不同响应波长的HgCdTe光导器件噪声分析

研究了不同响应波长的HgCdTe器件在不同背景辐射条件下的噪声变化.随着背景辐射的增加,甚长波器件的噪声减小,而中波器件相反.噪声频谱测量表明,产生-复合噪声分量和1/f噪声分量是器件的主要噪声来源,并且这两个分量随背景的变化趋势相同.非平衡载流子和器件有效寿命的理论分析,表明器件噪声随背景辐射的变化存在一个极大值,而中波和甚长波器件处在不同的作用区域内,接受到的背景辐射对载流子浓度和器件有效寿命的影响不同,从而噪声变化表现不同.在此基础上,提出了"临界背景通量密度"的概念.     

基于背景噪音谱分析的匹配滤波器设计研究

在空间匹配滤波器设计过程中,为抑制输入场景中背景噪音对输出相关平面上相关点的影响,通过比较匹配滤波函数和背景噪音的傅里叶谱,根据两者差值的量级对匹配滤波函数的振幅进行非线性调制,在匹配滤波过程中使设计的空间匹配滤波器对强噪音的傅里叶谱处透过率降低,而尽量保持输入图像傅里叶谱的高透过率,从而增加输出相关平面上的信噪比,实现相关点的正确探测。计算机模拟和实验结果表明：与纯相位匹配滤波器相比其抗噪能力得到较大改善。     

开路光伏空间孤子的动态行为

从理论上研究了开路情况下一维光伏空间孤子的时间演化过程.采用数值方法,通过研究有无背景光辐照下光伏空间亮(暗)孤子的含时空间电荷场,分别得到了光伏空间亮(暗)孤子的孤子波形强度微分方程.在此基础上研究了开路情况下通过增加均匀背景光辐照强度对光伏空间孤子及其半峰全宽的影响.结果显示,通过增加均匀背景光辐照强度,光伏空间孤子随时间的演化过程比没有均匀背景光时加快的倍数为均匀背景光强与暗辐照光强之比.光伏空间孤子的半峰全宽达到稳态所需的时间随孤子峰值强度和暗辐照与均匀背景光强度之和的比值的增大而变短.     

可见光波段SiO2/CdSe一维光子晶体及缺陷模的研究究

采用SiO2/CdSe构建了可见光波段一维光子晶体结构,并在其中引入LiTaO3缺陷层。利用传输矩阵法,分析了电磁波在无缺陷与含LiTaO3缺陷层两种光子晶体中的带隙结构,系统地研究了缺陷层参数对光子晶体可见光波段带隙结构的影响规律。计算结果表明：LiTaO3的引入,有利于带隙宽度的增加,调整缺陷层结构参数,缺陷模的位置可在不同颜色区域出现,如红光、黄光等缺陷模。该结构有望用于制作可见光波段的滤波器。     

New evidence for lack of CMB power on large scales

A digitalized temperature map is recovered from the first light sky survey image published by the Planck team, from which an angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is derived. The amplitudes of the low multipoles (low-l) measured from the preliminary Planck power spectrum are significantly lower than those reported by the WMAP team. Possible systematical effects are far from enough to explain the observed low-l differences.     

考虑保守卖空与财务困境的背景风险投资组合模型

如何合理地考虑投资者所面临的背景风险及现实市场限制来进行有效地投资决策是人们所广泛关注的重要实际管理决策问题。本文研究投资者同时面临加性和乘性两类背景风险的前提下具有保守卖空与财务困境的投资组合选择问题。假定投资者寻求使得投资收益最大、投资风险最小及证券主体财务困境最小的最优投资组合策略,进而提出考虑保守卖空与财务困境的背景风险投资组合模型。然后,利用具有精英策略的非支配排序遗传算法对模型进行求解。最后,通过实例来阐述模型的实用性。研究结果表明：考虑保守卖空能为投资者提供更大的收益;两类背景风险的变化均导致有效前沿面的变化。     

基于BOS的超声速流场瞬态密度场的可视化

瞬态密度场的可视化对于超声速流场复杂流动机理研究有着重要的参考价值.设计了基于脉冲激光照明的瞬态密度场可视化系统,针对非对称尖锥模型在Ф=120 mm激波风洞开展了双方向密度场可视化应用研究,获得了Ma=6条件下激波流场清晰的瞬态和长曝光背景纹影图像.研究表明,瞬态背景纹影图像曝光时间为10 ns,能够有效"冻结"超声...     

基于高精度数值积分的结构顺风向风振计算

对于采用Davenport风谱作为脉动风荷载功率谱密度函数的结构风振计算,建立一种适合高精度数值积分的计算格式,采用高精度的龙贝格求积法计算结构顺风向风振响应的数值解,并认为此解可以作为理论解的良好逼近;以本文的数值积分解作为比较依据,检验了基于背景分量共振分量的结构风振计算方法的精确度和适用性。     

An intelligent background‐correction algorithm for highly fluorescent samples in Raman spectroscopy

Fluorescent background is a major problem in recoding the Raman spectra of many samples, which swamps or obscures the Raman signals. The background should be suppressed in order to perform further qualitative or quantitative analysis of the spectra. For this purpose, an intelligent background‐correction algorithm is developed, which simulates manual background‐correction procedure intelligently. It basically consists of three aspects: (1) accurate peak position detection in the Raman spectrum by continuous wavelet transform (CWT) with the Mexican Hat wavelet as the mother wavelet; (2) peak‐width estimation by signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) enhancing derivative calculation based on CWT but with the Haar wavelet as the mother wavelet; and (3) background fitting using penalized least squares with binary masks. This algorithm does not require any preprocessing step for transforming the spectrum into the wavelet space and can suppress the fluorescent background of Raman spectra intelligently and validly. The algorithm is implemented in R language and available as open source software ( http://code.google.com/p/baselinewavelet ). Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The 2D magnetohydrodynamic system with Euler-like velocity equation and partial magnetic diffusion

When the velocity equation of the incompressible 2D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) system is inviscid, the global well-posedness and stability problem in the whole space ${\mathbb{R}}^2$ case remains an extremely challenging open problem. Broadman, Lin, and Wu (SIAM J. Math. Anal. 52(5) (2020): 5001-5035) were able to establish the global well-posedness and stability near a background magnetic field when there is damping in one velocity component. Their work exploited the stabilizing effect of the background magnetic field. This paper presents new progress. We are able to prove the global well-posedness and stability even when the magnetic diffusion is degenerate and only in the vertical direction. The velocity equation is still inviscid and has damping only in the vertical component. The proof of this new result overcomes two main difficulties, the potential rapid growth of the velocity due to the lack of dissipation or horizontal damping and the control of nonlinearity associated with the magnetic field. By discovering the key hidden smoothing effects and incorporating them in the construction of a two-layered energy function, we are able to obtain uniform bounds on the solution in the H³-norm when the initial perturbation is near the background magnetic field. In addition, we prove that certain Lebesgue and Sobolev norms of the solution approach zero as time approaches infinity.