The Method of Angular Line to Calculate Eigenvalues for Microstrip Antennas

The method of angular line (MAL) is presented for calculating the resonant frequency of microstrip antenna, which is available in other literature and originally used to analyze various waveguide structure. The results obtained by using this method are in conformity with those reported elsewhere.     

Novel Broadband Reflectarray Antenna with Windmill-Shaped Elements for Millimeter-Wave Application

A novel broadband millimeter-wave reflectarray antenna composed of windmill-shaped elements of variable lengths is proposed. Compared to the conventional single-layer reflectarray elements, the windmill-shaped elements can realize much larger phase variation range (over 600°), leading to broader bandwidth. Using this technique, a 15°-beam-steering reflectarray operating at 30 GHz is designed. The computed results demonstrate the agreement of the main beam steering with the design requirement, and a 1-dB gain bandwidth close to 20% is obtained. The validity of the obtained results is verified by comparing the ones generated by Ansoft High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) with those produced by Ansoft Designer. The antenna is useful for millimeter-wave applications. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 90505001), the High-Tech Research and Development Program of China (No. 2006AA01Z275), and the Creative Research Group Program of UESTC.     

A Novel Implementation Technique of Conical Scan Radar Using A Programmable Phased Array

In radar, planar phased array antenna plays vital role in electronic scanning in the azimuth and elevation direction to the horizon. In most operations using planar phased array both the coordinates of azimuth and elevation, are steered electronically. In this paper a conceptual schematic of a phased array antenna with programmable time delay units has been presented. It is shown that by suitably exploiting the time delay matrix one can have electronic beam rotation around the target axis as required in conical scan. Thus both the elevation and azimuth motors in conical scan system are replaced by electronic scanning. Heuristically, we have selected eight consecutive points for beam rotation in a polygon shape and can also be extended almost circular shape by increasing number of array elements and phase shifter (delays) in the delay matrix. The array requires dual control of phase gradient and individual phase values. The whole array is controlled by micro-controller. This presents exciting possibilities in radar operation.     

Development and Application of Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography Method to the Quantification of the Biotransformation of Methyl Paraben in Eisenia foetida

A simple and quick ultra performance liquid chromatography method (UPLC) has been developed for determination of methyl paraben (MP) and its major metabolites p‐hydroxybenzoic acid (pHBA) and phenol (Phe), following its biotransformations in Eisenia foetida. After different exposure time to paper contact test, the presence of methyl paraben and his biotransformation products in adult earthworms was monitored. Determination of its metabolites was achieved with a BEH (bridged ethane‐silicon hybrid) C₁₈ column (2.1×50 mm i.d., 1.7 µm particle size), using methanol/water/phosphoric acid as mobile phase, under a gradient elution program, and a PDA (photo‐diode array) detection (quantification with MaxPlot in the range 210–400 nm). The absorption of MP did not exceed 30% and in the first 4–6 h after exposure only minute amounts of pHBA and Phe were detected in the worm homogenates. After 48 h of exposures, almost 70% of absorbed MP was already metabolized to Phe and around 20% could be found as pHBA.     

Analysis of Electromagnetic Scattering from Plasma Antenna Using CG-FFT Method

A gaseous plasma column as an efficient radiator of electromagnetic waves is well known. This paper presents the scattering analysis of a plasma antenna using the conjugate gradient fast Fourier transform (CG-FFT) method. Radar cross sections (RCS) of designed plasma antenna for different plasma parameters are computed mainly. Numerical results show that the plasma antenna with appropriate parameters can offer lower RCS than the metal one. It is evident from the observed scattering characteristics that the plasma antenna can be regarded as a rod of imperfect conductor with losses.     

Terahertz planar antennas for future wireless communication: A technical review

With the monotonic increasing demand of the higher bandwidth for the next generation wireless communication system, the extension of the operating frequency of the communication system to the millimeter/Terahertz wave regime of the electromagnetic spectrum where several low-attenuation windows exist is inevitable. However, before the commercial implementation of the wireless communication in these low-attenuation windows, there are various obstacles which need to be addressed by the scientists and researchers. The atmospheric path loss is the main obstacle to the full-fledged implementation of the terahertz wireless communication. The remedy to this problem is the use of high-power sources, efficient detectors and high gain antenna systems. This paper reviews these technical issues with the special attention to the planar antennas which might contribute to the compact, inexpensive, and low profile future terahertz wireless communication system design.     

磷玻璃宽带调Q激光器

本文提出采用两片尖峰简并型共振反射器作为磷玻璃振荡器的耦合输出镜,利用其反射调制包络特性,实现了带宽100(?)的激光输出方案,并获得了成功,实验分析了宽带输出特性.     

主三镜一体化离轴三反光学天线设计

为提高空间激光通信离轴三反光学天线的装调效率,需要对反射镜总的装调自由度进行优化设计。基于共轴三反无焦系统的设计原理,提出一种主三镜一体化的设计方法,并推导了光学系统结构参数之间的关系,利用Zemax光学软件设计了一种结构紧凑、主三镜一体化的离轴三反光学天线。设计结果表明:全视场光学像质优于衍射极限,主镜和三镜空间位置相接近,可共母板加工和面形共基准检测,为主三镜的一体化加工提供了方法。光学天线的装调自由度减少了6个,降低了装调难度,提高了装调效率。     

Absence of magnetic order in dichloro [1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane] nickel~(2+) single crystal

Dichloro [1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino) ethane] nickel~(2+)(Ni Cl_2(dppe)) is an organic compound containing C_(26)H_(24)P_2(dppe) molecules and Cl-, Ni~(2+)ions. The large-size Ni Cl_2(dppe) single crystals with longest dimension of4 mm were grown by the method of slow evaporation of organic solution. Single crystal x-ray diffraction spectrum indicates that the single crystal is of high quality. Magnetization results of the Ni Cl_2(dppe) single crystals show an anisotropic paramagnetism behavior and diamagnetic background, which come from Ni~(2+) ions and benzene ring, respectively. However, according to the specific heat results with temperature down to 0.1 K and magnetic field up to 14 T, no expected field-induced quantum phase transition was observed in Ni Cl_2(dppe) single crystals.     

饮料中红花黄色素的固相萃取/超高效液相色谱-质谱测定

利用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联四极杆质谱法对从红花中提取纯化的红花黄色素进行结构分析,其包含对羟基红花黄A(34.0%)、红花黄A(27.4%)、脱水红花黄B(23.2%)和红花黄C(8.3%)4种主要成分。建立了测定碳酸类、果汁类饮料中4种色素成分的SPE/UPLC检测方法。利用大孔吸附树脂作为填料,自制SPE固相萃取柱,对饮料中的红花黄色素进行吸附解吸,通过优化固相萃取条件,使得各组分的回收率为84%~116%,相对标准偏差为0.78%~6.6%。各组分在0.40~17 mg/L范围内具有良好的线性关系,线性系数均不小于0.998 8。