Analytical and empirical studies on the characteristic resistances of no-insulation GdBCO racetrack pancake coil under various operating currents

This paper presents the effects of the Lorentz force on the electrical behaviors of the no-insulation (NI) GdBCO racetrack pancake (RP) coil without turn-to-turn insulation by performing charging/discharging and sudden-discharging tests. The simulation results of the 2-dimensional finite element method showed that the Lorentz forces were generated towards the center of the winding pack consisting of 60-turn GdBCO CCs, which could enhanced the turn-to-turn contact within the RP coil. The charging/discharging test results indicated that the characteristic resistance (R_c) of the NI RP coil decreased with increasing operating current, which was caused by an increase of the Lorentz force. Further, the results of the sudden-discharging tests exhibited that the Lorentz force was dissipated instantly during the sudden-discharge of the coil, since the operating current immediately decreased to zero. Overall, this study clearly demonstrated that the Lorentz force induced by the operating current exerts the electrical behaviors of an NI RP coil.     

Synthesis,characterization and electrochemical performances of LiFePO4/graphene cathode material for high power lithium-ion batteries

LiFePO₄/graphene (LiFePO₄/G) cathode with exciting electrochemical performance was successfully synthesized by liquid phase method. LiFePO₄ nanoparticles wrapped with multi-layered grapheme can be fabricated in a short time. This method did not need external heating source. Heat generated by chemical reaction conduct the process and removed the solvent simultaneously. The LiFePO₄/G were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), magnetic properties analysis and electrochemical performance tests. The LiFePO₄/G delivered a capacity of 160 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.1C and could tolerate various dis-charge currents with a capacity retention rate of 99.8%, 99.2%, 99.0%, 98.6%, 97.3% and 95.0% after stepwise under 5C, 10C, 15C, 20C, 25C and 30C, respectively.     

Preparation of dendritic‐like CdS by hydrothermal method and its photocatalytic performance

In this article, dendritic‐like CdS has been prepared by a hydrothermal method using thiourea as the sulfur source, and the effects of experimental conditions on the morphologies of CdS have been investigated. The performances of CdS have been analyzed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and the fluorescence and photodegradation properties of CdS have also been investigated. The XRD result indicates that the dendritic‐like CdS are of hexagonal phase and they are highly crystallized. Also, the FESEM results show that the ratio of raw material affects the yield of CdS, the reaction time affects the morphology of CdS. The best morphology of CdS is dendritic structures and the length is about 6 μm. The fluorescence spectrum shows three peaks at 470 nm, 513 nm and 547 nm, which indicates that the dendritic‐like CdS mainly emits green and blue fluorescence. Moreover, the dendritic‐like CdS exhibits good photocatalytic activity and its photodegradation rate to methylene blue can reach 92%. The growth mechanism for the formation of CdS with dendritic structure is also described.     

Optical properties of flower‐like CdS prepared by a hydrothermal method with SDBS as surfactant

In this article, flower‐like CdS structures have been prepared by a hydrothermal method with SDBS as surfactant. The influences of different experimental conditions on the morphologies, UV‐Vis and fluorescence properties of CdS have been investigated. The performances of CdS have been analyzed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), ultraviolet‐visible (UV–Vis) and room‐temperature photoluminescence (PL). The XRD result indicates that the flower‐like CdS structures are of hexagonal phase. The FESEM results indicate that the main role of SDBS is to make the CdS crystals assemble together to form the flower‐like structures. The UV–Vis results show CdS has a strong absorption in the ultraviolet region and visible‐light region. The PL results show CdS has two emission peaks, respectively at 461 nm and 553 nm. The growth mechanism for the formation of flower‐like CdS structures is also described.     

Electrospinning synthesis and photocatalytic property of CaFe2O4/MgFe2O4 heterostructure for degradation of tetracycline

CaFe₂O₄/MgFe₂O₄ nanowires with heterostructure had been successfully synthesized by electrospinning method. The obtained samples were systematically characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐Ray diffraction (XRD), UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV‐Vis DR) and Environment scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). The novel CaFe₂O₄/MgFe₂O₄ nanowires exhibit an enhanced photocatalytic activity for degrading of tetracycline (TC) under visible light. Compared with bare CaFe₂O₄ or MgFe₂O₄ samples, the prepared CaFe₂O₄/MgFe₂O₄ (Ca:Mg:Fe = 3:2:10) composited nanowires show the best photocatalytic performance with a degradation efficiency of 40% after 150 min reaction time. This enhancement is attributed to the heterostructure of CaFe₂O₄/MgFe₂O₄ nanowires, which effectively repress the recombination of photo‐generated electrons and holes. Based on heterostructure and energy band positions, the enhancement of mechanism under visible‐light enhances the photocatalytic activity.     

