Environmentally Stable Polymer Gels with Super Deformability and High Recoverability Enhanced by Sub‐5 nm Particles in the Nonvolatile Solvent

It remains challenging to satisfy the combined performances for hydrogels with excellent mechanical behavior, high deformability, and super recoverability under harsh environmental conditions. In this study, we first established a strong polymer network via the crosslinking of polymer chains on the surfaces of sub‐5‐nm calcium hydroxide nanospherulites in ethylene glycol solvent. The organic gel expressed excellent mechanical properties such as a recoverable compressive engineering stress of 249 MPa and an elongation stress of 402 KPa, which was attributed to the uniform nanosized crosslinking structure as characterized by SEM. Moreover, the nonvolatile solvent remained in the gel, meaning that the sample can resist a wide temperature range of ?56 to 100 °C without losing the elastic properties. This novel organic gel could provide promising routes to develop the ideal elastic carriers for wearable devices, smart skin sensors, and damping materials. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019 , 57, 713–721     

硫酸铜掺杂TiO2涂层对碳纤维抗氧化性能的影响

采用溶胶-浸渍法,以CuSO₄为烧结助剂在碳纤维表面制得TiO₂涂层。利用XRD、SEM和TEM分析了涂层相组成及形貌,通过静态等温氧化实验考察了涂层碳纤维抗氧化性能。结果表明：掺杂CuSO₄制备TiO₂涂层均匀完整致密,涂层相组成均为锐钛矿型TiO₂,且涂层厚度从45 nm提高至185 nm;与普通TiO₂涂层碳纤维相比,完全氧化温度从667 ℃上升到800 ℃,氧化活化能从118.390 kJ·mol^-1提高到152.562 kJ·mol^-1,CuSO₄的掺杂大大提高了TiO₂涂层碳纤维的抗氧化性能。     

Graphene Oxide Protected Nucleic Acid Probes for Bioanalysis and Biomedicine

Recently, the binding ability of DNA on GO and resulting nuclease resistance have attracted increasing attention, leading to new applications both in vivo and in vitro. In vivo, nucleic acids absorbed on GO can be effectively protected from enzymatic degradation and biological interference in complicated samples, making it useful for targeted delivery, gene regulation, intracellular detection and imaging with high uptake efficiencies, high intracellular stability, and very low toxicity. In vitro, the adsorption of ssDNA on GO surface and desorption of dsDNA or well‐folded ssDNA from GO surface result in the protection and deprotection of DNA from nucleic digestion, respectively, which has led to target‐triggered cyclic enzymatic amplification methods (CEAM) for amplified detection of analytes with sensitivity 2–3 orders of magnitude higher than that of 1:1 binding strategies. This Concept article explores some of the latest developments in this field.     

Integrated Hollow Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Target Drug/siRNA Co‐Delivery

A hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticle (HMSNP) based drug/siRNA co‐delivery system was designed and fabricated, aiming at overcoming multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells for targeted cancer therapy. The as‐prepared HMSNPs have perpendicular nanochannels connecting to the internal hollow cores, thereby facilitating drug loading and release. The extra volume of the hollow core enhances the drug loading capacity by two folds as compared with conventional mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs). Folic acid conjugated polyethyleneimine (PEI‐FA) was coated on the HMSNP surfaces under neutral conditions through electrostatic interactions between the partially charged amino groups of PEI‐FA and the phosphate groups on the HMSNP surfaces, blocking the mesopores and preventing the loaded drugs from leakage. Folic acid acts as the targeting ligand that enables the co‐delivery system to selectively bind with and enter into the target cancer cells. PEI‐FA‐coated HMSNPs show enhanced siRNA binding capability on account of electrostatic interactions between the amino groups of PEI‐FA and siRNA, as compared with that of MSNPs. The electrostatic interactions provide the feasibility of pH‐controlled release. In vitro pH‐responsive drug/siRNA co‐delivery experiments were conducted on HeLa cell lines with high folic acid receptor expression and MCF‐7 cell lines with low folic acid receptor expression for comparison, showing effective target delivery to the HeLa cells through folic acid receptor meditated cellular endocytosis. The pH‐responsive intracellular drug/siRNA release greatly minimizes the prerelease and possible side effects of the delivery system. By simultaneously delivering both doxorubicin (Dox) and siRNA against the Bcl‐2 protein into the HeLa cells, the expression of the anti‐apoptotic protein Bcl‐2 was successfully suppressed, leading to an enhanced therapeutic efficacy. Thus, the present multifunctional nanoparticles show promising potentials for controlled and targeted drug and gene co‐delivery in cancer treatment.     

