变形镜部分驱动器断电失效对校正性能的影响

变形镜在长期工作的过程中,压电陶瓷驱动器因累积疲劳效应会导致其失效,从而导致校正性能的降低.从变形镜的影响函数出发,将失效驱动器的电压置零,采用有限元方法建立变形镜疲劳失效模型,重点分析畸变波前的形态分布、入射光束的类型和驱动器的排布方式等对校正能力的影响.实验结果表明,在部分驱动器失效的情况下,变形镜应当根据高斯型随...     

Enhancing electrooptic modulators using modulation instability

As electronic operating frequencies increase toward the terahertz regime, new electrooptic modulators capable of low‐voltage high‐frequency operation must be developed to provide the necessary optical interconnects. This Letter presents a new concept that exploits modulation instability to compensate for the intrinsically weak electrooptic effect, χ⁽²⁾. Simulations demonstrate more than 50 times enhancement of electrooptic effect at millimeter wave frequencies leading to a substantial reduction in the required modulation voltage.

     

A novel monochromator for experiments with ultrashort X‐ray pulses

Aiming at advancing storage‐ring‐based ultrafast X‐ray science, over the past few years many upgrades have been undertaken to continue improving beamline performance and photon flux at the Femtoslicing facility at BESSY II. In this article the particular design upgrade of one of the key optical components, the zone‐plate monochromator (ZPM) beamline, is reported. The beamline is devoted to optical pump/soft X‐ray probe applications with 100 fs (FWHM) X‐ray pulses in the soft X‐ray range at variable polarization. A novel approach consisting of an array of nine off‐axis reflection zone plates is used for a gapless coverage of the spectral range between 410 and 1333 eV at a designed resolution of E/ΔE = 500 and a pulse elongation of only 30 fs. With the upgrade of the ZPM the following was achieved: a smaller focus, an improved spectral resolution and bandwidth as well as excellent long‐term stability. The beamline will enable a new class of ultrafast applications with variable optical excitation wavelength and variable polarization.     

Airy加速光束的局域空间频率及其在光束设计中的应用

Airy加速光束是近年来备受关注的一种新型无衍射光束. 它所具有的自由加速、无衍射及自恢复特性使其在光学微操纵、非线性光学、 电子加速等诸多领域显示出重要的应用价值. 因此, 如何方便高效地生成加速光束成为近年来的一个热点研究内容. 本文对Airy加速光束复振幅分布的空间振荡特性进行了分析, 建立了利用局域空间频率描述其加速特性的理论. 提出了利用零点坐标计算加速光束局域空间频率的方法, 通过非线性拟合给出了可以精确描述Airy光束局域空间频率的解析公式; 确定了加速光束的局域空间频率函数与加速轨迹之间的定量关系, 给出了由给定加速轨迹计算相应的局域空间频率以及加速光束的纯相位函数的一种简单计算方法. 将上述分析结果用于设计产生具有给定加速轨迹的加速光束所需的相位函数, 成功求出了能够产生圆弧形加速轨迹的新型加速光束的纯相位函数的解析表达式. 基于该相位函数设计的纯相位衍射光学元件的模拟衍射结果证明了上述方法的可行性. 关键词： 衍射光学 加速光束 局域空间频率     

线性电介质和中心对称光折变晶体界面表面波的研究

报道了中心对称光折变晶体与线性电介质界面表面波的形成及能量变化. 通过调节传播常数和波导参数的方法,可以得到非局域、振荡、局域三种类型的表面波. 波导参数和传播常数之差大于阈值时,线性电介质和中心对称光折变晶体界面可以形成局域表面波. 波导参数为正值时,局域表面波主要聚集在中心对称光折变晶体内,随着传播常数的增大,波能量随之单调递增,表面波可以稳定传播. 在给定的条件下,调节决定非线性作用强度的可变参量可以控制局域表面波模的阶数和传播波形. 关键词： 非线性光学 中心对称光折变晶体 表面波     

