冲击绝热曲线上单质固体最大压缩比及相应热力学量

在三项式状态方程概念框架内构建了单质固体材料的通用状态方程模型,以绝对零度Thomas-Fermi模型结果的一部分近似作为被压缩固体的冷能和冷压,并利用Cowan模型和Faussurier类氢平均原子模型得到离子与电子的热能和热压。数值计算证实,在材料压缩比大于2的条件下,该模型具有通用的特点。利用该模型计算了原子序数从3到70的所有单质固体在冲击绝热曲线上的最大压缩比及相应的温度和压强,并与其他模型所得的结果进行了比较。这些数值结果可供强激波压缩实验参考。

     

极低风速下热线测量的方向特性

在风速为6~30m/s的范围内,许多研究表明可近似认为热线探针的偏角因子K1和倾角因子K2不随风速变化,倾角θ对K1及偏角ψ对K2也近似认为没有影响,一般采用k1≈0.2,K2≈1.02.然而在极低风速下,特别是1 m/s以下,由于热线的传热机理发生变化,所以K1和K2也出现了显著的变化.本文对单丝探针和双丝探针方向特性进行了探讨性的研究,实验表明,风速小于3m/s时,K1和K2随速度发生变化,且θ对K1以及ψ对K2都有影响.当取ψ和θ为90°时,K1和K2在整个角度范围内计算速度的误差较小.     

CCD自动调光设计

介绍一种在89C51单片机的智能控制系统中,用A/D536等器件组成的真有效值电路作为CCD视频信号的检测电路,采取程序控制方式对天空背景下的目标进行自动调光控制.     

金属银极薄薄膜的光学特性

本文根据可见光区域测量的不同厚度,不同稳定情况下Ag膜透过率光谱响应曲线,结合岛状金属膜有效介质理论,讨论了Ag膜中类自由电子和束缚电子引起的等效洛伦兹振子和带间跃迁随厚度和稳定时间的变化规律。理论计算的透过率曲线与实验符合得很好。比较理论与实验,得到了不同厚度下、不同稳定情况Ag膜的光学常数。     

稠密共振介质中近偶极-偶极相互作用的局域场效应

为研究存在由近偶极-偶极相互作用诱导的局域场效应时超短强激光脉冲与稠密共振介质相互作用的特性,采用光与物质相互作用的半经典理论,建立了稠密二能级体系中考虑原子间近偶极-偶极相互作用的修正光学Bloch方程,并用四阶Runge-Kutta法数值求解了该方程。研究结果表明:局域场效应对稠密二能级体系中Bloch矢量的瞬态相干过程和稳态性质都具有强烈的调制作用。并由此提出了调控稳态粒子数布居的两种方案。     

Kinetic equations for a quantum gas with bound states

The kinetic theory for dense gases is modified to take into account the existence of bound states. A molecular chaos condition is used which corresponds to the division of the two- and three-particle Hubert spaces into scattering and boundstate subspaces. A kinetic stage results from a long-time limit which converges to yield time-independent functionals for the two- and three-particle density matrices, as functionals of the density matrices for atoms and molecules. Coupled kinetic equations are obtained which describe the gas as a reacting mixture of atoms and diatomic molecules. These include the effects of scattering and rearrangement collisions between the atom and the molecule, and of molecular formation and dissociation.     

Dielectric friction and solvation dynamics: Novel results on relaxation in dipolar liquids

In this article we present a new, general but simple, microscopic expression for time-dependent solvation energy of an ion. This expression is surprisingly similar to the expression for the time-dependent dielectric friction on a moving ion. We show that both the Chandra-Bagchi and the Fried-Mukamel formulations of solvation dynamics can be easily derived from this expression. This expression leads to an almost perfect agreement of the theory with all the available computer simulation results. Second, we show here for the first time that the mobility of a light solute ion can significantly accelerate its own solvation, specially in the underdamped limit. The latter result is also in excellent agreement with the computer simulations.     

RECURSIVE BAIRE CLASSIFICATION AND SPEEDABLE FUNCTIONS

Using recursive variants of Baire notions of nowhere dense and meagre sets we study the topological size of speedable and infinitely often speedable functions in a machine-independent framework. We show that the set of speedable functions is not “small” whereas the set of infinitely often speedable functions is “large”. In this way we offer partial answers to a question in [4].