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91.
92.
Ming Qian Zhonghua Shen Jian Lu Xiaowu Ni Qiang Li Yimin Xuan 《Optics and Lasers in Engineering》2008,46(6):461-468
Our recent work revealed that speckles can be formed when nanofluids containing a proper volume fraction of nanoparticles are illuminated by a monochromatic laser beam [Qian M, Liu J, Yan M-S, Shen Z-H, Lu J, Ni XW, et al. Investigation on utilizing laser speckle velocimetry to measure the velocities of nanoparticles in nanofluids. Opt Express 2006; 14: 7559–66]. In this paper, two different physical models are established to figure out the speckle-formation mechanism. The photon–nanoparticle-collision model emphasizes the random collisions between photons and nanoparticles, and Monte Carlo method is used to simulate how the incident photons move in the vessel containing nanofluids. However, in the electric-dipole model, each illuminated nanoparticle becomes an electric dipole and sends out scattering lights, and the coherent addition of the scattering lights from nanoparticles is numerically calculated. Finally, from the numerical results, the speckle-formation mechanism is figured out. 相似文献
93.
Uniaxial tension tests of semihard copper sheets were studied by means of electronic spekle pattern interferometry (ESPI).
The setup allowed the authors to analyze in detail the transitions from elastic to plastic behavior and from homogeneous to
inhomogeneous plastic deformation. In agreement with the conventional definition of the yield point for copper fully plastic
behavior starded at permanent strains close to 0.005. The strain-hardening coefficient was very low at the early stage of
plastic flow (“easy glide”), increasing progressively until values on the order of 0.13 to 0.14 were reached at maximum load.
A this point, the appearance of unequally spaced fringes signaled the beginning of inhomogeneous deformation. With ESPI, this
occurrence may thus serve as a criterion to establish the forming limit of the material. 相似文献
94.
We present a theoretical analysis of the noise performance of phase measuring feedback interferometers. We first analyse the operation of this kind of instrument and note that under certain circumstances bistability can occur. The bistable region should be avoided if possible when using feedback interferometry for high-accuracy measurement with low-input powers, as it can give rise to very high-noise levels. We then go on to investigate the effects of shot noise (on the interferometer output signal) and thermal noise (in the feedback loop), and relate these to the phase measurement accuracy of the interferometer. A ‘best-case’ calculation indicates that phase noise of about 0.005λ is possible at input powers in the nanowatt region. In practice, we expect that noise levels will be higher than predicted (particularly at high-input powers) due to the effects of vibration and air turbulence. 相似文献
95.
M. Buendí a C. Rold n R. Cibri n R. Salvador M. Dolz R. Belda V. Herraez E. Ram n 《Optics & Laser Technology》1990,22(6):399-402
A device for automatically obtaining the information contained in holographic interferometry fringes is proposed. The method may be applied to any kind of interferometric fringes. Accuracy has been demonstrated by contrasting the results obtained with our prototype system and those with the single-beam speckle interferometry technique for the measurement of displacements in a plane. The results show good correlation between the two series of measurements. 相似文献
96.
M. E. Pleydell 《Optics & Laser Technology》1987,19(3)
This note reports a laser Doppler interferometer for measuring the axial motion of solid targets which have had no prior preparation. Both magnitude and sense of motion are measured to a resolution at least 0.316 μm usinga passive optical system and simple signal processing, making the device relatively cheap to construct. Results indicate that the LDI is capable of good linearity over a substantial range of target amplitudes and has a reasonable degree of immunity from speckle effects. 相似文献
97.
We study the role of entanglement and non-locality in quantum protocols that make use of systems of identical particles. Unlike in the case of distinguishable particles, the notions of entanglement and non-locality for systems whose constituents cannot be distinguished and singly addressed are still debated. We clarify why the only approach that avoids incongruities and paradoxes is the one based on the second quantization formalism, whereby it is the entanglement of the modes that can be populated by the particles that really matters and not the particles themselves. Indeed, by means of a metrological and of a teleportation protocol, we show that inconsistencies arise in formulations that force entanglement and non-locality to be properties of the identical particles rather than of the modes they can occupy. The reason resides in the fact that orthogonal modes can always be addressed while identical particles cannot. 相似文献
98.
Electronic-speckle-pattern interferometry and moiré interferometry have been used to calculateK
1 andJ for compact tension specimens. Automated-fringe-pattern analysis enables the full-field of data to be used with the minimum
of operator intervention. Measurements are shown to be accurate to within 10 percent. TheJ-measurement procedure employed could form the basis of an automatic-fault detection system. 相似文献
99.
用白光相对客观散斑技术实测海冰力学性质的初探 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文提出了一种改进的白光散技术,应用此技术测量了单轴压缩下海冰的弹性模量,实测结果与电测法的结果符合程度良好,本文方法操作简单,避免了海水的表面缺隐和浸反射条件差以及表面升华等因素对测量的影响。 相似文献
100.