Improved Photobleaching for (1,10-phenanthroline)tris[4,4,4-trifluoro-1-(2-thienyl)-1,3-butanedionato]europium(III) Particle Embedded in Sol-Gel Derived Glass Film

In this research, we investigated improved photobleaching characteristics of (1,10-phenanthroline)tris[4,4,4-trifluoro-1-(2-thienyl)-1,3-butanedionato]europium(III) by forming nano-particles embedded into a sol-gel derived silica glass film by a conventional sol-gel process. The relative photoluminescence intensities after the UV irradiation for 90 min were 88, 76, and 67% for nano-particles in the sol-gel derived glass film, powders in the sol-gel derived glass film, and raw powders, respectively. This result indicates that the phtobleaching of this Eu-complex can improved by forming nano-partcile structures by a reprecipitation method and embedding in the sol-gel derived silica glass.     

新型复合共沉淀法制备高能量/高功率型锂离子二次电池用5V正极材料LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4及其电化学性能

在传统的固相法的基础上开发了新型复合共沉淀法制备LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4材料.新型复合共沉淀法采用(NH4)2CO3和(NH4)2C2O4共同作为沉淀剂,通过控制共沉淀反应条件,得到了具有均匀球形形貌的沉淀物颗粒.再通过与饱和氢氧化锂溶液的水热反应及高温反应,最终制备出具有球形次级形貌和纯相尖晶石结构的LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4材料.电化学测试表明,制备的LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4具有优异的电化学性能,其初始容量达到了141.4mAh·g-1.在0.3C、1C和3C倍率下经过200次循环后的容量分别为136.0 mAh·g-1(96.3%)、128.6 mAh·g-1(94.4%)和113.9 mAh·g-1(91.1%).通过高温反应及特殊的冷却处理,LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4在4.0 V低压区平台的容量损失得到了有效抑制.更重要的是,通过控制合成过程中的关键步骤,可实现半定量化控制材料结构中的原子有序排布程度,进而得到具有高能量密度和高功率密度的两种LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4材料,其能量密度和功率密度分别达到了648.6 mWh·g-1和7000 mW·g-1以上.     

水热-溶胶-凝胶法合成多壁碳纳米管-Na3V2（PO4）3复合物及其作为锂离子电池正极材料的性能

采用水热和溶胶-凝胶相结合的方法,制备了具有良好电化学性能的新型多壁碳纳米管-Na₃V₂（PO₄）₃（MWCNT-NVP）复合材料（MWCNT的质量分数为8.74%）. 通过场发射扫描电子显微镜表征可知,MWCNT分散在NVP纳米颗粒之间,并起到“电子导电线”的作用. 与纯Na₃V₂（PO₄）₃相比,MWCNT-NVP具有更高的比容量和更优异的循环性能. 在0.2C（35.2 mA·g^-1）的电流密度下,3.0-4.5 V的电压范围内,MWCNT-NVP的初始比容量为82.2 mAh·g^-1. 循环100次以后,比容量为72.3 mAh·g^-1. 在1.0-3.0 V充放电时,MWCNT-NVP的初始容量为100.6 mAh·g^-1. 100次循环以后,其容量保持率高达90%. 同时,交流阻抗测试表明,由于MWCNT的存在,MWCNT-NVP的导电性有了显著的提高. 以上结果表明,MWCNT-NVP是一种良好的锂离子电池电极材料.     

BiOI/Bi_2WO_6对甲基橙和苯酚的光催化降解及光催化机理(英文)

采用简单的沉积方法制备了不同碘化氧铋含量的BiOI/Bi2WO6光催化剂,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、高分辨透射电子显微镜(HR-TEM)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)和BET比表面积测量对其进行了表征。在紫外和可见光的照射下,使用甲基橙和苯酚的光催化降解评价了BiOI/Bi2WO6催化剂的光催化性能。结果表明:与商业P25和纯Bi2WO6相比,13.2%BiOI/Bi2WO6光催化剂具有更高的紫外和可见光催化性能。这明显增加的光催化活性主要归功于光生电子和空穴在Bi2WO6和BiOI界面上的有效转移,降低了电子-空穴对的复合。基于BiOI和Bi2WO6的能带结构,提出了光生载流子的一种转移过程。自由基清除剂的实验表明,·OH,h+,·O2-和H2O2,特别是h+,共同支配了甲基橙和苯酚的光催化降解过程。