Development of Biosensor for Catechol Using Electrosynthesized Poly(3‐methylthiophene) and Incorporation of LAC Simultaneously

Simultaneous electropolymerization of 3‐methylthiophene and incorporation of Laccase (LAC) was carried out in the presence of propylene carbonate as a medium by amperometric method. This enzyme modified electrode was used for the sensing of polyphenol. Catechol is taken as a model compound for the study. UV‐Vis spectral studies suggest no denaturation of LAC in presence of propylene carbonate. The SEM studies reveal the surface morphology and incorporation of LAC in P3MT with agglomerated flaky masses are observed in with and without enzyme micrographs. The cyclic voltammograms were recorded for 0.01 mM catechol on plain glassy carbon, polymer and enzyme incorporated electrodes at pH 6.0 and scan rate 50 mV s^?1. The fabricated electrochemical biosensor was used for the determination of catechol in aqueous solution by Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) technique. The concentration linear range of 8×10^?8 to 1.4×10^?5 M a value of Michealis? Menten constant K_m=7.67 µmol dm^?3 and activation energy is 32.75 kJ mol^?1. It retains 83 % of the original activity after 60 days which is much higher than that of other biosensors. The developed biosensor was used to quantify catechol in the determination in real samples.     

Observation of radially polarized terahertz radiation generated by a sub-picosecond electron beam

The fundamental property of radially polarized terahertz radiation, which is axial symmetry of the polarization state in the radial direction, was measured with a Schottky diode detector and with a terahertz camera and wire-grid linear polarizer. Radially polarized terahertz radiation was generated from coherent transition radiation using a 30-MeV sub-picosecond electron beam. Bow-tie intensity distributions, aligned along the polarization direction, were clearly observed with the terahertz camera and could be rotated by changing the direction of the linear polarizer. The measured intensity distribution agreed with the calculated value. A video of the data can be found online.     

Detection of Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate in Blood Plasma: Application of Hematite in Electrochemical Sensors

We studied sensor application of a graphene oxide and hematite (α‐Fe₂O₃/GO) composite electrode well‐characterized by the SEM and XRD. Through differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), oxidation of dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DSP) was studied at the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with graphene oxide nanosheets (GO) and the α‐Fe₂O₃/GO composite. The values of the transfer coefficient (α) and the diffusion coefficient (D) of DSP were 0.5961 and 4.71×10^?5 cm² s^?1 respectively. In the linear range of 0.1–50 μM, the detection limit (DL) was 0.076 μM. In the second step, a GCE was modified with α‐Fe₂O₃/GO composite and the DSP measurement step was repeated to analyzed and compare the effects of hematite nanoparticles present on graphene oxide surfaces. According to the results, α and D were 0.52 and 2.406×10^?4 cm² s^?1 respectively and the DL was 0.046 μM in the linear range of 0.1–10.0 μM. The sensor is simple, inexpensive and uses blood serum.     

Radiation-Induced Oxidation Reactions of 2-Selenouracil in Aqueous Solutions: Comparison with Sulfur Analog of Uracil

One-electron oxidation of 2-selenouracil (2-SeU) by hydroxyl (^●OH) and azide (^●N₃) radicals leads to various primary reactive intermediates. Their optical absorption spectra and kinetic characteristics were studied by pulse radiolysis with UV-vis spectrophotometric and conductivity detection and by the density functional theory (DFT) method. The transient absorption spectra recorded in the reactions of ^●OH with 2-SeU are dominated by an absorption band with an λ_max = 440 nm, the intensity of which depends on the concentration of 2-SeU and pH. Based on the combination of conductometric and DFT studies, the transient absorption band observed both at low and high concentrations of 2-SeU was assigned to the dimeric 2c-3e Se-Se-bonded radical in neutral form (2^●). The dimeric radical (2^●) is formed in the reaction of a selenyl-type radical (6^●) with 2-SeU, and both radicals are in equilibrium with K_eq = 1.3 × 10⁴ M⁻¹ at pH 4 (below the pK_a of 2-SeU). Similar equilibrium with K_eq = 4.4 × 10³ M⁻¹ was determined for pH 10 (above the pK_a of 2-SeU), which admittedly involves the same radical (6^●) but with a dimeric 2c-3e Se-Se bonded radical in anionic form (2^●−). In turn, at the lowest concentration of 2-SeU (0.05 mM) and pH 10, the transient absorption spectrum is dominated by an absorption band with an λ_max = 390 nm, which was assigned to the ^●OH adduct to the double bond at C5 carbon atom (3^●) based on DFT calculations. Similar spectral and kinetic features were also observed during the ^●N₃-induced oxidation of 2-SeU. In principle, our results mostly revealed similarities in one-electron oxidation pathways of 2-SeU and 2-thiouracil (2-TU). The major difference concerns the stability of dimeric radicals with a 2c-3e chalcogen-chalcogen bond in favor of 2-SeU.     

