半参数非线性模型的统计诊断与影响分析

本文系统研究了半参数非线性回归模型的统计诊断与影响分析方法;得到了一系列诊断统计量,两个实际数值例子验证了本文给出的诊断方法的有效性。     

铁磁/非铁磁/铁磁层状薄膜的巨磁阻抗效应的计算

基于文献[17]和[18]提出的铁磁非铁磁铁磁层状薄膜的电磁模型,详细研究了层状薄膜的巨磁阻抗增强效应,以及磁性层和非磁性层厚度与层状薄膜的巨磁阻抗效应的关系.分析表明,铁磁层和非铁磁层薄膜的电阻率相差越大,越有利于获得显著的巨磁阻抗效应;对于总厚度要求一定的层状薄膜,铁磁层和非铁磁层薄膜存在一最佳厚度 关键词： 巨磁阻抗效应 磁性薄膜 趋肤效应     

Preparation of Well‐Defined PVOH/C60 Nanohybrids by Cobalt‐Mediated Radical Polymerization of Vinyl Acetate

Summary: Poly(vinyl acetate) chains end‐capped by a Co(acac)₂ complex [PVAc‐Co(acac)₂] were prepared by bulk cobalt‐mediated radical polymerization (CMRP) of vinyl acetate and used for grafting fullerene (C60) with four PVAc arms at low temperature (30 °C). A photoactive water‐soluble poly(vinyl alcohol)/C60 nanohybrid was then prepared by hydrolysis of the PVAc arms of the nanohybrid. Because of photoactivity and very low cytotoxicity, this type of water‐soluble nanohybrid is very promising for the photodynamic cancer therapy.

Strategy for the preparation of PVAc/C60 nanohybrid and hydrolysis of PVAc/C60 nanohybrid into PVOH/C60 nanohybrid.     

Polypyrrole Nanospheres with Magnetic and Cell‐Targeting Capabilities

The preparation of polypyrrole/Fe₃O₄ nanospheres by a facile mini‐emulsion polymerization method is investigated using poly(ethylene glycol), poly(ethylene oxide), poly(vinyl alcohol), and hyaluronic acid as surfactants. Hyaluronic acid is deemed the most suitable surfactant since it results in well‐dispersed nanospheres of 80–100 nm, and offers the advantages of biocompatibility, cell adhesive property, and the availability of functional groups for attachment of other molecules. These polypyrrole/Fe₃O₄ nanospheres are magnetic and can be further functionalized with a cancer antibody, herceptin. Our results show that this combination of hyaluronic acid and herceptin results in high specific uptake of the nanospheres by cancer cells.

     

中国科学院近代物理研究所重离子束治癌进展

介绍了中国科学院近代物理研究所在重离子束治癌研究和治疗装置研制方面的最新进展, 以及中国科学院近代物理研究所重离子束治癌的发展规划。     

Large area planar plasma sustained by surface microwave

In this paper, we show theoretically and experimentally that the large-area planar plasma with high density and good uniformity can be sustained by a surface microwave when the electron density is over-dense. From the experimental results we find that the nonuniformities in azimuthal plasma density and electron temperature have been greatly improved and in particular the nonuniformity is less than 10{\%} when the gas pressure is 30 Pa. By improving the antenna shape, enhancing the microwave power and choosing the appropriate gas pressure, the large area planar plasma with high density can be produced.     

傅里叶变换红外光谱应用于乳腺癌临床诊断的探索

应用了ATR探头测定了10例正常乳腺组织块和8例乳腺癌组织块的傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱,用统计学的方法详细比较了乳腺癌组织与正常乳腺组织的13条谱带的19个红外光谱指标的差异。结果表明：乳腺癌组织的红外光谱中与蛋白质、脂类、碳水化合物和核酸相关的谱带同正常乳腺组织之间存在明显的差异：(1)N—H的相对强度明显增高,蛋白质酰胺Ⅰ带显著红移。(2)—CH₂基团的对称伸缩振动和反对称伸缩振动以及CO的伸缩振动明显减少;(—CH₂)_n变角振动的相对强度降低。(3)1 160 cm-1谱带与1 120 cm-1谱带的相对强度明显降低。(4)1 080 cm-1谱带红移。这些差异是应用红外光谱诊断乳腺癌的基础。FTIR光谱在乳腺癌的临床诊断和治疗方面有着十分美好的前景。     

基于5-氨基乙酰丙酸的SD大鼠结肠组织荧光光谱多变量统计分析方法研究

探讨用多变量统计分析方法对激光诱导的SD大鼠结肠组织5-ALA-PpⅨ荧光光谱进行分类,以诊断结肠早癌。对20只DMH诱导的SD大鼠,12只诱导鼠的第二代鼠,8只正常SD大鼠,按25 mg·kg-1体重剂量尾静脉注射5-ALA,150 min后进行活体激光检测,钛宝石激光器激发波长370 nm。将343条3类组织谱线分为训练组和预测组,经预处理,再采用主成分分析法提取4个主成分变量。利用训练组建立逐步多变量Logistic回归模型,并对预测组预测。3类组织病理类型两两结合,共构建3个回归方程。正常组织与早癌及进展期癌识别的特异性分别为100%, 98.4%,敏感性分别为96%, 100%,准确率分别为98%, 99.2%。在光敏剂5-ALA的辅助作用下,对370 nm激光诱导的结肠组织荧光光谱,采用主成分变量压缩与逐步多变量Logistic回归分析方法相结合,可以获得较高的正常组织对早癌及进展期癌组织识别特异性和敏感性,是一种较有潜力的结肠早癌无损诊断方法。     

基于功能化溶胶-凝胶膜的乳腺癌抗原免疫传感器

结合溶胶-凝胶(sol-gel)和交联技术,将乳腺癌抗体固定在铂盘电极表面的氨基化sol-gel功能膜上,制备出用于检测乳腺癌抗原(CA15-3)的免疫传感器.用红外光谱验证了该传感器功能膜的形成过程和组成结构,采用循环伏安法对传感器逐层修饰过程进行了表征,并对传感器功能膜的作用机理进行了探讨.该法检测CA15-3的线性范围为8～240U/mL,线性回归方程为ΔE=75.75lgc-56.36,r=0.998.结果表明,该方法很好地保持了被固定抗体的活性,增强了传感器的稳定性,所制备的传感器于4℃干态保存30d,其响应信号基本不变.且该传感器响应迅速、灵敏度高、选择性好,血清中常见抗原不干扰测定.     

从层层组装的核壳粒子到医学/生物化学诊断和药物输送*

层层组装的核壳型粒子由于具有尺度和组成的剪裁优点近年来得到了广泛的研究,它们为技术应用如医学/生物化学诊断和药物输送提供了新的机遇.本文综述了基于层层自组装和胶体模板以及采用各种化学和物理方法直接除去核制备磁性复合核壳粒子和空腔球体.给出了核壳粒子在药物输送、生物检测与标记应用的一些实例.