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21.
After carefull analysis in a turbulent zero-pressure gradient flow, various simple algebraic turbulence models were applied to the almost separated flow on the upperside of an airfoil at incidence. The Johnson-King and Horton non-equilibrium (or rate equation) models give clearly improved results. 相似文献
22.
1引言分离流动经常出现在许多实际流动中,对流体机械和飞行器产生重大影响。但由于这种流动具有方向性,变化快,给测量带来了困难。到目前为止,主要有以下三种测量方法:山激光多普勒测速治(*D川;(2)飞行热线(F坊In含*。卜w让e);O)脉冲热线技术(PulsedAVire。‘脉冲热线”比“激光多普勒测速仪”价格低一个数量级,操作简单,是一种比较理想的测量技术。其原理最初由Baner山提出,随后经过BradburyP],Eaton问,Castro*和Fernholz问等人不断发展与完善,目前国外正推广应用在分离流动的研究中。但在国内,尚不多见其… 相似文献
23.
Optical heterodyne magnetic rotation enhanced velocity modulation spectroscopy was employed to observe the visible absorption spectra of the B^2Σ^+_u-X^2Σ^+_g electronic transition of C^-_2. Four hot bands (0,1), (1,2), (2,3) and (3,4) have been observed and the band (3,4) is measured directly for the first time, so far as we know, by absorption. A rotational analysis was carried out to obtain molecular constants. With the Franck-Condon principle and the vibrational Boltzmann distribution, we have estimated the vibrational temperature of C^-_2 to be about 3000K. 相似文献
24.
25.
R. S. Kaler 《Fiber and Integrated Optics》2006,25(1):41-57
In this article, the comparison of large signal theory and small signal theory has been done with dispersive propagation of optical signal with IMDD (Intensity Modulation Direct Detection) systems for semiconductor lasers with higher-order dispersion terms. The expressions for an exact large signal theory and small signal theory including higher-order dispersion terms for propagation of an optical wave with sinusoidal amplitude and frequency modulation in a dispersive fiber have been derived. It is observed that small signal theory is more sensitive compared to large signal theory in terms of intensity modulation/direct detection systems. Also, it is reported that for large signal analysis the higher-order effects of dispersion can be ignored, whereas for small signal theory, the higher-order effects can be ignored for lower modulation frequencies only. The variation in the transfer function for various values of modulation indices are greater for small signal analysis than for large signal analysis. Also, as the intensity modulation index is increased, there is a decrease in the value of transfer function. The large signal model approximates the small signal model for lower values of the intensity modulation index. 相似文献
26.
J. Fang 《Optics & Laser Technology》1991,23(6):349-352
A rotational mismatch of gratings is used to generate a fringe carrier of an in-plane moiré pattern so that specimen deformation shows itself in the form of modulation of the carrier frequency. As both the unmodulated and modulated carriers are the patterns without fringe-loop or fringe-connection, they are automatically numbered with monotonical increasing orders by a digital image processing system without any ambiguity. The orders at every pixel of the image are determined by interpolation of the orders of the tracked fringes to establish two grey image files, from the difference of which, the orders of the in-plane displacement moiré are displayed with grey-level variation. 相似文献
27.
利用傅里叶光学理论,证明了一种新型波面传感器——旋转软刀口波面传感器的概念.在经典刀口法的刀口区,以渐变透过率代替突变透过率函数,在光瞳象面上可获得反映光瞳面位置待测波面位相梯度及位相梯度方向的调制信号.文中给出了实验结果和讨论. 相似文献
28.
Nd:YAG激光器中的自锁模 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
本文报道在Nd:YAG激光器中首次获得的自锁模脉冲序列.自锁模是由于Nd:YAG棒中的自相位调制引起的.在主被动对撞锁模运转情况下,自锁模对脉冲波形有较大的影响. 相似文献
29.
Among the salient features of shear-driven plane Couette flow is the constancy of the total shear stress (viscous and turbulent) across the flow. This constancy gives rise to a quasi-homogenous core region, which makes the bulk of the flow substantially different from pressure-driven Poiseuille flow. The present second-moment closure study addresses the conflicting hypotheses relating to turbulent Couette flow. The inclusion of a new wall-proximity function in the wall-reflection part of the pressure-strain model seems mandatory, and the greement with recent experimental and direct numerical simulation (DNS) results is encouraging. Analysis of model computations in the range 750 ≤ Re ≤ 35,000 and comparisons with low-Re DNS data suggest that plane Couette flow exhibits a local-equilibrium core region, in which anisotropic, homogeneous turbulence prevails. However, the associated variation of the mean velocity in the core, as obtained by the model, conflicts with the intuitively appealing assumption of homogeneous mean shear. The constancy of the velocity gradient exhibited by the DNS therefore signals a deficiency in the modeled transport equation for the energy dissipation rate. 相似文献
30.