三羰基铬苯乙烯甲酰衍生物的质谱研究

近年来,随着对金属有机化合物的研究的不断深入,人们对它们的兴趣已由对结构、化学性质的探讨而扩展到对物理性质的研究,如磁性质、导电性、光学性质,并从中发现某些金属有机化合物,如某些芳基三羰基铬络合物及二     

用理学3064X荧光仪分析碳

在理学３０６４Ｘ荧光仪上采用十八烷基马来酸（ＯＨＭ）晶体作为色散单元，通过改造电路，调整晶体倾角，获得对碳分析的良好线性，在流气正比计数器（ＦＰＣ）窗膜分别为５μｍ和０．６μｍ条件下，碳元素的峰背比分别达到３８．９１和５４．０４。作者分析了白口铸铁和碳化硅中的碳，结果表明在理学３０６４Ｘ荧光仪上定量分析碳是可行了，具有快速、简便、准确、多元素同时分析的特点，可用于日常分析     

Astragalus membranaceus ultrafine powder alleviates hyperuricemia by regulating the gut microbiome and reversing bile acid and adrenal hormone biosynthesis dysregulation

Ethnopharmacological relevanceMetabolic syndrome is closely related to the intestinal microbiota and disturbances in the host metabolome. Hyperuricemia (HUA), a manifestation of metabolic syndrome, can induce various cardiovascular diseases and gout, seriously affecting a patient’s quality of life. Astragalus membranaceus has a long history as a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine to treat kidney disease in China and East Asia.Materials and methodsWe compared the therapeutic effect of benzbromarone and two different doses Astragalus membranaceus ultrafine powder (AMUP) in rats with HUA. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer was used to analyze the AMUP metabolism in the plasma, urine, and feces. Further, 16S ribosome RNA sequencing and feces metabolomic were performed to capture the variation of the gut microbiota and metabolites changes before and after drug administration.ResultsAMUP had a notable impact on reducing blood uric acid levels while protecting the liver and kidney. Drug metabolism analysis demonstrated that effective constituent flavonoids are distributed in the blood, whereas saponins remain in the intestine. Gut microbiota analysis showed that low-dose AMUP ameliorated HUA-induced gut dysbiosis by reducing the abundance of harmful bacteria and increasing that of some beneficial bacteria with anti-inflammatory properties, such as Clostridia, Lachnospiraceae, and Muribaculaceae. In addition, HUA-induced changes in metabolite contents in bile acid and adrenal hormone biosynthesis pathways were restored after treatment with AMUP.ConclusionLow-dose AMUP exerts remarkable therapeutic effects on HUA by regulating the gut microbiome and mediating gut metabolism pathways associated with uric acid excretion.     

Development of a miniature simultaneous MPT spectrometer

An unique miniature simultaneous microwave plasma torch (MPT) atomic emission spectrometer employing linear UV intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD) array detector has been developed and studied preliminarily. The detection limits and precisions of the spectrometer for Ag, Al, Ba, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Sr and V by using different CCD exposure times have been determined. An analysis of a practical sample has been carried out. The preliminary results demonstrate that such simultaneous spectrometer has advantages of saving sample and time, especially suitable for use as detector for chromatography and in combination with flow injection systems. Taking analytical figures of merit and portability into accounts, the miniature simultaneous MPT system will have extended application areas and greater competition potential as compared with commercialized scanning MPT spectrometers.     

聚苯基不对称三嗪的热分解

用高分辨裂解气相色谱－质谱（ＨＲＰｙＧＣ－ＭＳ）考察了由对苯二眯腙和四种不同芳香族四酮合成的聚苯基不对称三嗪的热分解行为，鉴定了相应裂解产物的组成、分布及其与高分子结构的关系，并用热重法（ＴＧ）测定了它们的热分解反应动力学参数，提出了其热分解反应机理．     

在线质谱仪在车内VOCs现场快速监测中的应用

挥发性有机物(VOCs)影响车内空气质量和驾乘者的身心健康。自主研发的在线挥发性有机物质谱仪(SPI-MS 2000),实现了有机物分子的单光子电离,产生无碎片的分子离子,可实现秒级响应,仪器的质量分辨率优于800 FWHM,质量精度优于0.02 amu,对甲苯的测定限优于3μg/m^3,且在3~8000μg/m^3范围内有良好的线性关系。将该仪器应用于某客车车内空气的在线检测:在5 s内检测到20多种微克~毫克每立方米量级的有机物。该仪器在车内VOCs现场快速监测方面有广泛的应用前景。     

Probing the Effects of Reagent Gas Pressure and Ion Source Temperature for Dimethyl Ether Chemical Ionization of Tricyclic Antidepressants in an External Source Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer

This study examines the reagent gas pressure and ion source temperature dependence for dimethyl ether chemical ionization (DME CI) mass spectra recorded with an external source ion trap mass spectrometer (ITMS). Information for better controls of the reagent gas pressure in order to obtain fair CI spectra is provided. The origin of M^+? ions observed in DME CIMS is discussed in detail. Furthermore, the ion source temperature effect on the DME CI is also investigated.     

Fourier transform spectroscopy using image sensors

Multichannel Fourier transform spectrometers utilizing image sensing devices are reviewed along with the instrumental design concepts. Although the idea itself is fairly simple, a photographic plate in holographic spectroscopy is replaced by an image sensor, there are stringent requirements to be satisfied in order to realize the system for field use. Mainly two types of the instrument, which are characterized by the Sagnac common-path interferometer and the polarization interferometer optics, respectively, are described with regard to their system performances. Examples of the system operation introduced show that Fourier transform spectrometers without mechanical moving parts play an important role in a variety of spectroscopic applications under severe surroundings. In a summary, methods for the resolution enhancement and comments on the signal-to-noise ratio are also included.     

PAMAM体型缩聚物的制备及其性能研究

以分子末端带有多官能度活泼端基的PAMAM等为原料 ,通过缩聚反应制备了一类新型体型缩聚物 .借助X射线光电子能谱仪 (XPS)对制备的体型缩聚物进行分析 ,利用其化学分析电子光谱 (ESCA)中碳元素价态的拟合数据判断体型缩聚反应进行的程度 ,数据表明酯基碳 (—COO)拟合峰已基本消失 ,说明其与氨基缩合反应转化为酰胺基 (—CON) ,且反应进行的比较彻底 .通过体型缩聚物在乙醇、正己烷、甲苯、氯仿、异丙醇、乙酸、甲酸、去离子水中进行溶胀试验 ,发现其在甲酸作为溶剂体系中的溶胀比出现最大值 ,根据溶度参数的意义估测体型缩聚物的溶度参数约为δ2 =2 7 6 (MJ m3) 1 2 (即甲酸的溶度参数 ) .对原料PAMAM以及制备的体型缩聚物进行DSC分析 ,发现制备体型缩聚物的玻璃化转变温度 (Tg)有了较大提高 ,从初始原料PAMAM的负值提高到 4 8℃左右 .     

含氢碳原子团簇的初步研究

介绍直接用激光溅射芳香化合物固态样品产生的含氢磷原子团簇离子（C_nH~＋_m），并用飞行时间质谱仪研究了其组成和结构．实验发现，在低质量区（n＝32－56）得到了具有奇偶碳原子数的含氢磷原子簇，而在高质量区（n＞100）除了得到纯碳原子簇以外，还得到了含氢碳原子簇．根据对实验结果的分析提出了两种结构模型：对低质量区的团簇，其结构为芳香基团与富勒烯笼状框架的复合体；对高质量区的团簇，其结构为蜗牛形与圆柱形的复合体．