基于单次旋转的旋转非对称面形误差绝对检测技术研究

绝对检测技术是剔除干涉仪系统误差进而提高面形检测精度的有效手段.基于单次旋转的绝对检测技术由被测球面绕光轴旋转前后的检测数据,采用基于最小二乘法的Zernike多项式拟合,剔除系统误差,获得被测面的旋转非对称面形误差.详细推导了理论计算公式,分析了单次旋转角度对算法检测精度的影响,并和多次旋转法作了对比,其残差均方根(RMS)值约为1.5 nm.该方法只需一次旋转两次检测,在保证检测精度的同时简化了检测过程.     

测量透明管壁厚的理论研究

透明管（如玻璃管）壁厚几何尺寸的公差大小是玻管生产中产品质量优劣的重要指标之一;因此透明管的壁厚测量的精度尤为重要。根据光矢量场的电磁场理论仔细分析了透明管在平面光波中的透射和反射的光学特性;并研究其能量分布。用ＣＣＤ作接收器件,进行非接触测量实验系统实验,将理论值与实验值相比较,提出了精确测量透明管壁厚的可行性方法     

差动型激光自混合干涉式位移测量系统

提出了一种利用激光自混合干涉效应的差动式位移测量系统, 建立了系统的数学模型,经仿真分析及实验验证表明： 和单激光管结构相比, 该系统位移分辨力提高了二倍, 达 １／４ 光波波长, 且能大大减小光反馈强度引起的噪声及温度干扰。     

An approach to sequence-specific antibody proteases

We describe here a novel strategy for the isolation of antibodies with sequence-specific protease activity: the synthesis of dipeptide haptens in which the targeted peptide bond has been replaced by a ring-strained or torsionally strained hydroxyethylene transition-state analog. Thus, the analogs mimic both a peptide bond in a distorted, reactive conformation and the transition state for peptide bond hydrolysis. In order to obtain sequence-specific antibody proteases, these analogs have been flanked with additional amino acid residues in preparation for immunization. In particular, we have synthesized peptides containing analogs such as 2-cis-amino-3-cis-hydroxycyclobutane carboxylic acid andendo-(3-amino-2-hydroxy)bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-7-anti-carboxylic acid. We have also prepared a series of peptide derivatives containing analogs, such as 2-[3-amino-2-oxo-1-azetidinyl]-3-methylbutanoic acid, in which the targeted peptide bond has been incorporated into a β-lactam ring. Since the “peptide bond” has been left intact, these species mimic only a distorted ground state. At present, antibodies are being elicited against a number of the above peptide derivatives.     

Forces between a hard surface and an air–aqueous interface with and without films

The adsorption of particles to air–aqueous interfaces is vital in many applications, such as mineral flotation and the stabilization of food foams. The forces in the system determine whether a particle will attach to an air–aqueous interface. The forces between a particle and an air–aqueous interface are influenced by Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek forces (i.e. van der Waals and electrostatic forces), non–Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek forces (e.g. hydrophobic, hydrodynamic, structural, and capillary forces), liquid drainage, and liquid flow. As an air–aqueous interface can be deformed by a particle, the forces measured between an air–aqueous interface and a particle can differ from those measured between two hard surfaces separated by liquid. The presence of a film at an air–aqueous interface can also change the forces.     

Improvement of lysine production by analog-sensitive and auxotroph mutants of the acetylene-utilizing bacterium gordona bronchialis (Rhodococcus bronchialis)

An acetylene utilizingGordona (Rhodococcus) bronchialis strain, screened for the production of fine chemicals, was found to be capable of producing small amounts of lysine. Attempts to produce amino-acid analogresistant and/or sensitive mutants and auxotrophs of this strain with increased lysine production were made following UV-irradiation orN-methyl-N’-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) treatment. The bacterium exhibited surprisingly high resistance levels to the aforementioned mutagens which is attributed to highly effective inborn-repair systems. Natural resistance to high levels ofS-(2-aminoethyl)-l-cysteine (AEC) (2%) was observed, in contrast withd, l-aspartic acid hydroxamate (AAH),l-lysine hydroxamate (LHX) and β-fluoropyruvate (FP). A variety of amino-acid analog-resistant (AAH^r, LHX^r) or analog-sensitive (FP^s) mutants were produced following UV-irradiation or MNNG treatment. Similarly, a large number of auxotrophs (68) of different types were also obtained. From these, one FP^s mono-auxotroph and two poly-auxotrophs (with at least one requirement for the aspartic acid family) showed an increased lysine production (~1.8 g/L) comparable (4 g/L) to that found in other bacteria capable of utilizing long-chain hydrocarbons(1).     

化学测量仪器检定/校准有关问题的探讨

介绍了化学测量仪器的分类、特点、检定/校准的必要性及化学计量检定/校准的现状,分析了化学计量标准的特点,探讨了化学计量最高标准的划定和考核的有关问题。     

A Systematic Evaluation of Polyurethane as a Conformal Coating for the Inhibition of Corrosion on Electronic Components

The corrosion of printed circuit boards can be effectively prevented with a polyurethane conformal coating. In this study, the protective performance of PU coating was investigated systematically through electrochemical measurements and simulated exposure/immersion tests. Some fungi tests were also included. All experimental results show that a polyurethane coating effectively inhibits corrosion on printed circuit boards. The optimal thickness of the coating film should be about 60 μm. Long-term exposure tests showed that this coating material could preserve the reliability of the investigated printed circuit boards for more than 400 days in a 90% relative humidity environment at 25°C.     

Criticism on Jäntti's Three Point Method on Curtailing Gas Adsorption Measurements

Jäntti introduced a method to reduce the time required for the stepwise measurement of adsorption isotherms (Jäntti et al., Progress in Vacuum Microbalance Techniques, Vol. 1, Heyden, London, pp. 345–353, 1972). After a pressure change he measured the adsorbed mass three times and calculated its equilibrium value for the new pressure. In the present paper we discuss the applicability of this method in a broader scope (without starting from a single combination of gas and solid adsorbent) and also discuss the influence of measurement inaccuracies. It is shown that the method can serve as an early warning system, which decides whether an improvement of the adsorption model is necessary.