团队知识共享行为的随机突变模型及仿真

针对团队成员之间的知识共享行为建立一个演化博弈模型,模型中引入监督机制和奖罚机制,并引入白噪声反应博弈过程所受到的随机干扰。借助随机突变理论研究关于团队激励机制、成员自身素质和成员之间交互作用属性参数的连续变化对动力学演化的离散变化的影响即突变性,找到了团队行为发生突变的临界集合。指出演化过程中出现的双模态,反映了团队知识共享行为对外界扰动的敏感性,突跳反映了对参数连续变化的敏感性,而滞后现象反映了管理决策中保持共享行为比治理不共享行为的可靠性。     

随机需求下基于商业信用的回购与收入共享联合契约协调研究

在由单个供应商和单个零售商组成的供应链中,零售商由于资金短缺或风险规避不能达到系统的最优订货量,因此需要采取一些措施使得供应链节点企业间相互合作来实现供应链的协调。本文针对需求随机且供应链节点企业存在缺货惩罚的情况,通过设计基于商业信用(即供应商允许零售商延期支付货款)的完全回购契约来促进零售商提高订购量,以实现供应链系统达到最优利润,分析给出了该契约下的最优订货量和批发价格;在此基础上,为了合理分配供应链系统的总利润,建立了回购与收入共享联合契约模型,发现通过共享系数的变动能够实现供应链系统协调和渠道成员双赢。     

基于微分对策的绿色供应链生态研发策略与协调机制

综合考虑产品绿色度和价格对市场需求的多重影响,构建微分博弈模型,运用最优控制理论,先后考察并比较批发价契约、收益共享契约和集中式决策三种情形下绿色供应链最优生态研发努力和定价策略,进一步采用Rubinstein讨价还价模型设计合理的利润分配契约。研究发现:收益共享契约无法促使绿色供应链实现协调,但在一定条件下,能够有效消除批发价契约的“双重边际效应”;集中式决策下,合理的利润分配契约能够保证供应链成员分得的利润“帕累托最优”,实现供应链协调,且该契约与收益共享比例有关。     

A novel dimeric zinc(II) complex with a tripodal peptide ligand: a structure stabilized by ligand sharing

The crystal structure of a novel dimeric zinc(II) complex, [ZnL(H₂O)]₂(ClO₄)₂·4H₂O (L?=?N-(bis(2-pyridyl)methyl)-2-pyridinecarboxamide), has been determined by X-ray diffraction. In this complex each planar N_py–N_amido–N_py moiety of the ligand coordinates to one zinc ion and the pendant pyridine of one [ZnL] unit completes the coordination sphere of a [ZnL] neighbor. Units of the complex are connected in a two-dimensional network by intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The thermodynamic properties of the ligand with bivalent metal ions Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) were studied by potentiometric titration and the order of the stability constants is in agreement with the Irving–Williams series. The dimeric complex is stabilized through ligand sharing, as confirmed by the crystal structure and thermodynamic properties.     

资金成本下延迟支付期限的收益分享契约

针对由单一制造商和单一零售商组成的供应链系统,建立了随机需求下考虑有资金成本延迟支付期限的收益分享契约模型,研究两种决策(分散化和集中化)下,延迟支付期限是如何影响资金约束零售商的最优订货数量以及供应链系统的利润.分析表明,不管是分散化还是集中化决策,考虑有资金成本延迟支付期限的收益分享契约使供应链系统的最优订货量和利润都增大.最后,运用数值分析验证了结论.     

Sustainability of pension systems with voluntary participation

Motivated by declining support for mandatory participation in pension arrangements, we explore whether the intergenerational risk-sharing benefits that these arrangements offer suffice to ensure their survival when participation becomes voluntary. Funded systems with asset buffers are particularly interesting since these buffers make contributions more sensitive to financial returns. Equilibria are characterised by thresholds on the young’s willingness to contribute. Standard values for our parameters yield two such equilibria; only the one with the higher threshold is consistent with the initial young being prepared to start the system. An advancement relative to the related literature is that the equilibria feature a non-zero probability of collapse. Finally, we explore the social welfare maximising values for the pension parameters for various levels of uncertainty and risk aversion.     

考虑风险的产业技术联盟知识共享演化博弈研究

知识共享是促进产业技术联盟绩效增长的重要途径。考虑产业技术联盟成员风险偏好的差异性,引入成员风险因子与知识共享收益因素,构建基于风险因子和知识共享收益非线性关系的演化博弈支付矩阵,并求得博弈的均衡解。通过TD产业联盟的案例分析,仿真模拟风险因子、收益分配系数等因素对知识共享意愿的影响。研究结果表明:联盟成员的共享意愿对收益分配系数的变化非常敏感;风险因子和知识共享程度对联盟成员的共享意愿影响较大。     

Production of projectile and target K-vacancy in near-symmetric collisions of 60-100 MeV Cu9+ ions with thin Zn target

We report studies on both target and projectile K-shell ionization by collisions of Cu⁹⁺ ions on the thin Zn target in the energy range of 60-100 MeV. In this work, the relative ratio for the production of the target to projectile K-vacancy is measured. The result shows that it almost remains stable over this energy range and has good consistency with the predictions by vacancy transfer via the 2pσ-1sσ rotational coupling, which gives experimental evidence for K-vacancy sharing between two partners. Furthermore, the discussion for comparisons between the experimental ionization cross sections and the possible theoretical estimations is presented. These comparisons suggest that the experimental data agree well with those predicted by the Binary-Encounter approximation (BEA) model but are not in good agreement with the modified BEA calculations. It allows us to infer that the direct ionization (and/or excitation) is of importance to initial K-vacancy production before 2pσ-1sσ transitions in the present collision condition.     

地位差异视角下知识分享策略对组织学习的影响研究

组织学习是提高企业竞争能力的重要途径,人际学习是组织学习的重要组成部分。组织成员间普遍存在的地位差异,会直接影响个体的知识分享策略,继而影响组织学习。然而,以往的组织学习模型通常忽略了个体的地位差异,默认假设每个组织成员的地位是相同的。鉴于此,本文在组织学习经典仿真模型的基础上,引入地位这一特征,综合探讨正向差异化(高地位成员更愿意分享知识)、负向差异化(低地位成员更愿意分享知识)、以及同质化(不同地位的成员有相同的知识分享意愿)这三种知识分享策略对组织学习的影响机理。研究结果表明,三种知识分享策略下,知识分享水平和地位认可度对组织学习的作用关系和作用大小存在显著差异。但总体来说,仅当组织成员的地位认可度较高且知识分享水平较低时,同质化策略才最有利于组织学习;其他情境下,负向差异化策略更有利于提高组织学习绩效。     

最小化碳排放的共享单车迁移问题

本文考虑共享单车迁移问题, 它可看作是经典旅行售货商问题的一个新颖变形, 不同的是其目标函数为最小化碳排放。其中, 碳排放利用单车负载与其行驶路程的乘积进行刻画。我们提出了两个启发式算法：贪心和基于TSP的算法, 每个算法的核心思想均是优先减少单车负载。从理论上证明算法的可行性并给出数据实验以验证算法的实际性能。数据实验结果表明贪心算法优于基于TSP的算法, 这为共享单车企业进行日常单车分配提供了理论依据。