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141.
Silver-doped calcium phosphate nanopowders were successfully prepared by the cost-effective electrostatic spray-pyrolysis
process. The properties of the silver-doped nanopowder annealed at 500°C for 30 min were investigated through X-ray diffraction
analysis, field emission scanning electron microscope, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The silver-doped nanopowders
with 70–90 nm particle size showed an antibacterial performance against Escherichia coli. 相似文献
142.
Homogeneous ZnO Nanoparticles by Flame Spray Pyrolysis 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were made by flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) of zinc acrylate–methanol–acetic acid solution. The effect of solution feed rate on particle specific surface area (SSA) and crystalline size was examined. The average primary particle diameter can be controlled from 10 to 20nm by the solution feed rate. All powders were crystalline zincite. The primary particle diameter observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was in agreement with the equivalent average primary particle diameter calculated from the SSA as well as with the crystalline size calculated from the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns for all powders, indicating that the primary particles were rather uniform in diameter and single crystals. Increasing the solution feed rate increases the flame height, and therefore coalescence and/or surface growth was enhanced, resulting in larger primary particles. Compared with ZnO nanoparticles made by other processes, the FSP-made powder exhibits some of the smallest and most homogeneous primary particles. Furthermore, the FSP-made powder has comparable BET equivalent primary particle diameter with but higher crystallinity than sol–gel derived ZnO powders. 相似文献
143.
144.
低加热速度下显微组分的热解机理 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
利用差热分析并采用微分和积分相结合的方法,通过分析显微组分富集样在低加热速度下热解的实验结果,对显微组分的热解机理进行了研究。结果表明,煤的热解过程十分复杂,整个热解过程不能用一步反应描述,但存在明确分界温度Tm。在假定两步反应的前提下研究表明,各步反应均由扩散过程控制,但扩散机理不同,不同段的活化能不一样,后段的活化能比前段小。不同显微组分的热解机理没有表现出差别,但活化能却有差别,惰质组一般具 相似文献
145.
煤焦油热解制备中间相炭微球 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7
含有3.7%吡啶不溶物的煤焦油和经热过滤去除吡啶不溶物的净化焦油在自升压下聚合,产物经热过去除母兴,滤饼用吡啶抽提至无色得中间相炭微球,在偏光显微镜下观察聚合产物的结构,在扫描电镜下观察中间相炭微球的形貌。结果表明,由于聚合产物的粘度较低,所产生的MCMB易于从母液中分离出来;原料中的吡啶不溶物有利于阻止MCMB的融并,在一定程度上可起到控制球径的作用;对无吡啶不溶物煤焦油高温短时间聚合后骤冷有利 相似文献
146.
Influence of silicon and carbon excesses on the aqueous dispersion of SiC nanocrystals for optical application 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
J.?Bouclé N.?Herlin-BoimeEmail author A.?Kassiba 《Journal of nanoparticle research》2005,7(2-3):275-285
The dispersion behaviour of laser-synthesized silicon carbide nanoparticles (npSiC) in water is investigated by photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS). With regard to previous studies and due to an application in the processing of optical materials, this paper concerns low npSiC contents (from 0.05 to 10 wt.%). The role played by the particle surface state is be pointed out through the consideration of stochiometric (C/Si = 1), carbon-rich (C/Si > 1) and silicon-rich (C/Si < 1) nanopowders. Suspensions made from stoichiometric and silicon-rich nanopowders are easily dispersed and stable with time. The PCS measurements reveal in this case more than 95% of isolated nanoparticles, pointing out the key role of the oxidized layer covering the grain of silicon-rich samples. At the opposite, the carbon-rich powders are hardly dispersed in pure water, correlated with the presence of a relatively inert graphitic carbon layer at the grain surface. However, by addition of a commercial polymeric dispersant, all nanopowders induce high quality suspensions. In particular, the carbon-rich samples are easily dispersed, and possible dispersion mechanisms of npSiC in presence of a polymeric surfactant are discussed. The influence of the npSiC loading and the time evolution of the suspension are also presented. By considering stoichiometric, as well as carbon- and silicon-rich samples, this paper demonstrates the possibility to achieve high quality dispersions of SiC nanoparticles, whatever the chemical composition of the powder, as an easy step for optical material processing.This revised version was published online in August 2005 with a corrected issue number. 相似文献
147.
