Which stresses affect the glide of screw dislocations in bcc metals?

By direct application of stress in molecular statics calculations we identify the stress components that affect the glide of 1/2?111? screw dislocations in bcc tungsten. These results prove that the hydrostatic stress and the normal stress parallel to the dislocation line do not play any role in the dislocation glide. Therefore, the Peierls stress of the dislocation cannot depend directly on the remaining two normal stresses that are perpendicular to the dislocation but, instead, on their combination that causes an equibiaxial tension-compression (and thus shear) in the plane perpendicular to the dislocation line. The Peierls stress of 1/2?111? screw dislocations then depends only on the orientation of the plane in which the shear stress parallel to the Burgers vector is applied and on the magnitude and orientation of the shear stress perpendicular to the slip direction.     

Electrophoretically deposited sulfonated poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) on a screw for microextraction of cationic dyes from aqueous solutions

In the present work, a novel solid-phase microextraction on a screw (MES) was employed to extract cationic dyes (malachite green, methylene blue, and rhodamine B) from food samples and fish breeding pool water. The sulfonated poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) was electrophoretically deposited on the surface of the grooves of a screw. Then the screw was placed inside a silicon tube as a holder to create a channel to run a test solution through it. The extracted dyes on the coated screw were eluted by a suitable eluent. High-performance liquid chromatography with an ultraviolet/visible detector was utilized for the separation and analysis of the analytes. The effective parameters of the analyte extraction efficiency were optimized. Under optimum conditions, the limits of detection were 0.15 μg/L, and calibration curves were linear in the range of 0.50–250.00 μg/L, with coefficients of determination > 0.989 for all studied dyes. The relative standard deviations of intra and inter-day (n = 3) were in the range of 2.8%–7.0% and 7.0%–9.5%, respectively. The MES was applied as a simple and repeatable method with acceptable relative recoveries (82.0%–103.0%) for the determination of cationic dyes in grape nectar, ice pop, jelly powder, and fish breeding pool water.     

Construction of expanders and superconcentrators using Kolmogorov complexity

We show the existence of various versions of expander graphs using Kolmogorov complexity. This method seems superior to the usual probabilistic construction. It turns out that the best known bounds on the size of expanders and superconcentrators can be attained based on this method. In the case of (acyclic) superconcentrators we attain a density of about 34 edges/vertices. Furthermore, related graph properties are reviewed, like magnification, edge‐magnification, and isolation, and we develop bounds based on the Kolmogorov approach. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 17: 64–77, 2000     

Tiny families of functions with random properties: A quality-size trade-off for hashing

We present three explicit constructions of hash functions, which exhibit a trade-off between the size of the family (and hence the number of random bits needed to generate a member of the family), and the quality (or error parameter) of the pseudorandom property it achieves. Unlike previous constructions, most notably universal hashing, the size of our families is essentially independent of the size of the domain on which the functions operate. The first construction is for the mixing property—mapping a proportional part of any subset of the domain to any other subset. The other two are for the extraction property—mapping any subset of the domain almost uniformly into a range smaller than it. The second and third constructions handle, respectively, the extreme situations when the range is very large or very small. We provide lower bounds showing that our constructions are nearly optimal, and mention some applications of the new constructions. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 11 , 315–343 (1997)     

A SCREW DISLOCATION IN A THREE-PHASE COMPOSITE CYLINDER MODEL WITH INTERFACIAL RIGID LINES

The problem of the elastic interaction between a screw dislocation and a three-phase circular inclusion with interracial rigid lines （anti-cracks） is investigated. An efficient and concise method for the complex multiply connected region is developed, with which explicit series form solutions of the complex potentials in the matrix, and the interphase layer and inclusion regions are derived. Based on the complex potentials, the image force on the screw dislocation is then calculated by using the Peach-Koehler formula. The equilibrium position of the dislocation is discussed in detail for various rigid line geometries, interphase layer thicknesses and material property combinations. The main results show that the interracial rigid lines exert a significant perturbation effect on the motion of the screw dislocation near the circular inclusion surrounded by an interphase layer.     

