Investigation of ultrafast dynamics of CdTe quantum dots by femtosecond fluorescence up-conversion spectroscopy

The ultrafast carrier relaxation processes in CdTe quantum dots are investigated by femtosecond fluorescence upconversion spectroscopy.Photo-excited hole relaxing to the edge of the forbidden gap takes a maximal time of ～ 1.6 ps with exciting at 400 nm,depending on the state of the photo-excited hole.The shallow trapped states and deep trap states in the forbidden gap are confirmed for CdTe quantum dots.In addition,Auger relaxation of trapped carriers is observed to occur with a time constant of ～ 5 ps.A schematic model of photodynamics is established based on the results of the spectroscopy studies.Our work demonstrates that femtosecond fluorescence up-conversion spectroscopy is a suitable and effective tool in studying the transportation and conversion dynamics of photon energy in a nanosystem.     

The 1/f noise in multiwalled carbon nanotubes

The $1/f$ noise in multiwalled carbon nanotubes bundles has been investigated between the frequency range of 0.1 to 30 Hz. At room temperature the noise spectrum is standard 1/f, and its level is proportional to the square of the bias voltage. With decreasing temperature the noise level also decreases. At 4.2 K the noise level follows a non-monotonic dependence against the bias voltage, showing a peak at a certain bias voltage, meanwhile its frequency dependence also deviates from the 1/f trend. This anomalous behaviour is discussed within the picture of environmental quantum fluctuation of charge transport in the samples.     

硒化镉发光量子点的制备及其在有机发光器件中的应用

硒化镉量子点具有随粒径尺寸改变,而产生发光波长调变的特性,目前已被广泛研究。本研究是由化学溶胶法合成不同粒径尺寸的核壳型CdSe／ZnS硒化镉量子点,其表面包覆十六烷基胺,避免分子团聚现象。在由硒化镉成核温度的控制,成功地制备一系列具有各种尺寸粒径的核壳型硒化镉量子点(2—6nm)。本研究也合成了含有纳米金粒子于核壳型硒化镉量子点,实验结果发现：硒化镉发光效率明显的提高。在有机发光器件的应用方面,将发光波长为505nm核壳型CdSe／ZnS量子点掺入溶有发光波长为570nm铱化合物的氯仿溶液时,其溶液的光致发光光谱表明,原量子点的发光特性消失,只有铱化合物的发光依然存在,且其发光强度呈现明显增强趋势,我们推测此现象源自于量子点到铱化合物能量转移的机制。我们也以含有核壳型硒化镉量子点的铱化合物与PVK混合材料为发光层,成功的制作发光二极管器件,器件的发光效率因核壳型硒化镉的掺杂,明显提高2倍多。     

庆大霉素与水溶性CdTe量子点的荧光共振能量转移作用

以巯基丙酸(mercaptopropionic acid,MPA)为稳定剂合成水溶性CdTe最子点(quantum dots,QDs),以CdTe QDs作为能量供体.庆大霉素(Gentamycin,GT)作为能垦受体,建立了荧光共振能量转移(fluorescence resonance energy transfer,FRET)体系.在690 nm处可见发射峰,半峰宽约10 nm,在一定范围内荧光强度与GT的含量旱线性关系,线性范围为2～20 mg·L-1,相关系数r=0.986 7.优化了不同的激发波长、pH、离子强度、时间和温度等凼素对反应的影响,并应用傅里叶变换红外光谱(Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,FTIR)和高效液相色谱(high-performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)分别表征了化学结构和相对专一性.结果表明巯基丙酸的巯基中S原子和羧基中氧原子与纳米微粒表面的富Cd离子发生了配位作用,CdTe QDs与GT的耦合主要是通过量子点周围巯基丙酸羧基(-COOH)中的氧原子与GT的胺基(-NH2)形成分子问氧键实现的;GT与CdTe QDs的结合率为0.35:1.研究表明GT可以作为检测CdTe QDs标记牛血清白蛋白(bovine serum albumin,BSA)的荧光增敏剂,荧光强度值增强6倍,应用前景广阔.     

3C-SiC纳米颗粒量子限制效应的实验证据

报道了关于3C—SiC纳米颗粒量子限制效应的实验证据．将电化学腐蚀3C—SiC多晶靶材得到的多孔材料在水溶液中进行超声处理，制备出发光的3C—SiC纳米颗粒溶液．透射电镜实验表明，所得颗粒直径分布在1-6nm范围，光致发光谱实验给出了存在量子限制效应的实验证据．发光范围在440-460nm．SiC纳米颗粒量子限制效应的发现，为该材料在光电子发光器件中的应用提供了重要的实验基础．     

连续变量量子离物传态的实验研究

利用单个Ⅱ类相位匹配OPA产生的双模压缩态实现连续变量压缩纠缠态，完成了连续变量量 子离物传态. Ⅱ类相位匹配OPA参量反放大过程可以实现正交振幅反关联、正交位相关联的 压缩纠缠态，这不同于一般运转于阈值以下的OPO产生的正交振幅关联、正交位相反关联的 压缩纠缠态，可以采用直接平衡测量的方法完成Bell态测量. 利用双KTP补偿非线性过程的 离散效应，获得了最大压缩大于2dB的双模压缩纠缠态，实现保真度06，考虑到探测效率 实际保真度为057. 这种方案简化了测量方法与纠缠光源产生装置，有利于进行量子通信 的实验研究与应用. 同时，讨论了探测过程中的一些非理想因素. 关键词： 量子离物传态 压缩纠缠态 Bell态测量     

二维椭圆量子台球中的谱分析

研究了二维椭圆台球中的量子谱和经典轨道之间的对应关系.为尝试求解没有解析波函数和本征能量又不能分离变量的体系，采用了定态展开方法(expansion method for stationary states，简称EMSS)得到尽可能精确的数值解，这是闭合轨道理论被推广到计算开轨道的情况.比较了傅里叶变换谱和经典轨道，发现量子谱的峰位置与经典轨道的长度在可分辨的范围内符合得很好，这是半经典理论为经典与量子力学的联系提供桥梁作用的又一个例子. 关键词： 椭圆量子台球 定态展开方法 闭合轨道理论 量子谱     

Application of Bipartite and Tripartite Entangled State Representations in Quantum Teleportation of Continuous Variables

We mostly investigate two schemes. One is to teleport a multi-mode W-type entangled coherent state using a peculiar bipartite entangled state as the quantum channel different from other proposals. Based on our formalism,teleporting multi-mode coherent state or squeezed state is also possible. Another is that the tripartite entangled state is used as the quantum channel of controlled teleportation of an arbitrary and unknown continuous variable in the case of three participators.     

N = 4 Supersymmetric Morse Oscillator and Its Spectrum-Generating Algebra

In this paper N = 4 supersymmetry of generalized Morse oscillators in one dimension is studied. Both bound states and scattering states of its four superpartner Hamiltonians are analyzed by using unitary irreducible representations of the noncompact Lie algebra su(1,1). The spectrum-generating algebra governing the Hamiltonian of the N = 4 supersymmetric Morse oscillator is shown to be connected with the realization of Lie superalgebra osp(1,2)or B(0,1) in terms of the variables of a supersymmetric two-dimensional harmonic oscillator.