Fluctuation-dominated kinetics in the a+b→0 reaction between immobile particles

We consider the accumulation of immobile particles landing on a one-dimensional lattice and annihilating via the A + B 0 bimolecular reaction. Here we focus on short-range interactions with cutoff. We investigate through computer simulations both the kinetics of the particles' accumulation and also their spatial distribution. The relation between the exponents describing the growth of the particles' concentration and the correlation length of their distribution shows that the kinetics of accumulation is fluctuation-dominated.This work is dedicated to Prof. George H. Weiss.     

香烟燃烧产生的亚微米颗粒物动态粒径谱特征

应用SMPS (Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer)对ETS (Environmental Tobacco Smoke)亚微米颗粒物的粒径谱演变进行了测量分析.结果发现,ETS颗粒物在10~500nm范围内呈对数正态单峰分布,数量粒径谱和质量粒径谱的演化有类似的递减趋势,但其浓度衰减率有明显的不同.分析得知,由于在演化过程中颗粒物直径是动态变化的,并不能用简单的方法获得凝并和沉积损失率.     

用激光解吸附电离飞行时间质谱法检测悬浮土壤颗粒物

在自行研制的气溶胶飞行时间激光质谱仪(ATOFLMS)上实时探测单个悬浮土壤颗粒的粒径和化学成分。利用双束连续激光对单个粒子的空气动力学粒径进行测量,并用266 nm的Nd∶YAG激光器对气溶胶单粒子进行解吸附电离作用,产物离子通过飞行时间质谱仪的无场漂移区后完成单粒子化学成分的检测。本实验中使用了4个不同地区的土壤样本,在实验室内对分析的样本进行预处理和再悬浮,通过导管引入ATOFLMS进行测量,得到大量单粒子的粒径和质谱数据。发现在众多的单粒子的阳离子质谱中,金属成分以地壳元素(Fe, K, Al, Ca)为主,在其他阳离子质谱中包含了Mg和Na等。对悬浮土壤粒子的粒径进行实时检测的结果表明这些粒子多以粗粒子为主, 粒径主要集中在1～2 μm。实验结果表明该仪器在大气气溶胶环境监测及相关研究领域具有重要的实用价值。     

10MW串级脉冲发电机的理论、设计、实验及应用研究

 脉冲发电机具有小型、机动、灵活、可靠、寿命长等特点, 作为高功率固体激光器和加速器电源是一新的技术路线。比较了各种类型脉冲电源的性能指标,解释了旋转磁通压缩和串级原理,提出串级脉冲发电机的自激、偏极与双机同壳概念,给出电机的设计公式,10MW串级脉冲发电机的设计、实验及在强激光与粒子束领域中的潜在应用。     

pH值对KDP晶体中散射颗粒的影响

探讨了不同pH值对KDP晶体散射颗粒的影响。结果表明,不同pH值生长条件下生长的KDP晶体中散射颗粒的尺寸、密度呈现明显差异,pH值为5.5条件下KDP晶体中散射颗粒尺寸明显变大,分布稀疏;pH值为2.0时,散射颗粒密度高,尺寸小。其原因在于形成散射的杂质颗粒的存在形式不同。     

Untersuchungen zur Empfindlichkeit der β-Rückstreumethode bei der Messung dünner Auftragsschichten mit einem 11C-Spezialpräparat

Die Bestimmung dünner Auftragsschichten auf bewegten Trāgermaterialien mit der β-Rūckstreumethode hängt wesentlich von der Empfindlichkeit der Messung und der Dynamik des Prozesses ab.

In diesem Beitrag wird für spezielle Stoffe der Einfluβ der Trāgermaterialien bei Mehrschichtproblemen auf die Empfindlichkeit untersucht.     

Easy and effective method to produce functionalized particles for cellular uptake

In this contribution, a versatile approach for the synthesis of functionalized particles for drug delivery is presented, using two nonaggressive standardized procedures. The first procedure considered is the functionalization of an azido‐terminated α‐norbornenyl poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) macromonomer with an alkyne‐containing active molecule via the copper catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition, click type reaction. The functionalized macromonomer is then polymerized by Ring‐Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP) in dispersion to form functionalized particles. The second procedure consists in synthesizing particles by ROMP in dispersed media of norbornene with azido‐terminated α‐norbornenyl PEO macromonomer. The ROMP was initiated by the first generation Grubbs catalyst. Such functionalized core‐shell particles have stealthy properties due to their PEO shell and can be viewed as universal nanocarriers on which any alkyne‐modified active molecule can be grafted by click chemistry. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2013     

用光纤探针测量飞层前界面状态的初步探索

 对用光纤探针测量飞层前界面微喷、微层裂等现象的机理进行了分析,设计了光纤探针与瞬态粒子场全息照相技术联合测量泰安药柱加载下铅飞层的前界面状态的实验。实验结果表明,光纤探针的测量结果与瞬态全息照相的结果相吻合,说明利用光纤探针可以对微喷粒子场进行有效探测,是一种很有发展潜力的测试技术。     

On the symmetry of three identical interacting particles in a one-dimensional box

We study a quantum-mechanical system of three particles in a one-dimensional box with two-particle harmonic interactions. The symmetry of the system is described by the point group D_3d$D_{3d}$. Group theory greatly facilitates the application of perturbation theory and the Rayleigh–Ritz variational method. A great advantage is that every irreducible representation can be treated separately. Group theory enables us to predict the connection between the states for the small box length and large box length regimes of the system. We discuss the crossings and avoided crossings of the energy levels as well as other interesting features of the spectrum of the system.     

Polymerization of Acrylonitrile Initiated by the System Tetramethyl-2-tetrazene and p-Toluenesulfonic Acid

The polymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) initiated by tetramethyl-2-tetrazene (TMT) and p-toluenesulfonic acid (TSA) in dimethylformamide (DMF) was studied. The polymerization was confirmed to proceed through a radical mechanism. The initial rate of polymerization R was expressed by the equation: R_p = k[TMT]^0.6 [TSA]^0.46 [AN]^1.35. The overall activation energy for the polymerization was estimated as 20.7 kcal/mole. In the absence of monomer, the reaction of TMT with TSA was also studied kinetically by measuring the evolution of nitrogen. From these results and ESR measurement of the TMT/TSA system, a possible initiation mechanism is proposed.