工程教育认证背景下《高分子材料成型加工》教学模式探讨

随着高等工程教育改革和社会发展,工程教育认证已经在我国高等工程专业实施。工程教育认证是高等教育工程观的重要转变,主要倡导学生中心、产出导向、持续改进三个基本理念。本文介绍了常州大学高分子材料与工程专业的专业核心课程高分子材料成型加工的建设与教学改革做法,以学生为中心,以毕业要求达成为目标,从教学目的、教学内容、教学方法和手段、持续改进等方面深程度对课程进行改革与实践,积极探索以学生为主体的教学新模式。     

DlSlab实验系统在师范生技能训练中的应用

数字化信息系统实验室( Digital Information System Laboratory)(简称DISLab)的引入可以简化物理实验的操作、加快数据采集与处理的速度并提高精度,因此,将DISLab用于课堂演示和微课制作,可以使抽象的理论更加形象化、实验过程动态化,更易于学生对知识的理解和接受。本文以向心力研究实验为例,说明了通过DISLab实验的微课的设计和录制,可以训练物理师范生从学生视角出发,设计教学内容和教学思想、引导学生跟随实验过程进行思考,提高物理师范生的教学技能。     

基于WebGL的舰船模拟训练虚拟三维技术应用

由于目前国内的舰船模拟训练系统大多均为岸基模拟器,和半实物半仿真的应用模式,受制于该传统方式下系统通用性、可扩展性差,成本高等局限性;提出一种基于WebGL的舰船模拟训练虚拟三维环境,采用其应用框架Three.js图形引擎库在网页中绘制3D虚拟交互界面,可直接通过浏览器登录系统,从而给出了可跨平台免插件高效的舰船模拟训练界面;结果表明该方法在人机交互界面的友好性、监控的直观性、训练操作的便捷性、较强的沉浸性等方面具有优势,亦可推广应用于其他模拟训练领域。     

工科力学如何训练及培养学生探索未知的能力

本文介绍了作者在工科力学教学中进行的三层次训练与考核,并阐述了它们在训练及培养学生探索未知的能力方面的重要作用。     

Chaotic Dynamics in Weight Space of Neural Networks

When a special nonlinear self-feedback term is introduced into the dynamical equation of the backpropagation training algorithm for networks, the dynamics in weight space of networks can become chaotic. Chaotic dynamics of the system can help it escape from the most commonplace local minima of the energy. Simulation on the XOR problem and the prediction of chaotic time series have shown that the proposed chaotic training algorithm can converge to the global minimum or its approximate solutions efficiently and dramatically faster than the original backpropagation training algorithm.     

Vocal violence in actors: An investigation into its acoustic consequences and the effects of hygienic laryngeal release training

Acoustic analysis techniques were used to investigate the short-term consequences of vocally violent behavior, and to compare voice production before and after training in hygienic laryngeal release (HLR) techniques. Twenty-seven actors ranging in age from 17 to 48 years were audiorecorded before and after multiple productions of 4 vocally violent behaviors: grunting, groaning, sobbing, and shouting. After training in HLR techniques, the experimental protocol was repeated. Audiorecordings of vowels (produced at 3 pitch levels: modal F0, minimum F0, maximum F0) before and after vocal violence, and before and after HLR training, were analyzed using the Multidimensional Voice Program (4305, Kay Elemetrics Corp, Lincoln Park, NJ). After vocal violence, no consistent acoustic changes were detected for voice generated at modal and minimum F0; however, significant increases in both fundamental frequency range and maximum F0 were observed. After training in HLR techniques, acoustic measures sensitive to pitch and amplitude perturbation, and non-harmonic noise, improved across pitch levels. The results also indicated that vocal training does defend the laryngeal system from undesirable changes related to vocally violent maneuvers that might surface at the extremes of an actor's pitch range. Because the HLR technique used in this investigation was multimodal, interesting questions are raised regarding which aspect of training is primarily responsible for the observed effects. Further study is required to identify such factors.     

用人工神经网络方法研究高聚物的热力学性质

用前馈多层神经网络方法研究了高聚物的热力学性质.在本文的人工神经网络模型中,输入层为高聚物的密度ρ,缠结分子量M-e,玻璃化转变温度T-g,高聚物的高弹性模量G-N,钩状构像含量β和无扰均方末端距的特征比C-∞;输出层为高聚物比热C-p;隐含层的节点数为5.最后预测结果与实验结果非常接近,相对误差为2.2～5.4,这为研究高聚物的其它物理性质提供了一种新的方法.     

Mathematical Analysis of Reaction–Diffusion Equations Modeling the Michaelis–Menten Kinetics in a Micro-Disk Biosensor

In this study, we have investigated the mathematical model of an immobilized enzyme system that follows the Michaelis–Menten (MM) kinetics for a micro-disk biosensor. The film reaction model under steady state conditions is transformed into a couple differential equations which are based on dimensionless concentration of hydrogen peroxide with enzyme reaction (H) and substrate (S) within the biosensor. The model is based on a reaction–diffusion equation which contains highly non-linear terms related to MM kinetics of the enzymatic reaction. Further, to calculate the effect of variations in parameters on the dimensionless concentration of substrate and hydrogen peroxide, we have strengthened the computational ability of neural network (NN) architecture by using a backpropagated Levenberg–Marquardt training (LMT) algorithm. NNs–LMT algorithm is a supervised machine learning for which the initial data set is generated by using MATLAB built in function known as “pdex4”. Furthermore, the data set is validated by the processing of the NNs–LMT algorithm to find the approximate solutions for different scenarios and cases of mathematical model of micro-disk biosensors. Absolute errors, curve fitting, error histograms, regression and complexity analysis further validate the accuracy and robustness of the technique.     

药学院校有机化学课外拓展训练体系的建立与实践

为了培养高端应用型制药人才,建立了课外拓展训练体系与传统课堂教学相结合的新型教育模式。结合药学专业学科特点,根据有机化学课程的教学目的和要求,设立4个拓展方向,每个方向包含3个主题,组织学生利用课余时间完成拓展训练,撰写论文。对学生论文的分析表明,多数学生在论文中提出的观点符合设立拓展主题时期望学生通过训练所达成的理念。调查问卷显示,拓展训练能使学生的外语、阅读、写作及专业知识运用等普遍有所提高,为学生提供了可持续性学习的重要途径。     

纯净水生产车间建设及实践教学探索

高职院校实践教学平台的形式多样,校内生产性实训基地是其中之一。化学工程学院纯净水生产车间是陕西国防工业职业技术学院综合考虑化工专业的特殊性进行设计建设的。介绍了车间的设计与建设,描述了车间的运行及教学模式,认为车间的投入运行大大提高了学生的综合实践能力。