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11.
We study the structure of invertible substitutions on three-letter alphabet. We show that there exists a finite set
of invertible substitutions such that any invertible substitution can be written as Iwσ1σ2σk, where Iw is the inner automorphism associated with w, and
for 1jk. As a consequence, M is the matrix of an invertible substitution if and only if it is a finite product of non-negative elementary matrices. 相似文献
12.
A highly efficient substitution of the vinyl fluoride of perfluoroketene dithioacetals was achieved using trimethylsilylacetate to give 2-perfluoroalkyl succinic acid derivatives and 2-trifluoromethyl succinimides. This chain process was initiated by a catalytic amount of fluoride salt, whereas reaction failed with the corresponding lithium enolate. 相似文献
13.
14.
François Ledrappier Mark Pollicott 《Bulletin of the Brazilian Mathematical Society》2005,36(2):143-176
In this paper we study the ergodic properties of the linear action of lattices Γ of SL(2,ℚp) on ℚp × ℚp and distribution results for orbits of Γ. Following Serre, one can define a “geodesic flow” for an associated tree (actually
associated to GL(2,ℚp)). The approach we use is based on an extension of this approach to “frame flows” which are a natural compact group extension
of the geodesic flow. 相似文献
15.
S.A. Masti A.K. Sharma P.N. Vasambekar A.S. Vaingankar 《Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials》2006
Magnetization and permeability of polycrystalline ferrites with general formula CdxMg1−xFe2−yCryO4 (x=0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0; y=0, 0.05 and 0.10) were studied. Study of saturation magnetization reveals that the Neel's two-sublattice model exists upto x=0.4, for y=0, 0.05 and 0.1 and a three-sublattice model (YK-model) is predominant for x>0.4 and y=0, 0.05 and 0.10. The saturation magnetization and magnetic moment were found to decrease with the increase in Cr3+ contents, which is attributed to the dilution of B–B site interaction. Variation of initial permeability with temperature revealed the long-range ferromagnetic ordering in the compounds with x=0.4. The sample with x?0.4 and y=0, 0.05 and 0.10 showed peaking behavior near Curie temperature, which is attributed to the decrease of anisotropy constant K1 to zero. Low-frequency dispersion of initial permeability suggests domain wall displacement. Addition of Cd2+ resulted in a sharp decrease in Curie temperature. With the addition of Cr3+, initial permeability was found to decrease. 相似文献
16.
A new type of phosphino-phosphonium ylide ligand bearing a chiral sulfinyl center affords a P,C-chelated palladium(II) complex with a resolved asymmetric ylidic carbon atom. According to 31P NMR analysis of the crude material, the diastereoselectivity of the complexation at room temperature is ca. 7:1. In the crystal state, an X-ray diffraction analysis of one epimer reveals a quasi C2-symmetric chloro-bridged dinuclear structure, where the (S) configuration of the sulfur atom induces a (S) configuration of the ylidic carbon atom. A in situ Pd(0) catalyst generated from the phosphino-ylide and Pd(PPh3)4 promotes allylic substitution of 3-acetoxy-1,3-diphenylpropene by sodium malonate in 70% yield and 5% e.e. 相似文献
17.
本文利用比较原理以及一种特殊变换研究了一类非线性退化方程的混合问题,得到了这类复杂问题解的渐进性质。 相似文献
18.
Shahla Yekta 《Journal of fluorine chemistry》2004,125(4):517-525
New partially fluorinated binaphthols were obtained using a copper-catalyzed oxidative coupling. The corresponding enantiomerically pure compounds were prepared by fractional crystallization of the corresponding bis(menthyl)carbamates. Nucleophilic aromatic substitution using oxygen- and carbon-based nucleophiles resulted in functionalized derivatives without concomitant racemization. The titanium(IV) complexes of these ligands are catalytically active in the asymmetric oxidation of sulfides. 相似文献
19.
Homogeneously prepared tosylcelluloses (TC) with degrees of substitution (DS) of DSTos 0.1–1.8 were used as intermediates for the synthesis of methylaminocelluloses (MAC) by nucleophilic substitution with methylamine. TC with DSTos up to 1.1 were shown to be valuable intermediates for selective synthesis of MAC with DSMA varying from 0.1 to approximately 1. No nucleophilic substitution was observed at higher DSTos. At the chosen reaction conditions (60 °C, 48 h) residual tosyl moieties remained unchanged and little hydrolysis took place. The samples obtained were characterized by means of elemental analysis, FTIR and 13C CP/MAS NMR spectroscopy. 13C CP/MAS NMR spectroscopy was found to be an efficient tool for quantification of DSMA. Furthermore, the swelling behaviour in water was investigated and preliminary tests concerning the bilirubin adsorption capacity of MAC were carried out. 相似文献
20.
The 57Fe Mössbauer technique has been used to investigate the effect of zinc oxide substitution in (25???x)MnO–xZnO–15Fe2O3–60B2O3 glass system (x?=?0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mol% of ZnO ). Mössbauer absorption spectra for all the samples recorded at room temperature suggest the existence of the two paramagnetic quadrupole doublets. The observed variations in hyperfine parameters have been explained on the basis of cations distribution and exchange interaction at the lattice sites and it is concluded that B–B interaction increases while the metal–metal interaction decreases due to replacement of manganese oxide by zinc oxide. These results suggest that the present glass system exhibits a paramagnetic behaviour that changes towards the weak paramagnetic when manganese oxide was replaced with zinc oxide. 相似文献