINUX CLUSTER

Quartz crystal resonators are typical piezoelectric acoustic wave devices for frequency control applications with mechanical vibration frequency at the radio-frequency （RF） range. Precise analyses of the vibration and deformation are generally required in the resonator design and improvement process. The considerations include the presence of electrodes, mountings, bias fields such as temperature, initial stresses, and acceleration. Naturally, the finite element method is the only effective tool for such a coupled problem with multi-physics nature. The main challenge is the extremely large size of resulted linear equations. For this reason, we have been employing the Mindlin plate equations to reduce the computational difficulty. In addition, we have to utilize the parallel computing techniques on Linux clusters, which are widely available for academic and industrial applications nowadays, to improve the computing efficiency. The general principle of our research is to use open source software components and public domain technology to reduce cost for developers and users on a Linux cluster. We start with a mesh generator specifically for quartz crystal resonators of rectangular and circular types, and the Mindlin plate equations are implemented for the finite element analysis. Computing techniques like parallel processing, sparse matrix handling, and the latest eigenvalue extraction package are integrated into the program. It is clear from our computation that the combination of these algorithms and methods on a cluster can meet the memory requirement and reduce computing time significantly.