Two flame spray methods, emulsion combustion method (ECM) and flame spray pyrolysis (FSP), were compared for synthesis of pure and mixed SiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles. The effect of silicon precursor was investigated using liquid hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) or SiO2 sol, while for ZnO zinc acetate (ZA) was used. Gas phase reaction took place when using HMDSO as Si precursor, forming nanoparticles, whereas the SiO2 sol used as Si source was not evaporated in the flame, creating large aggregates of the sol particles (e.g. 1 m). The FSP of ZA produced ZnO homogeneous nanoparticles. Lower flame temperatures in ECM than in FSP resulted in mixed gas and liquid phase reaction, forming ZnO particles with inhomogeneous sizes. The FSP of HMDSO and ZA led to intimate gas-phase mixing of Zn and Si, suppressing each other's particle growth, forming nanoparticles of 19 nm in BET-equivalent average primary particle diameter. Nucleation of ZnO and SiO2 occurred independently by ECM of HMDSO and ZA as well as by FSP of the SiO2 sol and ZA, creating a ZnO and SiO2 mixture. The reaction of ZnO with SiO2 was likely to be enhanced by ECM of the SiO2 sol and ZA where both Zn and Si species were not evaporated completely, resulting in ZnO, -willemite and Zn1.7SiO4 mixed phase. 相似文献
148.
Zuzana Matkovičová Vladimír Štrbík Gustav Plesch Michaela Valeriánová Agáta Dujavová 《Central European Journal of Physics》2007,5(3):398-404
Superconducting Tl-based films were prepared on a LaAlO3 single crystal substrate. Spray pyrolysis of Ba, Ca and Cu nitrate solutions was used for deposition of the precursor films.
They were subsequently ex-situ thallinated in flowing oxygen (open system). While the superconducting Tl-2212 phase formed at an annealing temperature
of 880°C, thallination at 900°C led to the formation of a Tl-2223 /Tl-2212 mixture. The amount of Tl-2223 increased with prolonged
thallination, whereas the Tl-2212 phase progressively disappeared. Films prepared in such a manner were c-oriented and contained only low amounts of non-superconducting impurities. The resulting samples were characterized by XRD
and SEM and their T
C
values were determined by resistive four-point measurements. They showed critical temperatures in the range of T
ON
= 125–135 K, T
C0 = 91–93 K. Differences between the composition and properties of the obtained films and those thallinated in closed systems
under 50 kPa of oxygen are discussed in this paper. Results show that the Tl-2212 → Tl-2223 transformation proceeds at a slower
rate under flowing oxygen than in a closed system.
Presented at 5-th International Conference Solid State Surfaces and Interfaces, November 19–24, 2006, Smolenice Castle, Slovakia. 相似文献
149.
F. Le Normand C.S. Cojocaru O. Ersen L. Gangloff R. Alexandrescu I. Morjan 《Applied Surface Science》2007,254(4):1058-1066
Iron-based nanoparticles are prepared by a laser-induced chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. They are characterized as body-centered Fe and Fe2O3 (maghemite/magnetite) particles with sizes ≤5 and 10 nm, respectively. The Fe particles are embedded in a protective carbon matrix. Both kind of particles are dispersed by spin-coating on SiO2/Si(1 0 0) flat substrates. They are used as catalyst to grow carbon nanotubes by a plasma- and filaments-assisted catalytic CVD process (PE-HF-CCVD). Vertically oriented and thin carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were grown with few differences between the two samples, except the diameter in relation to the initial size of the iron particles, and the density. The electron field emission of these samples exhibit quite interesting behavior with a low turn-on voltage at around 1 V/μm. 相似文献
150.
Johannes Wilden 《Applied Surface Science》2007,254(4):1067-1072
The free-form net shape laser synthesis of nanostructured ceramics from liquid precursors enables a residual stress-free production of high temperature resistant ceramic units and components for the use in microsystem engineering. Due to the use of molecular compounded liquid, ceramic precursors the resulting ceramic components show outstanding properties, for example high purity and a nanostructured material design.The use of pulsed lasers enables a defined input of energy required to pyrolyse the precursor material into a crystalline ceramic, so the active volume can be reduced significantly compared to other processes, for example pyrolysis by furnace.In this paper several methods for a further minimization of the active volume are presented. The investigations determined different factors affecting the process. Realizing selective experiments allows a determination of their influencing level and the definition of a working area to produce three-dimensional components with high aspect ratio.By several studies, e.g., scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy as well as X-ray diffraction analysis, the atomic structure and composition of the created components were analyzed and valued, so the different reaction processes can be described extensively. 相似文献