光纤检测系统在燃气管道应力、位移实验分析中的应用

城市燃气管道是城市基础设施的重要组成部分,由于城市路面车流量的增加、道路的路况以及管道本身材质的缺陷,在长期的工作环境下,埋入地下的管道受到了各种力的作用,其受力情况十分复杂。目前管道的埋深和管道本身的设计是根据设计人员的经验或者简单理论分析来确定的,遇到沉降因素复杂的特殊地段管道,其安全就不能保证,所以有必要进行实验分析。本文通过特殊地段管道的模拟试验,分析了在不同沉降因素作用下管道的安全性,试验中应用光纤检测系统及电测系统同时进行检测,两者的分析结果相近,为燃气管道沉降参数监测与预报系统的建立奠定实验基础。     

集成光芯片的电光性能测试方法

为了提高中低精度光纤陀螺工程化批产过程中的一致性和合格率,降低筛选成本,初步定量研究了铌酸锂集成光芯片的附加损耗、光克尔效应、分光比和偏振效应等重要参数对陀螺性能的影响和优化方法,并提出了电光性能的具体测试方法。通过输入特定方波、锯齿波、方波加阶梯波,可从输出波形上进行直观的判断,并可进一步给出性能优劣的量化指标,能够较为准确地进行芯片筛选,提高工艺水平。此项研究成果对铌酸锂集成光芯片的相关标准进行了补充,不仅可以帮助光纤陀螺的制作单位进行更合理可行的器件筛选,还可以帮助芯片的生产单位完善相应的参数测试工作,提高合格率。     

用三维光弹法确定轴表面横向半椭圆裂纹应力强度因子及其修正系数

用三维光弹法测定了轴表面横向半椭圆裂纹的应力强度因子，并分析计算了应力强度因子修正系数，结果表明，应力强度因子的分布型式对加载条件和裂纹几何不敏感；修正系数对裂纹深度呈现对称分布趋势，仅取决于裂纹几何参数。     

地铁车站地下拱型结构的光弹性应力分析

本文用三维光弹性法，对地铁车站地下拱型结构进行了实验应力分析并绘出主应力迹线。文中还提出对加压用乳胶气囊进行高温、高压预处理工艺，使乳胶气囊和模型曲面很好地吻合，从而提高了加载的准确度。     

Photoelastic model measurement with rotated principal axes by scattered-light photoelasticity

The method of measurement of a three-dimensional photoelastic model with rotated principal axes has not yet been fully experimentally established. It is known that a three-dimensional photoelastic model can be reduced to an optically equivalent model. In this paper, the optically equivalent model is realized from a stratified model consisting of two layers of the frozen stress model. The secondary principal stress direction and the relative phase retardation of the frozen disk model in the stratified frozen stress model are determined for the entire field from Stokes parameters obtained by scattered-light photoelasticity using unpolarized light. The accuracy of these values is confirmed by a comparison with results only from the frozen stress disk model.     

声焦散线及其与应力强度因子的关系

 根据焦散线的形成原理，以及含I型裂纹试件受力前后光程差与 声程差表达式的相似性，提出了声焦散线的概念，得到了声焦散线沿 横向最大尺寸与应力强度因子的关系，为通过声焦散线法确定应力强 度因子打下了基础.     

INCREMENTAL MICRO-MECHANICAL MODEL OF PLAIN WOVEN FABRIC

I. INTRODUCTION Previous research on woven fabric ignored the micro-weaving structures in fabric and modeled thewoven fabric as a ?exible orthotropic plate[1??3]. However, such a model is unable to predict certainbuckling phenomena of fabric commonly ob…     

Estimating deflection of a simple beam model using fiber optic bragg-grating sensors

In this paper, we develop a method to estimate the bridge deflection using fiber optic Bragg-grating (FBG) strain sensors. For most structural evaluation of bridge integrity, it is very important to measure the geometric profile, which is a major factor representing the global behavior of civil structures, especially bridges. In the past, because of the lack of appropriate methods to measure the deflection curve of bridges on site, the measurement of deflection has been restricted to just a few discrete points along the bridge, and the measuring points have been limited to the locations installed with displacement transducers. However, by applying classical beam theory, a formula is rearranged to estimate the continuously deflected profile by using strains measured directly from several points. In addition, FBG strain sensors, which are electromagnetic, noise-free and multipoint measurable, are employed to obtain flexural strains more accurately and stably. The regression analysis is performed to obtain a strain function from the measured strain data. Finally, the deflection curve can be estimated by applying the strain function to the formula. An experimental test has also been carried out to verify the developed method.     

纺织结构复合材料力学性能的实验研究

本文通过实验测定了三维编织结构复合材料侧边未切割、受切割和中央钻孔试件的拉伸性能，对比了受切割和未切割纤维对于试件侧边拉伸应变的影响，并且讨论了拉伸失效的机理和原因．发现受切割和钻孔试件的拉伸性能低于未加工试件的性能，受切割侧边的拉伸应变高于未切割侧边的拉伸应变，三维编织结构复合材料的拉伸失效主要由纤维断裂引起的．文中还对三维编织结构复合材料的孔边应力集中现象进行了研究，并进行了深入分析，得到一个重要结论，即四步法复合材料的孔边应力集中系数比传统层板复合材料和金属材料的低．从这个意义上说，三维编织结构复合材料适合于作为含孔结构的连接件．     

编码孔径光谱成像仪光学简化彗差对图谱反演误差分析

编码孔径光谱成像技术是近年来发展起来的一种新型光谱成像技术, 该技术在一次像面采用特定的编码模板对目标进行编码, 结合特殊的采样成像方式, 获得满足景物重构的采样数据量, 实现了空间信息和光谱信息的高精度重构, 具有高光通量、高信噪比等优势.但该技术实际的光学系统设计, 以及相应加工和装调过程中各种误差的存在, 将逐一传递反映到探测器精度与编码后图谱采样精度的不匹配, 这会引发最终重构图谱质量降低.本文侧重分析研究光学系统设计和研制装调中光学彗差相对设计值间存在的偏差, 通过几何光线追迹与波前像差联合计算的方法, 在成像面仿真出不同数值程度的彗差矩阵, 并以此来分析不同彗差下对重构图像质量的影响结果.并用其分析结论作为依据, 改进了编码孔径光谱成像仪的设计和研制, 提供了相应图像成像反演结果, 由此确保了编码孔径光谱成像仪的成像优势.