光学速调管的自发辐射计算

光学速调管自发辐射的结果是鉴定其性能的指标之一。根据合肥同步辐射环上采用的光学速调管和实测的磁场数据,计算了单能电子束和具有不同能散度电子束的自发辐射谱及相应的小信号增益谱,结果表明光学速调管的性能是好的。     

晶体摆动场的辐射衰减与能量增益

由于晶体弯曲、电子多重散射和晶格热振动引起的粒子退道,辐射同原子相互作用引起的电离损失,以及系统非线性引起的全局分叉与混沌行为等,晶体摆动场辐射面临的问题比自由电子激光要复杂得多。首先,引入晶体摆动场自发辐射谱分布,并在简谐近似下讨论了运动方程、系统增益和能量衰减。结果表明:一般情况下辐射谱只有少数几条谱线,而在简谐近似下,谱线只有一条。其次,指出了辐射能量比较高时,衰减是主要的,选择的晶体长度必须小于衰减长度,且可选择正电子或质子作炮弹;当辐射能量比较低时,退道是主要的,选择的晶体长度必须小于退道长度,且可选择重离子作炮弹。     

波荡器位相误差对自由电子激光

 对波荡器位相误差对自由电子激光小信号增益的影响进行了分析讨论。对低增益情况解析地给出了波荡器位相误差引起的增益降低因子。结果表明：与自发辐射类似增益的降低与位相误差的方差成简单的指数关系,位相误差的线性变化部分引起最大增益的位移,还表明波荡器位相误差存在时Madey定理仍然成立。对高增益情况也给出了波荡器位相误差引起的增益降低因子。     

晶体摆动场辐射系统的全局分叉与混沌行为

引入正弦平方势,在经典力学框架内和偶极近似下,考虑到运动阻尼和非线性影响,把粒子在晶体摆动场中的运动方程化为具有阻尼项和受迫项的广义摆方程.利用Jacob椭圆函数和椭圆积分分析了无扰动系统的相平面特征,并解析地给出了系统的解和粒子振动周期; 进一步利用Melnikov方法分析相平面上三类轨道的分叉性质和进入Smale马蹄意义下的混沌行为,找到系统的全局分叉与系统进入混沌的临界条件.结果表明,系统的临界条件与它的物理参数有关,只需适当调节这些参数就可以原则上避免、抑制分叉或混沌的出现.关键词：晶体摆动场辐射Melnikov方法分叉混沌     

上海光源低温波荡器永磁铁在低温下的磁特性研究

用综合物性测量系统测试了国产Nd₂Fe₁₄B (N50M)永磁铁在低温下(10–300 K)的M-H和M-T. 获得了N50M剩磁B_r和内禀矫顽力H_ci在低温下的变化图, 对其取向度和三维磁化强度进行了分析研究. 结果表明, N50M在80–150 K发生强烈自旋再取向效应, B_r在120–130 K出现峰值, H_ci随温度下降呈线性增加. 在130 K, B_r和H_ci分别比常温(300 K)增加15.6%和220%, 达到1.65 T和3638 kA/m. 在150–300 K, 随温度下降, N50M宏观取向度与外磁场均匀性逐步改善, 但在80–235 K, 微观外磁场均匀性恶化.实验研究发现, 235 K附近, N50M垂直取向方向呈现“剩余磁化强度跳跃”. 研究结果为上海光源Ⅱ期低温波荡器及其他高精度低温永磁仪器与设备的物理设计提供了参考.关键词：低温波荡器2Fe₁₄B永磁铁')\" href=\"#\">Nd₂Fe₁₄B永磁铁低温磁特性     

混合型波荡器的3维优化

 以波荡器辐射波和共振电子能及混合型波荡器的解析计算为基础,通过3维磁场的有限元计算,在欧洲光源横向优化基础上,给出了同步辐射和自由电子激光用混合型波荡器纵向优化参数,进而给出了用于DUV FEL混合型波荡器的设计计算参数。加侧位和顶部永磁块后,峰值磁场分别提高到0.722T和0.773T,辅助以1μm量级分辨率的磁间隙调节机械系统,磁场分辨率好于10^-4T量级。     

First observation of natural circular dichroism spectra in the extreme ultraviolet region using a polarizing undulator‐based optical system and its polarization characteristics

Natural circular dichroism (CD) spectra in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) region down to a wavelength of 80 nm have been observed for the first time, using an alanine thin film deposited on sodium salicylate coated glass as a sample. Calibrated EUV‐CD spectra of l ‐alanine exhibited a large negative peak at around 120 nm and a positive CD signal below 90 nm, which were roughly predicted by theoretical calculations. A CD measurement system with an Onuki‐type polarizing undulator was used to obtain the EUV‐CD spectra. This CD system, the development of which took five years, can be used to observe even weak natural CD spectra. The polarization characteristics of this system were also evaluated in order to calibrate the recorded CD spectra.     

Physical design of a wavelength tunable fully coherent VUV source using a self-seeding free electron laser

In order to meet the requirements of the synchrotron radiation users, a fully coherent VUV free electron laser （FEL） has been preliminarily designed. One important goal of this design is that the radiation wavelength can be easily tuned in a broad range （70 170 nm）. In the light of the users＇ demand and our actual conditions, the self-seeding scheme is adopted for this proposal. Firstly, we attempted to fix the electron energy and only changed the undulator gap to vary the radiation wavelength; however, our analysis implies that this is difficult because of the great difference of the power gain length and FEL efficiency at different wavelengths. Therefore, we have considered dividing the wavelength range into three subareas. In each subarea, a constant electron energy is used and the wavelength tuning is realized only by adjusting the undulator gap. The simulation results show that this scheme has an acceptable performance.     

An analysis of undulator optimization in self-seeding free electron lasers

A simple analysis is given for the optimum length of undulator in a self-seeding free electron laser （FEL）. The obtained relations show the correlation between the undulator length and the system parameters. The power required for the seeding in the second part of the undulator and the overall efficiency of monochromatizating the seeding determine the length of the first part of the undulator; the magnitude of seeding power dominates the length of the second part of the undulator; the whole length of the undulator in a self-seeding FEL is determined by the overall efficiency for getting coherent seed, and is about half as long again as that of SASE, not including the dispersion section. The requirement of the dispersion section strength is also analyzed.     

Transmission‐mode diamond white‐beam position monitor at NSLS

Two transmission‐mode diamond X‐ray beam position monitors installed at National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) beamline X25 are described. Each diamond beam position monitor is constructed around two horizontally tiled electronic‐grade (p.p.b. nitrogen impurity) single‐crystal (001) CVD synthetic diamonds. The position, angle and flux of the white X‐ray beam can be monitored in real time with a position resolution of 500 nm in the horizontal direction and 100 nm in the vertical direction for a 3 mm × 1 mm beam. The first diamond beam position monitor has been in operation in the white beam for more than one year without any observable degradation in performance. The installation of a second, more compact, diamond beam position monitor followed about six months later, adding the ability to measure the angular trajectory of the photon beam.