Comprehensive DFT and MO studies on glyoxilic acid oxime and related ions in gas phase and solution: Conformations,basicities and acidities

Density functional (BLYP, B3LYP and BHLYP) and highly correlated MP2 and CCSD(T) calculations have been performed to investigate conformers, energy barriers, intramolecular H-bond strength, gas-phase basicity and deprotonation energies of glyoxilic acid oxime (gao) and related ions in gas phase and in aqueous solution (SCRF-PCM method). BHLYP/6-311G(d,p) and B3LYP/6-31++G(d) predictions for the global minimum conformer of gao were consistent with experiment. BLYP level overestimated the H-bond and stabilized incorrectly the H-bonded conformer. The calculations in solution indicated destabilization of H-bonded conformers due to the small polarizability and weaken of the H-bond. The same global minimum structures in gas phase and aqueous solution were found for gao-neutral (ectt) and gao-dianion (e⁻²), whereas they were different for gao-anion because of the strong decrease of the conformational energies in solution. The global minimum structures of the neutral, anion and dianion of gao, obtained in solution, are in agreement with experiment. The gas-phase basicity (GB) and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) calculations revealed the same sites for electrophilic attack, supported by the nature of HOMO: the carbonylic oxygen for the neutral, the carboxylic oxygen for the anion and the oxime nitrogen for the dianion. MEP results in gas phase and in solution suggested a region between the two atoms, but not on one atom in accordance with bidentate binding of gao ions to a metal. The BHLYP/6-31++G(d,p) molecular properties of gao were in best consistent with CCSD(T) results. The thermodynamical properties (GB and bond deprotonation energy) of gao were better estimated at B3LYP level.     

DPPH (= 2,2‐Diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl = 2,2‐Diphenyl‐1‐(2,4,6‐trinitrophenyl)hydrazyl) Radical‐Scavenging Reaction of Protocatechuic Acid Esters (= 3,4‐Dihydroxybenzoates) in Alcohols: Formation of Bis‐alcohol Adduct

Protocatechuic acid esters (= 3,4‐dihydroxybenzoates) scavenge ca. 5 equiv. of radical in alcoholic solvents, whereas they consume only 2 equiv. of radical in nonalcoholic solvents. While the high radical‐scavenging activity of protocatechuic acid esters in alcoholic solvents as compared to that in nonalcoholic solvents is due to a nucleophilic addition of an alcohol molecule at C(2) of an intermediate o‐quinone structure, thus regenerating a catechol (= benzene‐1,2‐diol) structure, it is still unclear why protocatechuic acid esters scavenge more than 4 equiv. of radical (C(2) refers to the protocatechuic acid numbering). Therefore, to elucidate the oxidation mechanism beyond the formation of the C(2) alcohol adduct, 3,4‐dihydroxy‐2‐methoxybenzoic acid methyl ester ( 4 ), the C(2) MeOH adduct, which is an oxidation product of methyl protocatechuate ( 1 ) in MeOH, was oxidized by the DPPH radical (= 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl) or o‐chloranil (= 3,4,5,6‐tetrachlorocyclohexa‐3,5‐diene‐1,2‐dione) in CD₃OD/(D₆)acetone 3 : 1). The oxidation mixtures were directly analyzed by NMR. Oxidation with both the DPPH radical and o‐chloranil produced a C(2),C(6) bis‐methanol adduct ( 7 ), which could scavenge additional 2 equiv. of radical. Calculations of LUMO electron densities of o‐quinones corroborated the regioselective nucleophilic addition of alcohol molecules with o‐quinones. Our results strongly suggest that the regeneration of a catechol structure via a nucleophilic addition of an alcohol molecule with a o‐quinone is a key reaction for the high radical‐scavenging activity of protocatechuic acid esters in alcoholic solvents.     

Comparison of Different Sorbents for Solid-Phase Extraction of Phenoxyalkanoic Acid Herbicides

An HPLC procedure for determination of phenoxyalkanoic acid herbicides in water samples is proposed. The analytical column Phenomenex C18(2) Luna 5 µm and UV detection at 225 nm were applied. Baseline resolution was achieved in isocratic mode with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile/acetic acid (40/60, v/v), adjusted to pH 2.5. SPE sorbents – C₁₈ BondElut, phenyl-silica, LiChrolut SAX and polymeric sorbents – were compared for isolation and preconcentration of 6 phenoxyalkanoic acid herbicides. Higher (above 95%) and more reproducible recoveries were obtained with polymeric and phenyl-silica sorbents using pure methanol for elution. The method was tested for river water samples with the limit of detection in the range of 2–3 µg L⁻¹ (for 50 mL sample) and a reproducibility of 5% RSD.     

