全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2707篇 |
免费 | 292篇 |
国内免费 | 257篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 2443篇 |
晶体学 | 35篇 |
力学 | 46篇 |
综合类 | 23篇 |
数学 | 276篇 |
物理学 | 433篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 28篇 |
2022年 | 58篇 |
2021年 | 60篇 |
2020年 | 86篇 |
2019年 | 76篇 |
2018年 | 72篇 |
2017年 | 82篇 |
2016年 | 98篇 |
2015年 | 81篇 |
2014年 | 120篇 |
2013年 | 214篇 |
2012年 | 125篇 |
2011年 | 168篇 |
2010年 | 151篇 |
2009年 | 163篇 |
2008年 | 171篇 |
2007年 | 172篇 |
2006年 | 169篇 |
2005年 | 154篇 |
2004年 | 177篇 |
2003年 | 150篇 |
2002年 | 147篇 |
2001年 | 64篇 |
2000年 | 71篇 |
1999年 | 55篇 |
1998年 | 44篇 |
1997年 | 54篇 |
1996年 | 41篇 |
1995年 | 36篇 |
1994年 | 26篇 |
1993年 | 26篇 |
1992年 | 25篇 |
1991年 | 9篇 |
1990年 | 14篇 |
1989年 | 15篇 |
1988年 | 12篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 9篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有3256条查询结果,搜索用时 687 毫秒
21.
In market, excess demands for many products can be met by reorder even during one period, and retailers usually adopt substitution strategy for more benefit. Under the retailer's substitution strategy and permission of reorder, we develop the profits maximization model for the two-substitutable-product inventory problem with stochastic demands and proportional costs and revenues. We show that the objective function is concave and submodular, and therefore the optimal policy exists. We present the optimal conditions for order quantity and provide some properties of the optimal order quantities. Comparing our model with Netessine and Rudi's, we prove that reorder and adoption of the substitution strategy can raise the general profits and adjust down the general stock level. 相似文献
22.
23.
V. I. Saloutin I. T. Bazyl' Z. E. Skryabina P. N. Kondrat'ev O. N. Chupakhin 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》1994,43(2):279-282
Reactions of pentafluorobenzoylpyruvic acid with amines afford the respective enamines. The intramolecular cyclization of the latter results inN-substituted 4-quinolone-2-carboxylic acids. Ammonia and triethylamine favor the cyclization of pentafluorobenzoylpyruvic acid to 2-carboxychromone.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 2, pp. 299–302, February, 1994. 相似文献
24.
A. O. Manyashin A. I. Fomenko V. N. Storozhenko N. T. Berberova 《Russian Journal of Electrochemistry》2003,39(11):1240-1244
Stoichiometry and kinetics of reactions of 2,6-diphenyl-4-chloropyrylium, 4-chloroflavylium, 4-bromoflavylium, and 4-iodoflavylium perchlorates with nucleophiles N,N-dimethylaniline and n-phenylenediamine are studied using cyclic voltammetry and spectroscopy. Nucleophilic substitution in these compounds proceeds via the formation of a charge-transfer complex, which converts into a radical ion pair as a result of the electron transfer. Heterolytic clevage of the C–Hal bond occurs at the stage of pyranyl (flavanyl) radical. 相似文献
25.
26.
Wolfgang W. Schoeller 《无机化学与普通化学杂志》2003,629(5):816-827
The particular role of the phosphaneiminato ligand as a donor is investigated for a) nitrenes (phosphinidenes) and carbenes and b) cubane formation with transition metals. Accordingly, and as shown for the case a) the ligand is a stronger π‐donor than an amino group and can be considered as a special case of imine‐type substituents. The latter are very effective in π‐donation. In the case b), i.e. the cubane formation with transition metals, one has to consider transition metals with a partially or completely filled d‐shell (with electrons). Hence depending on the transition metal, cubanes are build with weak ferromagnetic coupled or closed shell systems. For the cubanes with closed shell character the matter of insertion of halide anions is discussed. In the last chapter of the review the bond stretching in the dithionitrosyl complexes with rhenium is characterized. 相似文献
27.
Hye-Sun Jeon 《Tetrahedron letters》2004,45(38):7023-7026
Allylic sulfones undergo the conjugate addition to diethyl chloroisopropylidenemalonate, followed by intramolecular cyclopropanation. DBU-promoted ring opening and subsequent desulfonation reactions of the resulting adduct produce the conjugated polyene chains with the 1,4-dimethyl substitution. 相似文献
28.
1,3-Di-tert-butylazulene reacted with highly electrophilic trifluoromethanesulfonate of N-containing heterocycles to give 5-(dihydroheteroaryl)azulene derivatives in good yield and treatment of the 5-(dihydroheteroaryl)azulene derivatives with KOH afforded 5-(heteroaryl)azulenes in excellent yield. 相似文献
29.
XIE Fu-Ding Xiao-Shan LIU Feng 《理论物理通讯》2004,42(11)
Based on the rank analysis method, algorithmization idea, and symbolic computation, in this paper we have presented a method to construct the conservation laws for nonlinear evolution equations. The polynomial conservation laws for K (n 2, n) equations and mnK(m, n) equations are found by using of this approach and some new results have been obtained. 相似文献
30.
Summary N-Arylsubstituted ureas undergo exchange of the N-residue upon reaction with amines. Using kinetic measurements, investigation of product distribution, regioselectivity, catalysis, and substrate influences, it was shown that this reaction proceeds via a second order nucleophilic substitution at the urea carbonyl center. By means of semiempirical calculations using the MNDO method the alternative mechanism of fragmentation was investigated.
Zur Synthese N-substituierter Harnstoffe II: Nucleophile Substitution von Harnstoffen an der Carbonylgruppe
Zusammenfassung N-Arylsubstituierte Harnstoffe erleiden bei der Reaktion mit Aminen einen Austausch des N-Restes. Durch kinetische Messungen, Untersuchung der Produktverteilung, Regioselektivität, Katalyse und des Einflusses des Edukts konnte abgeleitet werden, daß es sich hiebei um eine nucleophile Substitution zweiter Ordnung am Carbonylzentrum des Harnstoffs handelt. Durch semiempirische Rechnungen mit Hilfe der MNDO Methode wurde der alternative Reaktionsmechanismus einer Fragmentierung untersucht.相似文献