Mesh Simplification Using an Area-Based Distortion Measure

A new area-based mesh simplification algorithm is described. The proposed algorithm removes the center vertex of a polygon which consists of faces and represents that polygon with faces. A global search method is adapted that iteratively determines which vertex is to be removed using the proposed area-based distortion measurement. Although the global search method requires more computations compared to a local search method, it guarantees better quality of approximation. Various re-triangulations are also considered to improve the perceptual quality of the final approximation. From multiple re-triangulations, one with minimum distortion is selected to represent the original mesh. Experimental results demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithm for data reduction while maintaining the quality of the rendered objects.*This work was supported by McMaster Manufacturing Research Institute (MMRI).     

MOVING MODEL ANALYSIS OF THE INITIAL COMPRESSION WAVE IN TUNNEL FOR HIGH-SPEED TRAINS1)

利用动模型实验方法,主要研究列车头型横截面变化对初始压缩波的影响。结果表明,在列车最大横截面积和流线型部分长度相同的情况下,列车头部流线型部分的平均横截面积和截面变化率均会对初始压缩波的压力峰值产生影响,平均横截面积决定了初始压缩波形成时的强度大小,截面变化率则通过影响初始压缩波的压力梯度,决定在隧道传播过程中初始压缩波压力峰值的衰减程度。     

Experimental and modeling study of the autoignition characteristics of commercial diesel under engine-relevant conditions

Knowledge of the autoignition characteristics of diesel fuels is of great importance for understanding the combustion performance in engines and developing surrogate fuels. Here ignition delays of China's stage 6 diesel, a commercial fuel, were measured in a heated rapid compression machine (RCM) under engine-relevant conditions. Gas-phase autoignition experiments were carried out at equivalence ratios ranging from 0.37 to 1.0, under compressed pressures of 10, 15, and 20?bar, and within a temperature range of 685–865?K. In all investigated conditions, negative temperature coefficient (NTC) behavior of the total ignition delays is observed. The autoignition of the diesel fuel exhibits pronounced two-stage characteristics with strong low-temperature reactivity. Experimental results indicate that the total ignition delays shorten with increasing compressed pressure, oxygen mole fraction and fuel mole fraction. The first-stage ignition delays are mainly controlled by compressed temperature and also affected by oxygen mole fraction and compressed pressure but show a very weak dependence on fuel mole fraction. Correlations describing the first-stage ignition delay and the total ignition delay were proposed to further clarify the ignition delay dependence on the multiple factors. Additionally, it is found that the newly measured ignition delays well coincide with and complement the diesel ignition data in the literature. A recently developed diesel mechanism was used to simulate the diesel autoignition on the RCM. The simulation results are found to agree well the experimental measurements over the whole temperature ranges. Species concentration analysis and brute force sensitivity analysis were also conducted to identify the crucial species and reactions controlling the autoignition of the diesel fuel.     

密封圈低温压缩永久变形测量方法的研究

设计制作了一整套带光学系统的低温压缩永久变形测量系统,应用于密封圈低温环境下的高度测量,实现密封圈低温压缩永久变形测量过程自动化,与国家标准中规定的手动式橡胶试样测量方法相比较,提高测量效率和实用价值.     

Responsive hydrogel colloids: Structure,interactions, phase behavior,and equilibrium and nonequilibrium transitions of microgel dispersions

Soft and responsive colloids based on polymer hydrogels have moved into the focus of the colloid community. This review gives a brief overview of the recent literature on the structure and phase behavior of neutral and ionic poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgel dispersions from dilute to over-packed conditions, focusing in particular on the ability of these particles to adapt their size and shape in response to external stimuli. The review is hierarchical; it first covers the aspects of an individual microgel particle viz., the internal structure of inhomogeneous and homogeneously cross-linked particles, followed by studies of ensembles of particles covering in particular structural ordering, phase behavior, and liquid–solid and solid–solid transitions. Insights on the ability of the microgel particles to deform, compress, and interpenetrate beyond the close-packed volume fractions are discussed. Building complex architectures using microgel particles for fundamental studies as well as future applications is reviewed towards the end of the article.     

量子等离激元管中窥豹

等离激元是金属中自由电子的集体振荡,其在物理,生物、化学、能源、信息等领域具有重要的应用前景.近些年来对等离激元量子效应研究的深入开展使得等离激元研究迈入了新阶段.本文首先简要介绍了等离激元的两个基本特性:光压缩效应和局域电场增强效应;随后回顾了量子等离激元方面的最新的进展,包括量子纠缠效应,量子尺寸效应,量子遂穿效应,等离激元在台阶势垒处的反射与激发,等离激元对电子相干效应的增强;最后对量子等离激元研究进行了总结和展望.     