双螺杆冻胶纺丝法制备有机液体吸附功能纤维及其性能研究

在聚合釜中合成了BMA/HEMA二元共聚树脂,利用双螺杆纺丝机、采用冻胶纺丝技术制备了有机液体吸附功能纤维,研究了单体投料比中HEMA质量分数对纤维各种溶胀行为的影响,利用动态热机械分析仪(DMA)对纤维的动态力学性能进行了研究,同时利用环境扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了纤维的表面和断面形貌.结果表明,HEMA引入大分子后,所得纤维对有机液体甲苯、三氯乙烯具有吸附功能,且吸附过程符合sigmoidal模型中的Hill方程;随HEMA质量分数的增加,纤维对甲苯和三氯乙烯的饱和吸附量增大,对甲苯和三氯乙烯的最大吸附量分别可达10g/g和21g/g;随HEMA质量分数的增加,纤维剩余率增加的同时,使纤维对甲苯和三氯乙烯的握持能力增强;HEMA质量分数对纤维动态力学性能有突出影响,特别是链段运动受其影响更为明显;HEMA质量分数对纤维表面和断面形貌均有显著影响,特别是当HEMA质量分数为15wt%时,所得纤维表面出现了许多空洞,其断面存在许多尺寸不均的空洞.     

磁电弹性体中螺型位错与唇口裂纹的相互作用

研究磁电弹性体中螺型位错与唇口裂纹的相互作用。结合Muskhelishvili方法和干扰技术, 在假定裂纹面具有不可渗透条件下得到磁电弹性体中由位错和唇口裂纹所诱导的应力场、电场和磁场的解析解。应用广义Peach-Koehler公式,得到作用在位错上的影像力。通过数值算例,得到场强度因子的变化规律及影像力和广义力随位错位置的变化规律。     

Tools to Simulate Distributive Mixing in Twin‐Screw Extruders

The application of the mapping method in finite element modeling is extended to quantitatively compare mixing in different twin‐screw extruder layouts. The mapping method provides volumetric quantities, which are crucial for the analysis and optimization of mixing based on the tracking of particles in the velocity field. A new approach to the mapping method is developed to analyze mixing in complex, dynamic open geometries. Several screw configurations and different types of conveying screws are compared, changing the pitch and gap widths. The volume‐weighted intensity of segregation is used as a mixing measure.

     

Analysis for a screw dislocation accelerating through the shear-wave speed barrier

An analysis is performed for an accelerating screw dislocation through the shear-wave speed barrier. At this instant, the function that determines the interval of the path of the dislocation motion that contributes to the wave front has roots that change from a pair of complex conjugate to a double real, which subsequently splits into two real ones. The analysis is performed at this transition to supersonic that occurs at the double root maximum of the function that defines the interval of the dislocation path that contributes to the field points. It is found that the stress has a log|ξ-ξ^*|/|ξ-ξ^*|^1/2 singularity in the coefficient of the delta function of the forming Mach front, implying that for this phenomenon the Volterra dislocation model has too strong a discontinuity (step-function) in the displacement to be meaningful. A ramp-core displacement dislocation model analysis, which removes the singularity in the stress, is presented. These results can be useful in a multiscale dislocation dynamics modeling with inertia effects.     

A moving screw dislocation near interfacial rigid lines in two dissimilar anisotropic media

This paper attempts to investigate the problem for the interaction between a uniformly moving screw dislocation and interface rigid lines in two dissimilar.anisotropic. materials. Integrating Riemann-Schwarz＇s symmetry principle with the analysis singularity of complex functions, we present the general elastic solutions of this problem and the closed form solutions for interfaces containing one and two rigid lines. The expressions of stress intensity factors, at the rigid line tips and image force acting on moving dislocation are derived explicitly. The results show that dislocation velocity has an antishielding effect on the rigid line tip and a larger dislocation velocity leads to the equilibrium position of dislocation closing with the rigid line. The presented solutions contain previously known results as the special cases.