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51.
Ultrasound-assisted deposition (USAD) of sol nanoparticles enables the formation of uniform and inherently stable thin films. However, the technique still suffers in coating hard substrates and the use of fast-reacting sol–gel precursors still remains challenging. Here, we report on the deposition of ultrathin titanium and titanium/silicon hybrid oxide coatings using hydroxylated silicon wafers as a model hard substrate. We use acetic acid as the catalyst which also suppresses the reactivity of titanium tetraisopropoxide while increasing the reactivity of tetraethyl orthosilicate through chemical modifications. Taking the advantage of this peculiar behavior, we successfully prepared titanium and titanium/silicon hybrid oxide coatings by USAD. Varying the amount of acetic acid in the reaction media, we managed to modulate thickness and surface roughness of the coatings in nanoscale. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy studies showed the formation of conformal coatings having nanoroughness. Quantitative chemical state maps obtained by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) suggested the formation of ultrathin (<10 nm) coatings and thickness measurements by rotating analyzer ellipsometry supported this observation. For the first time, XPS chemical maps revealed the transport effect of ultrasonic waves since coatings were directly cast on rectangular substrates as circular shadows of the horn with clear thickness gradient from the center to the edges. In addition to the progress made in coating hard substrates, employing fast-reacting precursors and achieving hybrid coatings; this report provides the first visual evidence on previously suggested “acceleration and smashing” mechanism as the main driving force of USAD. 相似文献
52.
以纳米Si颗粒为核心,正硅酸四乙酯(TEOS)为SiO_2源,采用Stober法在Si表面包覆一层SiO_2,再以多巴胺为碳源,通过碳化处理将SiO_2表面的聚多巴胺层转化成碳层。最后,用HF刻蚀SiO_2并留下空隙,得到Si@void@C复合纳米颗粒。利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜和恒流充放电测试对材料的物相、微观形貌和电化学性能进行表征。结果表明,在0.1 A·g~(-1)电流密度下,Si@void@C负极材料充放电循环100次后充电比容量仍然有1 319.5 mAh·g~(-1),容量保持率为78.4%,表现出优异的电化学性能。 相似文献
53.
Parul Taneja V. Manjuladevi Rajiv Gupta Raj Kumar Gupta 《Macromolecular Symposia》2017,376(1):1600207
54.
In this paper, a heterogeneous precipitation method utilizing urea hydrolysis was adopted to coat a SiO2 layer on the surface of SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+ long persistence phosphors. To avoid phosphor hydrolysis in a water-containing coating medium, the hydrolysis and polymerization reactions of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) were concerned and carried out. The crystal phases, surface morphologies, hydrolysis stability and water resistance on afterglow properties of coated phosphors were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrum analysis, transmission electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectrum results confirmed that a continuous, uniform and compact SiO2 coating layer was successfully obtained on the phosphors surface. A theoretical coating amount of 5% or higher was found to be good for hydrolysis stability. Photoluminescence results revealed the coated phosphors showed much better water resistance on afterglow properties than the uncoated phosphor. We also discussed and proposed the hydrolysis restriction mechanism of SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+ in the water-containing coating medium. 相似文献
55.
56.
Hydrogen generation from formic acid (FA) has received significant attention.The challenge is to obtain a highly active catalyst under mild conditions for practical applications.Here atomic layer deposition (ALD) of FeOx was performed to deposit an ultrathin oxide coating layer to a Pd/C catalyst,therein the FeOx coverage was precisely controlled by ALD cycles.Transmission electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction measurements suggest that the FeOx coating layer improved the thermal stability of Pd nanoparticles (NPs).X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement showed that deposition of FeOx on the Pd NPs caused a positive shift of Pd3d binding energy.In the FA dehydrogenation reaction,the ultrathin FeOx layer on the Pd/C could considerably improve the catalytic activity,and Pd/C coated with 8 cycles of FeOx showed an optimized activity with turnover frequency being about 2 times higher than the uncoated one.The improved activities were in a volcanoshape as a function of the number of FeOx ALD cycles,indicating the coverage of FeOx is critical for the optimized activity.In summary,simultaneous improvements of activity and thermal stability of Pd/C catalyst by ultra-thin FeOx overlayer suggest to be an effective way to design active catalysts for the FA dehydrogenation reaction. 相似文献
57.
