频散可控格式的一种推广形式及其在爆轰波马赫反射中应用

频散可控格式是高精度捕捉激波的新格式.对原有频散可控格式(DCD)进行了推广,给出了适用于网格点排列不规则情况下的DCD格式,使其具有更广泛的适应性,在此基础上构造了在非结构三角形网格下的DCD格式.用一些典型算例对推广后的DCD格式进行检验,结果表明该格式是合理和可靠的,并能够较好地保留原有DCD格式的二阶精度.把推广后的DCD格式和具有8种组分和20个化学反应的基元反应模型相结合,对氢氧爆轰波在直管道中的传播问题及楔面上马赫反射问题进行计算,计算结果和实验结果比较表明,在非结构三角形网格下的DCD格式能够有效地捕捉爆轰波,在爆轰波阵面上不会产生振荡或是抹平间断现象.     

在非交错网格上求解非正交曲线坐标系下N-S方程

介绍一种在非交错网格上,求解非正交曲线坐标系下的流动控制方程的方法。为解决在三维非正交曲线坐标系下采用非交错网格时所遇到的压力波动问题,将一种网格界面速度插值方法进行推广,并导出了相应的计算公式。运用所建立的方法对90°方截面弯管流动问题进行了数值模拟。结果是令人满意的,从而表明计算方法及所开发程序的可靠性。     

用自适应流线网格计算定常超声速流场

提出一个用自适应流线网格计算定常超声速流场的数值方法。Friedrichs-Lax格式推广到任意四边形网格,在迭代过程中得到速度场后,从流线方程计算流线的位置,最后算出由本方法得到高分辨率结果     

GENERALIZED DIFFERENCE METHODS ON ARBITRARY QUADRILATERAL NETWORKS

1.IntroductionConsidertheboundaryvalueproblemofthePoissonequationwherefiisaconvexpolygonregon;r~OfftheboundaryofOandf(x,y)aknownfunctiononfi.Thegeneralizeddifferencemethodsonquadrilateralnetworksforellipticequationsareproposedin[11],'wheretheconverge...     

Routing multiterminal nets on a hexagonal grid

Channel routing is a vital task in the layout design of VLSI circuits. Multiterminal channel routing is different from two-terminal one. While the later is quite understood, the former still poses the difficulty. In this paper, we investigate the multiterminal channel routing problem in a hexagonal model, whose grid is composed of horizontal tracks, right tracks (with slope +60°), and left tracks (with slope −60°). We present an efficient algorithm for routing multiterminal nets on a channel of width d + 3, where d is the problem density. Furthermore, we can wire the layout produced by the router using four layers and there are no overlaps among different layers. This improves the previous known results [15, 19].     

PISO算法在求解方柱绕流非定常尾迹中的应用

应用PISO算法及非交错斜交网格技术,编制了求解二维定常、非定常流动的通用程序。计算分析了定常不可压缩Couette流动以及水平通道内方柱绕流尾迹的非定常流动,并详细分析了不同时刻方柱后尾迹的旋涡结构及发展过程,得到了合理的结果。验证了非迭代PISO算法及非交错斜交网格在分析非定常流动中的有效性,为进一步开展非定常流动的数值分析奠定了基础．     

Unstructured Adaptive Grid Flow Simulations of Inert and Reactive Gas Mixtures

Unstructured adaptive grid flow simulation is applied to the calculation of high-speed compressible flows of inert and reactive gas mixtures. In the present case, the flowfield is simulated using the 2-D Euler equations, which are discretized in a cell-centered finite volume procedure on unstructured triangular meshes. Interface fluxes are calculated by a Liou flux vector splitting scheme which has been adapted to an unstructured grid context by the authors. Physicochemical properties are functions of the local mixture composition, temperature, and pressure, which are computed using the CHEMKIN-II subroutines. Computational results are presented for the case of premixed hydrogen–air supersonic flow over a 2-D wedge. In such a configuration, combustion may be triggered behind the oblique shock wave and transition to an oblique detonation wave is eventually obtained. It is shown that the solution adaptive procedure implemented is able to correctly define the important wave fronts. A parametric analysis of the influence of the adaptation parameters on the computed solution is performed.     

The implementation of an aeronautical CFD flow code onto distributed memory parallel systems

The parallelization of an industrially important in‐house computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code for calculating the airflow over complex aircraft configurations using the Euler or Navier–Stokes equations is presented. The code discussed is the flow solver module of the SAUNA CFD suite. This suite uses a novel grid system that may include block‐structured hexahedral or pyramidal grids, unstructured tetrahedral grids or a hybrid combination of both. To assist in the rapid convergence to a solution, a number of convergence acceleration techniques are employed including implicit residual smoothing and a multigrid full approximation storage scheme (FAS). Key features of the parallelization approach are the use of domain decomposition and encapsulated message passing to enable the execution in parallel using a single programme multiple data (SPMD) paradigm. In the case where a hybrid grid is used, a unified grid partitioning scheme is employed to define the decomposition of the mesh. The parallel code has been tested using both structured and hybrid grids on a number of different distributed memory parallel systems and is now routinely used to perform industrial scale aeronautical simulations. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

An unstructured grid,three‐dimensional model based on the shallow water equations

A semi‐implicit finite difference model based on the three‐dimensional shallow water equations is modified to use unstructured grids. There are obvious advantages in using unstructured grids in problems with a complicated geometry. In this development, the concept of unstructured orthogonal grids is introduced and applied to this model. The governing differential equations are discretized by means of a semi‐implicit algorithm that is robust, stable and very efficient. The resulting model is relatively simple, conserves mass, can fit complicated boundaries and yet is sufficiently flexible to permit local mesh refinements in areas of interest. Moreover, the simulation of the flooding and drying is included in a natural and straightforward manner. These features are illustrated by a test case for studies of convergence rates and by examples of flooding on a river plain and flow in a shallow estuary. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Considerations on the spring analogy

This paper presents an investigation on the spring analogy. The spring analogy serves for deformation in a moving boundary problem. First, two different kinds of springs are discussed: the vertex springs and the segment springs. The vertex spring analogy is originally used for smoothing a mesh after mesh generation or refinement. The segment spring analogy is used for deformation of the mesh in a moving boundary problem. The difference between the two methods lies in the equilibrium length of the springs. By means of an analogy to molecular theory, the two theories are generalized into a single theory that covers both. The usual choice of the stiffness of the spring is clarified by the mathematical analysis of a representative one‐dimensional configuration. The analysis shows that node collision is prevented when the stiffness is chosen as the inverse of the segment length. The observed similarity between elliptic grid generation and the spring analogy is also investigated. This investigation shows that both methods update the grid point position by a weighted average of the surrounding points in an iterative manner. The weighting functions enforce regularity of the mesh. Based on these considerations, several improvements on the spring analogy are developed. The principle of Saint Venant is circumvented by a boundary correction. The prevention of inversion of triangular elements is improved by semi‐torsional springs. The numerical results show the superiority of the segment spring analogy over the vertex one for a small rotation of an NACA0012 mesh. The boundary correction allows for large deformation of the mesh, where the standard spring analogy fails. The final test is performed on a Navier–Stokes mesh. This mesh contains high aspect ratio mesh cells near the boundary. Large deformation of this mesh shows that the semi‐torsional spring improvement is imperative to retain the validity of this mesh. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.