Transformation optics and cloaking

Invisibility, a long sought-for speculation in science fiction, has been turned into reality in the laboratory through the use of a theoretical technique called Transformation Optics. The principles of transformation optics show that any desired smooth deformation of the electromagnetic field can be implemented exactly by an appropriately engineered metamaterial. All demonstrations of cloaking to date have had limitations, however, reflecting our technological inability to implement the transformation optics algorithm exactly. However, the scientific principles leading to perfect invisibility are now established, and practical improvements on the initial designs are now occurring very rapidly. Most recently, researchers have re-examined transformation optics to include time as well as space, describing and then implementing the concept of a cloak that hides events, a conceptual breakout that promises many new applications. This review describes the general ideas underlying transformation optics, and how the various types of cloak based on these ideas have been implemented practically to date.     

Fiber Optic Spectrophotometer for Noninvasive Transmission and Diffuse Reflection Studies

We describe the construction of a simple but versatile single-beam spectrophotometer that uses no sample holder at all; one arm of a bifurcated fiber optic bundle illuminates the specimen, while the other receives the remitted light. Though designed with an eye to recording the diffuse reflection spectra of scattering-and-absorbing substances, it can also be used for conventional studies (ie transmission spectroscopy) by merely placing a plane mirror behind the cuvette. The performance of the instrument is evaluated and representative spectra of several powders, solutions, and biomaterials are presented.     

LED照明节律效应随年龄的变化

研究了不同色温LED照明时节律效应随年龄的变化规律。在节律因子计算公式中,引入不同年龄人眼的透射谱,分析LED色温和年龄对节律因子的影响。然后,测量了12名老年和18名青年男性在黑暗状态下以及照度为500 lx、不同色温LED照明时的心率,采用黑暗状态与照明状态的心率变化表征节律效应,来验证所得的理论规律。结果表明:色温为6 500,5 500,4 500,3 500 K的LED照明时,青年人(20岁)的节律因子分别为1.1,0.7,0.5,0.44,不同色温LED照明时心率变化率差异明显;老年人(65岁)的节律因子分别为0.5,0.3,0.25,0.2,不同色温下心率变化较小。在同一色温LED照明时,节律效应随着年龄的增加而减小。LED色温不同时,青年人节律因子的变化较大,老年人则变化较小。     

用楔形柱面光纤微透镜耦合的1.3μm SOA组件

运用激光模式耦合理论分析了半导体光放大器(SOA)与单模通信光纤的连接损耗,并设计制作了楔形柱面光纤微透镜用来实现两者的模斑匹配,有效地降低了器件的光耦合损耗.本文介绍了楔形柱面光纤微透镜耦合的1.3 μm半导体光放大器(SOA)组件及其制作方法.该组件的最大增益不小于14 dB,其偏振灵敏度小于1 dB,增益波动不大于0.5 dB.     

Polarimetric-Spectral-Sensitive Compressed Ultrafast Photography Enables Real-Time Intensity Visualization of Time-Varying Polarized Ultrafast Laser Pulses

Ultrafast laser pulses with complex spatiotemporal and polarization couplings have shown great application prospects in coherent control, particle acceleration, molecular dynamics excitation, and chiral or anisotropic detection. It is very important to observe the polarization-coupled ultrafast laser pulses for characterizing the performance of laser source and understanding the laser-matter interaction, but there is currently no detection technique that can completely characterize them, including the spatio-, spectral-, and polarimetric-temporal information. In this work, a polarimetric-spectral-sensitive has been compressed ultrafast photography (PS-CUP) to realize the real-time intensity visualization of time-varying polarized (TP) ultrafast laser pulses. PS-CUP can not only distinguish the polarization state of a TP pulse, but also realize the spatio-, spectral- and polarimetric-temporal measurement. To demonstrate the ability of polarization resolving detection, PS-CUP is used to successfully distinguish between the sinistral and dextral TP pulses and measure the angle and degree of linear polarization of a dextral TP pulse, respectively, and the experimental results are highly consistent with theoretical simulations. Owing to the unprecedented multidimensional detection ability, PS-CUP is prospected to provide a powerful tool for the diagnosis of various complex ultrafast laser pulses and the detection of ultrafast chiral optics.