《Journal of Raman spectroscopy : JRS》2017,48(10):1346-1355
Hermetic carbon coatings of different thicknesses ranging from 1 to 100 nm on a series of optical fibers are characterized with confocal Raman spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. Standard far‐field Raman spectra in the region of 1,000–2,000 cm−1 were fitted and well reproduced using 5 individual components assigned to different species of graphite‐like and disordered phases. Based on the fitting, a new spectroscopic indicator was proposed: , where G * and D * and Δ are intensities at the maxima of the graphite‐like G peak and the disorder‐induced D peak and the dip between them, respectively. This indicator provides a measure of soot fraction in carbonaceous materials. A tip‐enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) technique confirmed the complex structure of the first‐order Raman D band assigned to disordered graphitic lattice vibrations. In addition, the TERS method provided convincing evidence for the formation of carbon allotropes, such as carbon nanotubes in the coatings. Possible effects of allotropes on hydrogen and water permeation through carbon coating are discussed in the view of the obtained results. 相似文献
58.
The aim of this research work is to address the influences of dispersion forces and rippled configuration on the instability threshold of carbon nanotube (CNT) based nanotweezers. To this end, the Dirichlet and Neumann modes of Casimir force arisen from the electric and magnetic energies is developed for cylinder–cylinder geometry. Moreover, the CNTs rippling deformation which experimentally revealed is included in the Euler-Bernoulli beam model to modify the governing equations. The differential quadrature method (DQM) in conjunction with the 4th-order Runge-Kutta algorithm is employed to numerically simulate the non-linear partial differential equations. It is interestingly demonstrated that these phenomena remarkably affect the electromechanical behavior of nanotweezers fabricated from CNTs. By taking the rippling configuration and Casimir attraction between tubes into account, the pull-in voltage decreases. On the other hand, when the gas damping effect due to low vacuum environment is taken into consideration, the pull-in value increases. The accuracy of the present modeling is compared with those experimentally published in the literature, giving excellent results. 相似文献
59.
Hydrogen generation from formic acid (FA) has received significant attention.The challenge is to obtain a highly active catalyst under mild conditions for practical applications.Here atomic layer deposition (ALD) of FeOx was performed to deposit an ultrathin oxide coating layer to a Pd/C catalyst,therein the FeOx coverage was precisely controlled by ALD cycles.Transmission electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction measurements suggest that the FeOx coating layer improved the thermal stability of Pd nanoparticles (NPs).X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement showed that deposition of FeOx on the Pd NPs caused a positive shift of Pd3d binding energy.In the FA dehydrogenation reaction,the ultrathin FeOx layer on the Pd/C could considerably improve the catalytic activity,and Pd/C coated with 8 cycles of FeOx showed an optimized activity with turnover frequency being about 2 times higher than the uncoated one.The improved activities were in a volcanoshape as a function of the number of FeOx ALD cycles,indicating the coverage of FeOx is critical for the optimized activity.In summary,simultaneous improvements of activity and thermal stability of Pd/C catalyst by ultra-thin FeOx overlayer suggest to be an effective way to design active catalysts for the FA dehydrogenation reaction. 相似文献
60.
通过电沉积技术并调节镀液中镍钨离子配比浓度在铝合金基体表面制备了Ni-W梯度镀层,研究了镀层中W质量分数的变化对梯度镀层性能的影响.结果表明:所制备梯度镀层表面均匀平整,与基体结合良好,沿镀层生长方向W质量分数逐层增加;相比于Ni-W均质合金,Ni-W梯度镀层具有较低的摩擦系数,磨损形貌较为平整,表面剥落少,表现出较好的耐摩擦磨损性能. 相似文献