低于13K的单级脉管制冷机性能研究

回热器是脉管制冷机的关键部件之一,其效率对脉管制冷机性能有很大影响。铅丸是常见的蓄冷材料,通常用于回热器的低温端。本文测试和分析了不同品质的国产铅丸和进口铅丸对单级G-M型脉管制冷机性能的影响。采用额定功率为6．0 kW的压缩机驱动,使用进口铅丸脉管制冷机最低制冷温度达12．9 K,这是当前单级脉管制冷机达到的最低制冷温度;40 K时的最大制冷量为57．4 W。使用国产铅丸最低制冷温度为13．6 K,40 K时的最大制冷量为55．9 W。本文对低温制冷机蓄冷材料选择具有一定的参考价值。     

氨基乙硫醇修饰金电极直接测定芦丁含量的研究

利用分子自组装技术制备氨基乙硫醇修饰金电极,并采用脉冲伏安法直接测定芦丁的含量。以pH7.0的乙醇和磷酸盐混合缓冲溶液作底液,芦丁在氨基乙硫醇修饰金电极上于0.19 V(vs.SCE)处呈现一灵敏的氧化电流峰,峰电流和芦丁的浓度在8.0~2.5×102μmol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系。由于抗坏血酸在氨基乙硫醇修饰金电极上的氧化电位出现显著负移,因此,可避免抗坏血酸对芦丁检测的干扰。本方法可以不经预分离直接检测药物中芦丁含量。     

一种新型温度自补偿高灵敏度折射率计

基于高频CO2激光脉冲写入的新型超长周期光纤光栅(ULPFG),提出了一种可实现温度自补偿的新型高灵敏度折射率计。理论与实验表明,新型超长周期光纤光栅不同闪耀阶次谐振峰对外界折射率与温度变化的灵敏度各自不同,特别的是,该光栅存在对外界折变不敏感的谐振峰,测量中除了可以利用该峰实现温度同时测量外,还可以补偿另一个测量折变的谐振峰因温度变化带来的测量误差。该折射率计具有制作简单、成本低、强度好,灵敏度高等优点,当外界折射率在1.43~1.45范围内变化时,其折射率测量灵敏度可达每单位折射率240 nm,在实际工业应用中具有较大的潜在实用价值。     

Nd:GGG晶体荧光寿命的测试

针对Nd:GGG激光器,介绍了荧光寿命测试原理,设计了低频窄脉宽荧光寿命测试系统.该系统由光源、光路系统、驱动电路和探测系统等几部分组成.利用脉冲取样技术测试了Nd:GGG晶体的荧光寿命约为250μs左右.     

Size-dependent thermoelastic initially stressed micro-beam due to a varying temperature in the light of the modified couple stress theory

The bending of the Euler-Bernoulli micro-beam has been extensively modeled based on the modified couple stress (MCS) theory. Although many models have been incorporated into the literature, there is still room for introducing an improved model in this context. In this work, we investigate the thermoelastic vibration of a micro-beam exposed to a varying temperature due to the application of the initial stress employing the MCS theory and generalized thermoelasticity. The MCS theory is used to investigate the material length scale effects. Using the Laplace transform, the temperature, deflection, displacement, flexure moment, and stress field variables of the micro-beam are derived. The effects of the temperature pulse and couple stress on the field distributions of the micro-beam are obtained numerically and graphically introduced. The numerical results indicate that the temperature pulse and couple stress have a significant effect on all field variables.     

相位可控的核四极矩共振激励脉冲发生器设计

在核四极矩共振（NQR）领域,射频激励脉冲信号的优劣对NQR响应信号有重要影响.针对常规方法中射频激励脉冲参数不可控的问题,本文基于32位闪存微型控制器STM32和直接数字频率合成（DDS）芯片AD9910设计了一种相位可控激励脉冲发生器.采用STM32控制AD9910产生波形参数（脉冲宽度、脉冲间隔、脉冲个数和共振频率等）可控的射频激励脉冲,利用LabVIEW软件平台设计脉冲参数设置界面,并建立计算机与微控制器通信,实现波形参数的精确优化控制.实验结果表明,该方法实现了相位可控的NQR激励脉冲序列,可为后续NQR信号检测提供有效激励源.