孤立波演示实验的改进

对孤立子做一个简单明了的介绍,指出孤立波的特殊性质,根据其特殊性质。提出了孤立波演示的改进设想,设计了新的演示装置。     

Quality assurance in forensic science

 Forensic examination results play an increasingly important role in bringing many criminal investigations to a successful conclusion. The quality of the results of examinations performed in forensic science laboratories has always been the concern of the individual forensic scientist. The interpretations and results are presented in court to non-experts. Therefore, it is essential to ensure and maintain the highest standards of achievements and accuracy in forensic science. Many factors are important contributors to quality assurance in forensic science. Some unique subjects affect not only the mode of inquiry but also the way in which information is presented to the court, i.e. exhibits collection and sample handling, investigation, examination techniques, report writing and court testimony.     

中国物理学家对世界拉曼光谱学发展作出历史性贡献

吴大猷先生在１９３９年出版的国际上第一全面总结分子结构拉曼光谱研究成果的专著（多原子分子的振动谱和结构》,表明中国从一开始就对世界拉曼光谱学的发展有重大贡献,虽然在拉曼光谱学的第二个在发展时期－－六七十年代,由于“文革”,中国的拉曼光谱学停顿,但是在此以前的１９５４年,黄昆先生出了与玻恩合著的《晶格动力学理论》。在八九十年代,中国的拉曼光谱学研究的论文数及水平迅猛上升,尤其在低维纳米材料领域,诞     

纳米金刚石表面功能化对其性能影响的研究进展

纳米金刚石具有优异的机械性能、导热性、生物相容性和结构可调性,在复合材料、电化学、催化、医学等领域的研究被不断开拓,工业上通过爆轰法实现纳米金刚石的大批量生产为其应用提供了基础。由于纳米金刚石表面结构复杂,需要精准调控以实现目标性能,对其表面功能化的研究具有重要的实际意义。本文首先介绍了对纳米金刚石进行各种表面修饰的方法,然后着重阐述其表面功能化研究对纳米金刚石在机械性能、催化性能和生物医学领域应用的影响,最后对纳米金刚石未来的研究方向进行了展望。     

Training Multilayer Perceptron with Genetic Algorithms and Particle Swarm Optimization for Modeling Stock Price Index Prediction

Predicting stock market (SM) trends is an issue of great interest among researchers, investors and traders since the successful prediction of SMs’ direction may promise various benefits. Because of the fairly nonlinear nature of the historical data, accurate estimation of the SM direction is a rather challenging issue. The aim of this study is to present a novel machine learning (ML) model to forecast the movement of the Borsa Istanbul (BIST) 100 index. Modeling was performed by multilayer perceptron–genetic algorithms (MLP–GA) and multilayer perceptron–particle swarm optimization (MLP–PSO) in two scenarios considering Tanh (x) and the default Gaussian function as the output function. The historical financial time series data utilized in this research is from 1996 to 2020, consisting of nine technical indicators. Results are assessed using Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and correlation coefficient values to compare the accuracy and performance of the developed models. Based on the results, the involvement of the Tanh (x) as the output function, improved the accuracy of models compared with the default Gaussian function, significantly. MLP–PSO with population size 125, followed by MLP–GA with population size 50, provided higher accuracy for testing, reporting RMSE of 0.732583 and 0.733063, MAPE of 28.16%, 29.09% and correlation coefficient of 0.694 and 0.695, respectively. According to the results, using the hybrid ML method could successfully improve the prediction accuracy.     

“创青春”创新创业实训项目:基于1,4,5,8-萘四甲酸的绿色合成及产业化构思*

为推动大学生创新创业活动深入开展,引导大学生在创新创业中知识的实操运用及综合素养的提升,推出“创青春”辽宁省大学生创新创业项目。以1,4,5,8-萘四甲酸的绿色合成及产业化构思为载体,进行大学生的“创青春”创新创业实训;通过创新创业实训实验的开展,培养大学生的创新、创意、创造、创业的意识,提升其专业能力、实践能力及岗位立业、合作创业、自主创业的能力。     

Modeling and Analysis of Social Phenomena: Challenges and Possible Research Directions

This opening editorial aims to interest researchers and encourage novel research in the closely related fields of sociophysics and computational social science. We briefly discuss challenges and possible research directions in the study of social phenomena, with a particular focus on opinion dynamics. The aim of this Special Issue is to allow physicists, mathematicians, engineers and social scientists to show their current research interests in social dynamics, as well as to collect recent advances and new techniques in the analysis of social systems.     

高分子基础实验的优化与改革

为适应高分子材料与工程专业实验分层次教学改革的要求,结合我院高分子材料与工程专业的具体实际,在教学内容设计中融入科学、节约、环保的理念,对高分子基础实验体系、内容、组织与运行、教学方法与手段进行了整体优化和改革。使实验成本得到降低,污染物明显减少,实验教学效果得到显著提高,实现了高分子专业基础实验教学效益的最大化。     

水热法制备MoO3-GQDs的三甲胺气敏性能

采用水热法制备了一系列具有不同碳量子点(GQDs)含量的MoO3?GQDs纳米复合材料,利用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、FTIR等对MoO3?GQDs复合材料进行了表征,研究了其气敏性能。结果表明,复合材料中GQDs的含量对MoO3?GQDs复合材料的气敏响应和选择性有显著影响。MoO3?GQDs纳米复合材料(S?6,GQDs悬浮液的含量为6 mL)传感器在230℃时对三甲胺(TMA)表现出高的气敏响应和好的气敏选择性;该传感器对1000μL·L^-1 TMA的响应为74.08;对1000μL·L^-1 TMA的响应时间和恢复时间分别为73和34 s;S?6复合材料气敏传感器在230℃时可以检测到1μL·L^-1的TMA。     

中学理科教师使用课程材料的研究——基于广州市教师的调查

基于教师与课程材料互动关系模型,以及学科核心素养的视角,凝炼出我国理科教师使用课程材料形态的4个维度："常规使用""科学探究""STSE"和"教师学习",并编制了一份具有良好效度和信度的量表。通过对广州市422名初中理科教师进行问卷调查,发现教师在各维度均表现出较好的课程材料使用形态,但未处于很高的水平。不同区域教师的课程材料使用形态在"教师学习"维度存在显著差异;不同学科教师的课程材料使用形态不存在显著差异,不同职称教师的课程材料使用形态在"常规使用""科学探究"和"STSE"维度存在显著差异。文章最后提出教师专业发展的建议。