Effect of the chiral chain length on structural and phase properties of ferroelectric liquid crystals

Studies of structural and phase properties obtained on several ferroelectric liquid crystalline materials with 2-alkoxypropionate group used as a chiral centre and without any lateral substitution are presented. In dependence on the chiral chain length these compounds exhibit the cholesteric N* phase, the ferroelectric smectic C* and a low-temperature SmX phase. Values of the spontaneous polarization and spontaneous tilt angle have been determined within the whole range of the SmC* phase. A low-temperature SmX phase has been identified as the orthogonal hexatic SmB* phase. The molecular parameters, namely the layer spacing in the SmC* and SmB* phases and the average intermolecular distances (D) between neighbouring parallel molecules in all investigated phases have been determined using the results of the X-ray diffraction obtained on non-oriented samples. The effect of the chiral chain length on mesomorphic, structural and physical properties of the studied ferroelectric liquid crystalline materials is discussed.     

共形整流罩像差特性分析及校正方法

共形结构不仅具有良好的空气动力学性能,且不存在由于表面不连续造成的热梯度等问题,因而采用该结构的导弹整流罩更有利于导弹系统作战性能的提高。但共形结构中采用的非球面罩曲面使整流罩表现出许多不同于球形结构的动态特性,这给导引头中光学系统的设计带来很多困难。在分析共形结构一阶特性的基础上,利用矢量像差理论详细分析该结构中初级像差产生的原因及特点,并提出通过控制元件的倾斜和偏心来平衡所有观察视场中像差的方法。软件分析结果表明：加入倾斜偏心元件后可适当放大小观察视场中的像差,共形整流罩在各观察视场中具有较为稳定的像差特性,有效地改善了该结构的成像质量。     

Infrared dichroism measurements on the alkyl chain packing of an ionic detergent intercalated between silicate layers

 Microcrystals of the metal silicate hydrate ilerite orient macroscopically on the surface of a ATR-crystals and thus, are accessible for infrared linear dichroism measurements. We present first results which indicate that the alkyl chain packing and the orientation of the polar group of dodecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (DTAB) intercalated between silicate layers can be determined in terms of infrared order parameters. The properties of DTAB can be modulated by the relative humidity of the surrounding atmosphere and by temperature. Upon heating DTAB undergoes a phase transition from a paraffin-like solid to a fluid phase. The former is characterized by the orthorhombic perpendicular packing of the frozen alkyl chains with tilted long axes. The interactions between the ionic groups of the surfactant and that of the host matrix stabilize the lamellar arrangement of DTAB in the crystalline and in the fluid phases. Received: 14 January 1998 Accepted: 27 July 1998     

Effect of fluorination on the phase sequence,dielectric and electro-optical properties of ferroelectric and antiferroelectric mixtures

Four multicomponent room temperature mixtures were formulated using a pyrimidine-based achiral matrix as host and four terphenyl-based ester chiral compounds as dopants. Among the four mixtures, two exhibit antiferroelectric and two other exhibit ferroelectric phases at room temperature. Dopant molecules differ from each other by position and number of fluorine atom substitution at the benzoate group of the molecular rigid core. Number and location of fluorine atoms in the dopant structure show significant effect on the phase sequences as well as on different physical properties. All the mixtures found to have moderate spontaneous polarisation, high tilt angle, very fast switching time and low viscosity which are important for liquid crystal-based display applications.     

透射电镜薄样品倾转过程中的附加旋转及其计算

模拟透射电镜双倾台进行样品位向调整过程,推导出反映样品倾转前后其合成倾转轴(即共有菊池线对的法线)方向变化规律的计算公式,称为附加旋转角计算公式。指出,实现样品位向调整的双倾操作,等效于样品绕其合成倾转轴的倾转及该倾转轴绕Z轴(平行入射束方向)的旋转之和。利用双倾台对薄膜样品进行的系列倾转实验表明,由附加旋转角公式计算的附加旋转角和实测值相一致。还根据双倾操作过程导出了合成倾转角的计算公式,它可用于判断样品位向调整的准确度。     

Formation of abnormal dual‐peak profiles in large tilt angle boron implantation

Large tilt angle (LTA) implantation has been employed in Si manufacturing processes in many applications, such as lightly doped drain and halo implant. The depth profile of boron ions usually consists of only single peak at incident angle of 0° with respect to the perpendicular of the silicon surface. However, an abnormal dual‐peak profile was observed at LTA (>40°) with incident energy of 160 keV. By using a Monte Carlo method to simulate the ion implant process, it was found that the projected range of boron ions agrees completely with the formation of the first peak position that is shallower in depth, while the cause for the second peak that corresponds with a depth much deeper in the Si substrate was unknown. During the simulation, it was also found that when the tilt angle was increased, the sputtering yields and Si displacements increased significantly, and this phenomenon indicates that during LTA implantation, Si damage may not be negligible anymore. The Si damage effect that was as due to either low Si density or transient Si displacement in the simulation could have led to partial incident boron ions penetrating much deeper into the Si substrate and thus, caused the emergence of the second peak. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

非对称倾侧亚晶界的晶体相场法研究

采用晶体相场法研究非对称倾侧亚晶界结构及其在应力作用下的微观运动机制.分别从温度、倾斜度角以及应力施加方向等方面对其结构及迁移过程进行分析和讨论.结果表明,非对称倾侧亚晶界由符号相同的一排刃型位错等距排列,部分出现由两个相互垂直排列的刃型位错构成的位错组;在应力作用下,非对称倾侧亚晶界迁移的微观机制包括位错的滑移和攀移、位错组分解、单个位错与位错组反应、单个位错分解以及位错湮灭;温度降低和倾斜度增大都会阻碍亚晶界的迁移过程;应力方向改变导致位错运动方向改变,从而改变晶界迁移形式.     

某空间望远镜相关跟踪系统摆镜随机振动分析

介绍了基础激励下机构随机振动响应的理论与分析方法.利用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立了某空间望远镜相关跟踪系统摆镜的有限元模型,并进行了随机振动响应分析.通过分析考察了其承受动力学环境的能力.对计算结果进行了分析.指出了现有结构中的薄弱环节,提出了改进方案,为摆镜的设计提供了重要参考依据.     

非科尔莫戈罗夫湍流情况下光学波前的到达角起伏方差分析

引入非科尔莫戈罗夫 (Kolmogorov)湍流情况下的归一化相位空间功率谱 ,针对 G倾斜和Z倾斜两种情形 ,分别推导了非科尔莫戈罗夫湍流情况下光学波前的到达角起伏方差与相位空间功率谱指数下降因子β和归一化大气湍流相干长度ρ0 之间的关系。结果表明 ,对于 2 <β <4 ,非科尔莫戈罗夫湍流情况下光学波前的到达角起伏方差随着β的增加而增大 ,β相同时 ,G倾斜方差总是小于 Z倾斜方差。     

基于液面旋转平移法的绝对检验技术研究

绝对检验作为一种光学元件高精度检测方法,其中的两平晶绝对检验无法精确测量平移过程中的倾斜误差,导致恢复的面形中二次项出现偏差.液面在位置变化前后能够保持水平,在旋转平移过程中不会产生倾斜误差.推导了平移过程中倾斜误差和恢复面形中离焦项的关系,并通过仿真分析加以验证,当不存在倾斜误差时,残差面PV值小于1nm.在300m...