An informative subtlety of itemperature-jump or coulostatic responses for surface-attached species

Theoretical relationships are developed to describe the open-circuit responses associated with the indirect laser-induced temperature-jump (ILIT) method, a method for measuring fast electron-transfer rate constants of surface-attached redox species. The analysis is also applicable to data obtained using the coulostatic charge-injection method. The unique relationship between k_m, the relaxation rate constant for the ILIT (or coulostatic) response, and E_i, the potential at which the system is initially poised, exhibits a surprising sensitivity to the values of k₀, E_i^0′ (the standard rate constant and formal potential for the redox couple), α (the transfer coefficient in the Butler–Volmer equation) and γ (a dimensionless parameter which is directly proportional to the total surface concentration of the redox moiety). ILIT data for several examples of surface-attached ferrocene moieties confirm the theoretically predicted k_m vs E_i behavior. Values of E_i^0′ and γ extracted from the ILIT data agree well with the values obtained from cyclic voltammetric data thereby confirming that the ILIT and cyclic voltammogram (CV) experiments are sampling the same ferrocene population.     

Synthesis of 2′-O-[2-[(N,N-dialkylamino)oxy]ethyl]-modified oligonucleotides: hybridization affinity, resistance to nuclease, and protein binding characteristics

Synthesis of a series of 2′-O-[2-[(N,N-dialkylamino)oxy]ethyl]-modified 5-methyluridine nucleoside phosphoramidites and solid supports are described. Using these monomers, modified oligonucleotides containing phosphodiester linkages were synthesized in high yields. These modified oligonucleotides showed enhanced binding affinity to the complementary RNA (and not to DNA) and excellent nuclease stability with t_1/2>24 h. The human serum albumin binding properties of modified oligonucleotides have been evaluated to assess their transport and toxicity properties.     

新型哌啶-查尔酮类衍生物的设计、合成及抗宫颈癌和逆转顺铂耐药活性

本文采用活性亚结构拼接原理,设计并合成了15个新型含哌啶的查尔酮类衍生物,利用¹H NMR、¹³C NMR和HR-MS对结构进行表征,并初步评价了其抗宫颈癌和抗顺铂耐药宫颈癌活性作用。结果表明,化合物6g具有一定的抗肿瘤活性和逆转顺铂耐药作用;并采用Elisa法、联合顺铂用药、Western Blot和分子对接对化合物6g与VEGFR-2和P-gp靶点进行了初步的研究。本研究为基于VEGFR-2和P-gp双靶点新型分子靶向查尔酮类衍生物的设计提供了一条思路。     

Citronellol-Based Long-Lasting Antibacterial Cotton Fabrics without Bacterial Resistance

Antibacterial cotton helps prevent the growth and spread of harmful microorganisms, reduces the risk of infection, and has a prolonged service life by reducing bacterial degradation. However, most antibacterial agents used are toxic to humans and the environment. Citronellol-poly(N,N-dimethyl ethyl methacrylate) (CD), a highly effective antibacterial polymer, is synthesized from natural herbal essential oils (EOs). CD exhibited efficient, rapid bactericidal activity against Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and drug-resistant bacteria. Citronellol's environmental benignity makes CDs less hemolytic. Notably, negligible drug resistance developed after 15 bacterial subcultures. The CD-treated cotton fabric displayed better antibacterial performance than AAA-grade antibacterial fabric, even after repeated washing. This study extends the practical application of EOs to antibacterial surfaces and fabrics, which is promising for use in personal care products and medical settings.     

Determination of lanthanum and cerium in cmsx-4 nickel-based superalloys by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometryEI北大核心CSCD

CMSX-4 is the second-generation nickel-based single crystal superalloy used widely in the world. The oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of CMSX-4 alloy can be improved by adding trace lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce) and other rare earth elements. A method for the simultaneous determination of La and Ce in CMSX-4 nickel-based superalloy by wet dissolution-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was established. The sample was heated and dissolved under normal pressure by aqua regia and hydrofluoric acid, and the interference of fluorine ion was eliminated by using perchloric acid. The amount of dissolved acid and the digestion conditions were optimized. The limits of detection were 0.23 μg/g for La and 0.85 μg/g for Ce under optimized conditions. The spiked recoveries were 95.0%–98.9% with the relative standard deviations of 1.3%–3.9%, which can meet the requirements of accurate and rapid determination of La and Ce in CMSX-4 nickel-based superalloy. © 2023, Youke Publishing Co.,Ltd. All rights reserved.