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21.
自动对靶喷雾靶标红外探测研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
农林作物一般非连续种植,喷在农林作物靶标之间的药液造成巨大浪费和严重环境污染,因此探讨利用红外线探测技术实现靶标的自动探测, 对靶精准喷施意义重大。红外线可有效防止可见光的干扰,响应速度快,可实现无接触探测,由此建立的红外光电探测系统可靠性好、成本低。红外发光管发射出红外光照射到被探测物体上,反射的红外线被光电探测器接收,触发控制信号,实现自动对靶施药。系统中不同探测器组采用不同编码的调制脉冲红外信号,可消除组间光路干扰及其他光信号的干扰。实验结果表明所建立的红外靶标自动探测装置可对农林作物靶标进行自动探测,光波波长为850 nm,探测距离为0.1~6 m可调,靶标最小识别间距小于0.3 m。 相似文献
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针对高功率固体激光器的散热需求,设计了一种基于制冷循环的喷雾冷却系统,并对其换热性能进行研究。由于制冷系统的压缩机需要润滑,冷却液中不可避免地会混有润滑油。润滑油会对冷却液的粘度、表面张力产生影响,并可能产生油膜,从而对冷却液的换热过程产生强化或抑制。因此,通过实验研究,分析了润滑油对喷雾冷却换热性能的影响。实验结果表明,冷却液中存在润滑油,会增大冷却液流经喷嘴过程中的阻力,减小流量,但根据本系统的应用情况,可以忽略;在低热流密度时,含有一定量的润滑油更有利于热源表面温度的均匀分布,高热流密度时,2%(质量分数)的含油量对温度分布不均的影响可以忽略;润滑油的存在可以提高临界热流密度,使得系统的散热能力得到提高,更有利于其在高功率固体激光器散热领域的应用。 相似文献
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The co-flow laminar spray diffusion flame in an oscillating flow field is investigated. Mild slip is permitted between the droplets and their host surroundings and droplet grouping resulting from the host flow oscillations is accounted for. The spray is modelled using the sectional approach and a perturbation analysis using a small sectional Stokes number is utilised for solving the liquid phase governing equations. The effect of droplet grouping is described through a specially constructed model for the vaporisation Damkohler number. The large chemical Damkohler number assumption is adopted and a formal analytical solution is developed for Schwab-Zeldovitch parameters through which the dynamics of the spray flame front shapes and thermal fields are deduced. Computed results based on the solutions demonstrate how the phenomenon of droplet grouping can lead to the existence of multiple flame sheets as a result of the dynamic change in the type of the main homogeneous flame from under- to over-ventilated as the flow field oscillates. Concomitant fluctuating thermal fields are also shown to be present indicating a potential impact on undesirable pollutants production. 相似文献
26.
Transparent conducting ZnO and Al doped ZnO thin films were deposited on glass substrate by ultrasonic spray method. The thin films with concentration of 0.1 M were deposited at 350 °C with 2 min of deposition time. The effects of ethanol and methanol solution before and after doping on the structural, optical and electrical properties were examined. The DRX analyses indicated that ZnO films have nanocrystalline nature and hexagonal wurtzite structure with (1 0 0) and (0 0 2) preferential orientation corresponding to ZnO films resulting from methanol and ethanol solution, respectively. The crystallinity of the thin films improved with methanol solution after doping to (0 0 2) oriented. All films exhibit an average optical transparency about 90%, in the visible range. The band gaps values of ZnO thin films are increased after doping from 3.10 to 3.26 eV and 3.27 to 3.30 eV upon Al doping obtained by ethanol and methanol solution, respectively. The electrical conductivity increase from 7.5 to 15.2 (Ω cm)−1 of undoped to Al doped ZnO thin films prepared by using ethanol solution. However, for the methanol solution; the electrical conductivity of the film is stabilized after doping. 相似文献
27.
通过以液氨为制冷工质的开式喷雾冷却系统,在相同实验条件下研究了二极管激光器(DL)热沉喷雾表面分别为光滑表面、均匀密排微孔、深孔和多孔表面结构时的冷却效果,实验结果表明:在热流密度达到300W/cm2时,冷却表面温度均保持在28℃以内,适用于高热流密度下的DL热管理问题;喷雾表面均布微结构能显著强化喷雾冷却性能,当采用均匀密排多孔表面时,散热功率达511.5 W/cm2,对流传热系数为346 701.1W/(m2·℃),传热系数较光滑表面时提高了83.9%。 相似文献
28.
Two flame spray methods, emulsion combustion method (ECM) and flame spray pyrolysis (FSP), were compared for synthesis of pure and mixed SiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles. The effect of silicon precursor was investigated using liquid hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) or SiO2 sol, while for ZnO zinc acetate (ZA) was used. Gas phase reaction took place when using HMDSO as Si precursor, forming nanoparticles, whereas the SiO2 sol used as Si source was not evaporated in the flame, creating large aggregates of the sol particles (e.g. 1 m). The FSP of ZA produced ZnO homogeneous nanoparticles. Lower flame temperatures in ECM than in FSP resulted in mixed gas and liquid phase reaction, forming ZnO particles with inhomogeneous sizes. The FSP of HMDSO and ZA led to intimate gas-phase mixing of Zn and Si, suppressing each other's particle growth, forming nanoparticles of 19 nm in BET-equivalent average primary particle diameter. Nucleation of ZnO and SiO2 occurred independently by ECM of HMDSO and ZA as well as by FSP of the SiO2 sol and ZA, creating a ZnO and SiO2 mixture. The reaction of ZnO with SiO2 was likely to be enhanced by ECM of the SiO2 sol and ZA where both Zn and Si species were not evaporated completely, resulting in ZnO, -willemite and Zn1.7SiO4 mixed phase. 相似文献
29.
Pure and Cobalt doped zinc oxide were deposited on glass substrate by Ultrasonic spray method. Zinc acetate dehydrate, Cobalt chloride, 4-methoxyethanol and monoethanolamine were used as a starting materials, dopant source, solvent and stabilizer, respectively. The ZnO samples and ZnO:Co with Cobalt concentration of 2 wt.% were deposited at 300, 350 and 400 °C. The effects of substrate temperature and presence of Co as doping element on the structural, electrical and optical properties were examined. Both pure and Co doped ZnO samples are (0 0 2) preferentially oriented. The X-ray diffraction results indicate that the samples have polycrystalline nature and hexagonal wurtzite structure with the maximum average crystallite size of ZnO and ZnO:Co were 33.28 and 55.46 nm. An increase in the substrate temperature and presence doping the crystallinity of the thin films increased. The optical transmittance spectra showed transmittance higher than 80% within the visible wavelength region. The band gap energy of the thin films increased after doping from 3.25 to 3.36 eV at 350 °C. 相似文献
30.
Al2O3-ZrO2 composite coatings were deposited by the suspension plasma spray process using molecularly mixed amorphous powders. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that the as-sprayed coating is composed of α-Al2O3 and tetragonal ZrO2 phases with grain sizes of 26 nm and 18 nm, respectively. The as-sprayed coating has 93% density with a hardness of 9.9 GPa. Heat treatment of the as-sprayed coating reveals that the Al2O3 and ZrO2 phases are homogeneously distributed in the composite coating. 相似文献