全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1730篇 |
免费 | 276篇 |
国内免费 | 42篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 172篇 |
晶体学 | 5篇 |
力学 | 58篇 |
综合类 | 14篇 |
数学 | 352篇 |
物理学 | 1447篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 6篇 |
2022年 | 21篇 |
2021年 | 26篇 |
2020年 | 23篇 |
2019年 | 18篇 |
2018年 | 33篇 |
2017年 | 39篇 |
2016年 | 59篇 |
2015年 | 47篇 |
2014年 | 139篇 |
2013年 | 72篇 |
2012年 | 132篇 |
2011年 | 90篇 |
2010年 | 84篇 |
2009年 | 111篇 |
2008年 | 97篇 |
2007年 | 112篇 |
2006年 | 88篇 |
2005年 | 113篇 |
2004年 | 69篇 |
2003年 | 72篇 |
2002年 | 90篇 |
2001年 | 68篇 |
2000年 | 51篇 |
1999年 | 47篇 |
1998年 | 46篇 |
1997年 | 42篇 |
1996年 | 35篇 |
1995年 | 36篇 |
1994年 | 36篇 |
1993年 | 25篇 |
1992年 | 25篇 |
1991年 | 22篇 |
1990年 | 20篇 |
1989年 | 7篇 |
1988年 | 9篇 |
1987年 | 12篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1957年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有2048条查询结果,搜索用时 265 毫秒
91.
This paper presents an interactive method for solving general 0-1 multiobjective linear programs using Simulated Annealing and Tabu Search. The interactive protocol with the decision maker is based on the specification of reservation levels for the objective function values. These reservation levels narrow the scope of the search in each interaction in order to identify regions of major interest to the decision maker. Metaheuristic approaches are used to generate potentially nondominated solutions in the computational phases. Generic versions of Simulated Annealing and Tabu Search for 0-1 single objective linear problems were developed which include a general routine for repairing unfeasible solutions. This routine improves significantly the results of single objective problems and, consequently, the quality of the potentially nondominated solutions generated for the multiobjective problems. Computational results and examples are presented. 相似文献
92.
PAN ShengLiang 《中国科学A辑(英文版)》2008,(6)
This paper deals with the following isoperimetric problem in the plane:Among all regions with prescribed perimeter and covering a given line segment,what is the region that has the greatest area? 相似文献
93.
We design a novel X-ray image detector by lens coupling a Gd2O2S:Tb intensifying screen with a high performance low-light-level (L3,which often means luminescence less than 10-3 Lux) image intensifier.Different coupling effects on imaging performance between zoom lens and fix-focus lens are analyzed theoretically.In experiment,for designing a detector of 15-inch visual field,the system coupled by zoom lens is of 12.25-1p/cm resolution,while the one with fix-focus lens is 10 lp/cm.The superiority of zoom lens is validated.It is concluded that zoom lens preserves the image information better than fix-focus lens and improves the imaging system's performance in this design,which is referential to the design of other optical imaging systems. 相似文献
94.
在高校成本层次分类的基础上,建立了生均成本测算的一般模型,针对教育成本投入过程中因学生人数随机变化而存在的风险,引进教学质量函数,提出了办学效益和教学质量的双目标优化模型.利用凸分析和优化原理得到优化问题解的存在性,全部正解的β取值范围以及最优解满足的充要条件,对最优解的定量计算给出了基于Monte Carlo模拟的遗传算法设计,并进行了相应的经济意义分析. 相似文献
95.
在DEA中有关输出与输入的比值的模型的探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
吴文江 《数学的实践与认识》2009,39(10)
对以决策单元的输出与输入的比值为目标函数的多目标规划模型,证明了有关它与(弱)DEA有效(C2R)关系的三个定理. 相似文献
96.
97.
本文根据自然进化规则,把项目经理视为评价系统,项目经理所要满足的要求视为系统环境,用遗传算法的方法评价项目经理,力求提出一种比较客观科学的、且可以定量分析的项目经理的评价方法。 相似文献
98.
In the literature, methods for the construction of piecewise linear upper and lower bounds for the approximation of univariate convex functions have been proposed. We study the effect of the use of transformations on the approximation of univariate (convex) functions. In this paper, we show that these transformations can be used to construct upper and lower bounds for nonconvex functions. Moreover, we show that by using such transformations of the input variable or the output variable, we obtain tighter upper and lower bounds for the approximation of convex functions than without these approximations. We show that these transformations can be applied to the approximation of a (convex) Pareto curve that is associated with a (convex) bi-objective optimization problem. 相似文献
99.
S.J. Dobson 《Optics & Laser Technology》1990,22(5)
Some flight simulators, known as multi-window simulators, are required to produce a wide field of view obtained by viewing a number of TV monitors through separate collimators. The extra requirement for shadowgraph projection of additional cueing information such as the sky and the horizon on to a dome above the pilot's head means that it is impossible to use the conventional concave mirror collimator. An alternative system is the Pancake Window but this gives insufficient light output.This paper describes the design of a three-element, all-plastic, one aspheric surface, achromatic, collimating lens which overcomes these problems. It is based on work carried out for the Royal Aircraft Establishment. 相似文献
100.
用光线矩阵方法推导了光纤-自聚焦棒-反射器在共轴耦合情况下的后向耦合系数;分析了它与耦合系统结构参数之间的关系.用计算机模拟画出了反射器为平面镜的系统的后向耦合系数和后向耦合损耗的曲线分布,计算曲线与实验结果大致符合. 相似文献