An extension of Tanner's results on uncontrolled intersections

A delay formula is developed for the problem, analyzed by Tanner in 1962, where two streams of traffic have conflicting demands at an intersection. The situation is such that the major stream has absolute priority and the minor stream vehicles can only enter the intersection when sufficiently large gaps appear in the major stream. This paper extends Tanner's work by considering a generalised stochastic structure on the arrival streams. The paper also links Tanner's work to other papers of this author where the utilitarian value of this generalised model has been established in a wide range of traffic problems.     

光突发交换网络中最长队列优先调度组装机制

提出了光突发交换网络中的最长队列优先调度（LQF-SA）机制,将边缘节点的突发组装和突发调度两种技术紧密结合在一起.在现实网络中,业务通常是非均匀分布的,即在某些源宿对之间存在更大的业务流量.仿真结果表明,LQF-SA机制可以很好地完成非均匀分布业务流的组装.即使在均匀分布业务流输入下,LQF-SA机制在突发大小分布、组装效率和突发丢失率等方面也优于已提出的轮询调度组装（RR-SA）机制.     

Scale-Free Properties in Traffic System

In this work, we propose a new model of evolution networks, which is based on the evolution of the traffic flow. In our method, the network growth does not take into account preferential attachment, and the attachment of new node is independent of the degree of nodes. Our aim is that employing the theory of evolution network, we give a further understanding about the dynamical evolution of the traffic flow. We investigate the probability distributions and scaling properties of the proposed model. The simulation results indicate that in the proposed model, the distribution of the output connections can be well described by scale-free distribution. Moreover, the distribution of the connections is largely related to the traffic flow states, such as the exponential distribution (i.e., the scale-free distribution) and random distribution etc.     

Context sensitive noise impact mapping

Apartments that are exposed to the same level of road traffic noise on front of the most exposed façade often have very different neighbourhood soundscapes. In the first part of this paper, a neighbourhood soundscape adjusted exposure indicator, NAL_den, is derived. NAL_den-values are designed to be used as input to traditional exposure-effect relationships to improve annoyance impact estimates. In the second part, generic spatial procedures are developed and implemented. These produce map presentations in the form of contiguous neighbourhood quality areas. The quality of each neighbourhood is determined from the predicted annoyance impacts for residents. Noise impact maps provide experts, politicians, and the public with high-level impact visualizations of condensed status, “what-if” and scenario information. Results and illustrations are based on data from the Norwegian socio-environmental survey database, and a comprehensive national noise mapping effort. The methodology should work well for mapping Europe’s “black” and “grey” areas.     

基于STAMP的航空管制空中危险目标识别方法研究

为了保证航空管制中航空器的完整性,提高航空器的使用寿命,并且可以最大限度的保障航空乘客和其他航空人员的人身安全,需要对航空管制空中危险目标进行识别。但采用当前目标识别方法对空中危险目标识别时,识别系统对空中危险目标无法稳定识别,存在空中危险目标识别精度低的问题。为此,提出一种基于STAMP的航空管制空中危险目标识别方法。该方法先利用STAMP模型对航空管制空中危险目标识别系统各组成部分进行任务分配,然后采用Harris法对空中危险目标进行特征选择和提取,依据Mean-Shift法的Bhattacharyya系数,描述候选空中危险目标和空中目标的危险概率分布相似度,随着Bhattacharyya系数的不断增加,候选空中危险目标和空中危险目标的相似度越大,使危险目标跟踪系统朝着空中目标危险密度增大的位置移动,在最优位置收敛,从而实现空中危险目标跟踪,最后利用D-S理论对跟踪结果进行识别,通过引入空中目标危险性基本概率赋值函数获得空中目标危险基本概率,采用Dempster组合规则对空中目标危险证据进行合成,依据空中危险目标证据融合结果完成对航空管制空中危险目标的识别。实验仿真证明,所提方法增强了航空管制空中危险目标识别的效果,提高了航空管制空中危险目标识别的精度。     

A Lattice Hydrodynamic Model for Traffic Flow Accounting for Driver Anticipation Effect of the Next-Nearest-Neighbor Site

In this paper, a new lattice hydrodynamic model is proposed by incorporating the driver anticipation effect of next-nearest-neighbor site. The linear stability analysis and nonlinear analysis show that the driver anticipation effect of next-nearest-neighbor site can enlarge the stable area of traffic flow. The space can be divided into three regions: stable, metastable, and unstable. Numerical simulation further illuminates that the driver anticipation effect of the next-nearest-neighbor site can stabilize traffic flow in our modified lattice model, which is consistent with the analytical results.     

智能交通系统的元胞自动机交通流模型

在Nagel-Schreckenberg(NS)模型的基础上，提出一种可应用智能交通系统（ITS）信息的新的交通流元胞自动机模型. 其中考虑了有效间距及刹车灯的作用，并引入了可变安全间距的新概念. 数值模拟表明：对于这种改进的ITS元胞自动机模型，道路交通量有了显著提高，体现了智能交通的优越性——有效地扩大交通流量，减少阻塞生成. 当考虑快车和慢车的混合交通流时，发现即使少量的慢车也会导致交通流量大幅度下降，说明了严格实施快慢道行驶的必要性. 关键词： 交通流 智能交通系统（ITS） 元胞自动机模型 刹车灯 可变安全间距     

A Cellular Automaton Model for Heterogeneous and Incosistent Driver Behavior in Urban Traffic

In this paper a cellular automaton model is proposed to describe driver behavior at a single-lane urban roundabout. Driver behavior has been considered as heterogeneous and inconsistent. Most traffic papers in the literature just discussed heterogeneous driver behavior, to our best knowledge. Two truncated Gaussian distributions are used to model heterogeneous and inconsistent driver behavior, respectively. The physical meanings of two truncated distributions are indicated. This method may help enhance a better understanding of driver behavior at roundabout traffic, and even possibly provide references for roundabout design and management.     

A Cellular Automaton Model for Heterogeneous and Incosistent Driver Behavior in Urban Traffic

In this paper a cellular automaton model is proposed to describe driver behavior at a single-lane urban roundabout. Driver behavior has been considered as heterogeneous and inconsistent. Most traffic papers in the literature just discussed heterogeneous driver behavior, to our best knowledge. Two truncated Gaussian distributions are used to model heterogeneous and inconsistent driver behavior, respectively. The physical meanings of two truncated distributions are indicated. This method may help enhance a better understanding of driver behavior at roundabout traffic, and even possibly provide references for roundabout design and management.     

Characteristics of synchronized traffic in mixed traffic flow

In this paper, the characteristics of synchronized traffic in mixed traffic flow are investigated based on the braking light model. By introducing the energy dissipation and the distribution of slowdown vehicles, the effects of the maximum velocity, the mixing ratio, and the length of vehicles on the synchronized flow are discussed. It is found that the maximum velocity plays a great role in the synchronized flow in mixed traffic. The energy dissipation and the distribution of slowdown vehicles in the synchronized flow region are greatly different from those in free flow and a traffic jamming region. When all of vehicles have the same maximum velocity with V max > 15, the mixed traffic significantly displays synchronized flow, which has been demonstrated by the relation between flow rate and occupancy and estimation of the cross-correlation function. Moreover, the energy dissipation in the synchronized flow region does not increase with occupancy. The distribution of slowdown vehicles shows a changeless platform in the synchronized flow region. This is an interesting phenomenon. It helps to deeply understand the synchronized flow and greatly reduce the energy dissipation of traffic flow.