心脏与血管的相互影响

心脏与血管的相互影响早就引起生理学家们的兴趣，但其在临床医学上的广泛应用则是近几年的事．这主要归功于两大生物力学成就，一是应甩泵功能曲线和时变弹性元描述心脏功能，另一是应用输入阻抗来描述血管功能．本文系统地总结和评述了２０多年来国际上关于心脏与血管相互影响的研究发展概况．     

Bifurcation of flow and mass transport in a curved blood vessel

A numerical analysis of flow and concentration fields of macromolecules in a, slightly curved blood vessel was carried out. Based on these results, the effect of the bifurcation of a flow on the mass transport in a curved blood vessel was discussed. The macromolecules turned out to be easier to deposit in the inner part of the curved blood vessel near the critical Dean number. Once the Dean number is higher than the critical number, the bifurcation of the flow appears. This bifurcation can prevent macromolecules from concentrating in the inner part of the curved blood vessel. This result is helpful for understanding the possible correlations between the blood dynamics and atherosclerosis. The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (10002003), JSPS Postdoctoral Fellowship for Foreign Researcher and Foundation for University Teachers, the Ministry of Education     

一种基于激光诱导荧光法的心肌钙蛋白Ⅰ检测系统

基于激光诱导荧光的测量原理,研制了一种用于心肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(cTnⅠ)快速检测的便携式系统。首先在测试杯中cTnⅠ与荧光试剂发生免疫反应,经过分离除去多余的荧光试剂,测试杯中的荧光分子与cTnI的量成相关性,通过对荧光分子进行诱导激发,使其发出荧光信号,然后经过光电转换、微弱电信号放大、信号采集与处理,最终实现对cTnⅠ的快速定量检测。临床实验显示,在cTnT为1.5~12.2 ng/mL范围内,本系统与TosohAIA-360生化分析仪的检测结果具有很好的线性关系,样品数为6时两者的相关系数达到0.97。     

基于局部复杂度信息测度的冠脉造影图像分割

针对冠状动脉造影图像中血管与背景的对比度低以及背景复杂等问题,提出了一种基于局部复杂度信息测度的冠脉血管分割方法.通过对造影图像过渡区特征的分析,构造了局部复杂度信息测度作为特征参数,提取造影图像的过渡区.根据提取的过渡区直方图确定一个最佳分割阈值,提取冠脉血管.实验结果表明,本文方法在小血管的提取、连通性和有效性方面...     

Adhesion behavior of endothelial progenitor cells to endothelial cells in simple shear flow

The adhesion of endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs) on endothelial cells(ECs) is one of the critical physiological processes for the regenesis of vascular vessels and the prevention of serious cardiovascular diseases.Here,the rolling and adhesion behavior of EPCs on ECs was studied numerically.A two-dimensional numerical model was developed based on the immersed boundary method for simulating the rolling and adhesion of cells in a channel flow.The binding force arising from the catch bond of a receptor and ligand pair was modeled with stochastic Monte Carlo method and Hookean spring model.The effect of tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α) on the expression of the number of adhesion molecules in ECs was analyzed experimentally.A flow chamber system with CCD camera was set up to observe the top view of the rolling of EPCs on the substrate cultivated with ECs.Numerical results prove that the adhesion of EPC on ECs is closely related to membrane stiff-ness of the cell and shear rate of the flow.It also suggests that the adhesion force between EPC and EC by P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 only is not strong enough to bond the cell onto vessel walls unless contributions of other catch bond are considered.Experimental results demonstrate that TNF-α enhanced the expressions of VCAM,ICAM,P-selectin and E-selectin in ECs,which supports the numerical results that the rolling velocity of EPC on TNF-α treated EC substrate decreases obviously compared with its velocity on the untreated one.It is found that because the adhesion is affected by both the rolling velocity and the deformability of the cell,an optimal stiffness of EPC may exist at a given shear rate of flow for achieving maximum adhesion rates.     

ILLLI对银屑病患者外周血CD4+T细胞Fas蛋白表达的影响

目的:探索ILLLI治疗对银屑病患者外周血CD4+T细胞Fas蛋白表达的影响。方法:取患者及正常对照组静脉血10ml,肝素抗凝,等份分别加入4支试管中,1支为未照射组,3支照射组分为30、60和120分钟,以输出功率5mW的氦氖激光照射,并进行荧光染色和流式细胞分析。结果:照射前银屑病组表达Fas蛋白的CD4+T细胞百分比为21.4±3.1％,较正常对照组的16.8±2.1％显著增加,差异有显著性,p<0.05。正常对照组在激光照射30分钟、60分钟和120分钟,表达Fas蛋白的CD4+T细胞百分比分别为18.0±5.3％、16.4±5.2％和19.8±6.7％,与照射前差异无显著性,p>0.05;而患者组在激光照射30分钟、60分钟和120分钟时,表达Fas蛋白的CD4+T细胞百分比分别为24.3±2.8％、28.3±5.3％和30.5±7.9％,可以看出,随着照射时间的延长,表达Fas蛋白的CD4+T细胞的数量不断增加,60分钟和120分钟,表达Fas蛋白的CD4+T细胞百分比较照射前增加显著,有统计学差异,p<0.05。结论:银屑病的发病机制可能与细胞凋亡失控等多种因素有关。激光治疗银屑病的机制可能与它下调IL—8水平、上调TNF—(表达、纠正患者的凋亡失控状态有关。     

弱激光血管内照射配合其他理疗法治疗前列腺肥大,炎症的临床观察

弱激光血管内照射配合其他理疗法治疗前列腺肥大、炎症的临床观察徐浩成，谢礼宜（汕头大学附一院理疗科，汕头５１５０３１）（汕头大学医学院物理教研室，汕头５１５０３１）前列腺肥大、炎症近年来已上升为临床多发疾病。肥大患者以老年人居多数，临床表现尿频、尿急、...     

半导体绿激光血管内照射对犬红血细胞的影响

半导体绿激光血管内照射对犬红血细胞的影响丁明杰，白经修，张娓，王英华，章萍，刘润梅（河南医大组织胚胎学教研室，郑州４５００５２）（河南医大激光医学研究中心，郑州４５００５２）Ｈｅ—Ｎｅ激光血管内照射在医学上已取得广泛应用，而桂林康兴激光仪器厂研制的半...     

心动周期性多普勒波形的平均方法

许多临床上有用的多普勒小以形都是随时产是变化的，但又近似于周期心动周期的周期信号。为准确估计这些多普靳波形，并提取主同灵敏度的特征参数，有必要对它们按心吉期进行平均。     

激光心肌血管再建的机理研究

激光在离体猪心肌和活体兔心脏上打孔。观察术后激光孔道的病理改变,认为激光血管再建的主要机理可能为激光孔道中血流缓慢,血栓形成,肉芽组织长入机化血栓,肉芽组织中丰富的毛细血管在血流冲击下改建与心肌组织中的毛细血管网沟通使血道重建。