方钢管型钢再生混凝土组合短柱轴压性能非线性分析

在方钢管型钢再生混凝土组合短柱轴心受压试验研究的基础上,选择合理的再生混凝土和钢材本构模型,结合现有结构非线性分析理论,采用Abaqus有限元软件建立该组合短柱的有限元模型,并对该短柱轴压性能进行全过程非线性分析。主要研究其破坏形态、应力分布及荷载-应变关系曲线,分析再生骨料取代率、方钢管宽厚比、型钢配钢率和再生混凝土强度对该短柱轴压性能的影响规律,并将其与试验结果进行对比,同时对短柱进行有限元参数分析。结果表明,有限元计算结果与试验结果吻合较好,该有限元模型能较好地模拟方钢管型钢再生混凝土组合短柱轴压性能;组合柱轴向承载力随再生骨料取代率的增加而有所降低,而随方钢管宽厚比、型钢配钢率和再生混凝土强度的增加而增加。总体上看,该组合短柱承载力高,变形能力较好,研究结论可为方钢管型钢再生混凝土组合柱的工程应用提供一定参考。     

利用单轴压强下的电阻变化研究铁基超导体中的向列涨落

铁基超导体中普遍存在着反铁磁、超导和向列相,因此研究向列相的性质及其与反铁磁、超导的关系对于理解铁基超导体的低能物理及高温超导电性具有非常重要的作用.所谓向列相是指电子态自发破缺了晶格的面内四重旋转对称性而形成的有序态,从而导致样品的某些物理性质出现了两重的各向异性.我们通过自主研发的单轴压强装置,可以在低温下原位改变压强,测量电阻的变化,从而得到向列极化率.本文介绍了我们利用该装置在最近几年研究铁基超导体的向列相和向列涨落所取得的一些成果,包括详细研究了BaFe_(2-x)Ni_xAs_2体系中的向列量子临界点及其量子临界涨落,并提出了基于向列涨落强弱调节的铁基超导体统一相图.这些结果表明,向列相及其涨落与反铁磁和超导均有很强的耦合,对于理解铁基超导体中磁性和超导电性非常关键.     

A theoretical study of the mechanism with variable compression ratio and expansion ratio

In recent years, due to global energy crisis, many governments have reduced emission of carbon dioxide by regulations, which make improving e?ciency of engines an important topic. Carmakers have focused on an energy-saving measure called variable compression ratio (VCR) because it suits related technologies with high e?ciency easily. Among numerous VCR mechanisms, one with eccentric sleeve should draw people’s attention, because it could vary both compression ratio and expansion ratio simultaneously, and also bring excellent energy-saving performance with Atkinson effect, which make the mechanism a rather promising measure in fuel reduction. This paper presents a theoretical study of the mechanism piston movement process, then a discussion about effects of the eccentric phase and bore-to-stroke ratio. The result shows that the mechanism has similar piston movement processes with conventional engines. A proper eccentric phase and a lower bore-to-stroke ratio are suitable to the mechanism because of a larger VCR range and enhanced Atkinson effect. The conclusion could be a necessary reference for the original dimension selection and quite essential to further improve the competitiveness of the mechanism.     

200 Hz高重复频率SBS脉宽压缩实验研究

受激布里渊散射(SBS)脉宽压缩是实现高峰值功率、短脉冲激光输出的重要途径之一,然而,目前SBS脉宽压缩仅限于1~10 Hz低重复频率激光器,限制了高重频短脉冲激光器在激光雷达、空间碎片探测以及目标成像等领域的应用。基于此,开展了高重复频率下的SBS脉宽压缩实验研究。设计搭建了高重复频率的主振荡放大激光器,开展了SBS二次级联脉宽压缩和SBS振荡放大双池脉宽压缩实验。通过SBS二次级联压缩实现了脉冲宽度从~32 ns压缩到~1.9 ns,脉宽压缩比达16倍;而通过SBS振荡放大双池结构实现了脉冲宽度从~4 ns压缩到376 ps,脉宽压缩比达10倍。实验结果表明,采用该超净封闭型SBS相位共轭镜,在Stokes光输出能量达50 m J时,无光学击穿现象,实现了在200 Hz高重复频率下的SBS脉宽压缩。