RE(III)与2-羰基丙酸水杨酰腙配合物的合成、表征及热化学

用2-羰基丙酸水杨酰腙与轻稀土硝酸盐反应,合成了7种新的配合物.经元素分析、化学分析及X射线粉末衍射等手段确定了其组成为RE(C10H9N2O4)(C10H8N2O4)·nH2O(RE=La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd),用红外、紫外、荧光光谱分析对以上配合物的结构进行了表征;用微热量计测定了稀土芳酰腙配合物的溶解焓,发现其溶解焓数据不随稀土原子序数单调变化,而呈转折变化,可认为呈稀土的四分组现象的前两组.     

Development of an HPLC method with electrochemical detection of femtomoles of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine in the presence of uric acid

A selective method based on high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD) was developed to enable simultaneous detection of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoGua) and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodGuo), products of DNA oxidative damage, in the presence of uric acid (UA), a strong interferent in their electrochemical detection. The method developed consists of HPLC isocratic elution with amperometric detection on a glassy carbon electrode, enabling a detection limit for 8-oxoGua and 8-oxodGuo lower than 1 nM in standard mixtures. Detection of low concentrations up to 25 nM of 8-oxoGua and 8-oxodGuo in the presence of UA in a 10⁴-fold higher concentration was achieved after one-step solid phase extraction (SPE). The method was tested with urine samples and it was possible to detect and quantify the presence of 8-oxoGua, and to confirm that UA was eliminated after uricase degradation and SPE. The LOD found in urine samples was about 80 nM, a value higher than in standard mixtures, due to the increase of background current in the urine matrix. The results presented here contribute to the development of a methodological approach to simultaneous determination of 8-oxoGua and 8-oxodGuo in urine samples.     

石墨炉原子吸收法直接测定高温合金中硅

研究了混合基体改进剂，灰北、原子化温度以及共存元素的干扰，采用镧和钙作混合基体改进剂后，硅的灵敏度提高，抗干扰能力增强，可以用石墨炉原子吸收直接测定高温合多中硅。方法特征量为０．２ｎｇ，检出限为２．３μｇ／ｇ，对于含硅量为４００μｇ／ｇ左右的合金样品，相对标准偏差为５％左右，回收率在９０％－１１０％之间。     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Tetraimidazolium Dinicotinatooctamolybdate

1INTRODUCTIONPolyoxometallates(POM)areofgreatinterestnotonlyfortheirstructuralvarietybutalsotheirunexpectedproperties[1,2].Theseinorganicanionshavebeenwidelyinvestigatedasdiversascatalysis,biology,medicine,magnetochemistryandmaterialscience[3～7].Thestudiesonthecoordinatedpoly-oxometallateswithorganicligandsmighthelptounderstandtherolesofpolyoxometallatesoncatalysis.Todate,aseriesofoctamolybdateswhichcanbedescribedas[Mo8O26X2]2n－4(nisthenormalchargeofthecoordinatedbaseX)havebeenreport…     

聚L－谷氨酸－炔诺酮肟酯复合体的制备

合成了聚Ｌ－谷氨酸－炔诺酮肟酯的复合体，炔诺酮的接入量为２２．８％．体外释放时间约１５大。     

Determination of Dopamine in the Presence of Ascorbic Acid on the IrO2-Ta2O5 Type DSA Electrode

IrO2Ta2O5 (70%: 30%, molar ratio) electrodes (ITEs) were prepared by the thermal decomposition method. Typical “mud-cracked” surface and surface enrichment of Ta were observed. The determination of dopamine (DA) was carried out in the presence of ascorbic acid (AA). The detection limit of DA was 5~10 5 mol/L without the interference of AA.     

双波长薄层紫外可见光谱电化学测定多巴胺

多巴胺 (DA)和抗坏血酸 (AA)的吸收光谱在 2 0 0～ 30 0nm内重叠严重 ,但在电化学氧化状态下 ,DA的氧化产物在 2 10 ,30 0和 4 80nm有强吸收峰 ,AA的氧化产物在 2 0 0～ 4 0 0nm范围内吸收较弱且呈光滑平缓的斜坡。在此基础上 ,利用自行设计的长光程薄层光谱电化学池建立了一种双波长光谱电化学法测定DA。测定条件为 pH 6 .2的磷酸盐缓冲液 (PBS) ,0 .6V (vs.Ag/AgCl)电极电位 ,双波长 318/ 2 93nm ,线性范围为 4 .0× 10 - 6 ～ 2 .0× 10 - 4mol·L- 1,检出限为 2 .0×10 - 6 mol·L- 1。对 6 .2 0× 10 - 5mol·L- 1DA进行 11次平行测定 ,平均相对偏差为 2 .6 %。与文献报道的吸光光度法相比 ,该法具有较高的灵敏度和选择性 ,较为有效地消除了AA的干扰 ,回收率在 91.8%～ 10 0 .8%之间 ,结果满意