Neutron beam optimization based on a ^7Li（p,n）^7Be reaction for treatment of deep-seated brain tumors by BNCT

Neutron beam optimization for accelerator-based Boron Neutron Capture Therapy（BNCT） is investigated using a ^7Li（p,n）^7Be reaction. Design and optimization have been carried out for the target, cooling system,moderator, filter, reflector, and collimator to achieve a high flux of epithermal neutron and satisfy the IAEA criteria.Also, the performance of the designed beam in tissue is assessed by using a simulated Snyder head phantom. The results show that the optimization of the collimator and reflector is critical to finding the best neutron beam based on the ^7Li（p,n）^7Be reaction. Our designed beam has 2.49×109n/cm^2 s epithermal neutron flux and is suitable for BNCT of deep-seated brain tumors.     

Dual-Color Quantum Dot–Encoded Nanoprobe for DNA Assays and Cell Imaging

In this article, a novel dual-color quantum dot–encoded fluorescent nanoprobe was prepared by the reverse microemulsion method and layer-by-layer assembly method. First, red fluorescence–emitting CdTe quantum dots were encapsulated in silica nanoparticles by the reverse microemulsion method. Yellow fluorescence–emitting quantum dots were deposited on the surface of silica nanoparticles to form a dual-color quantum dot@silica beads/quantum dot nanoprobe. Then capture DNA was linked to a QSQ nanoprobe via covalent bonding. We utilized the quantum dot@silica beads/quantum dot nanoprobe to capture and detect the mutant BRAF DNA sequence through the competitive immunoassay method. The resulting quantum dot@silica beads/quantum dot nanoprobe-capture DNA conjugates showed sequence-specific hybridization with target DNA. Furthermore, a multispectral imaging system was utilized to distinguish the quantum dot optical code in the quantum dot@silica beads/quantum dot nanoprobe. The quantum dot@silica beads/quantum dot nanoprobe was used in human osteoblast-like HepG2 cell imaging. The proposed quantum dot@silica beads/quantum dot nanoprobe and decoding analysis method could be used for targeting imaging, biological assays, and early detection of cancer.     

溶液样品温度对ICP光源发射强度的影响

通过光电检测法研究了溶液样品温度在20,40和60 ℃条件下,对电感耦合等离子体(ICP)光源发射强度的影响。实验结果表明,随着溶液温度的提高,元素钡、铜和锌的谱线强度有明显的增强。观察了在不同溶液温度下,谱线强度随光源观察高度和载气压力的变化规律, 发现温度的提高使最佳观测高度位置降低,而最佳载气压力升高。     

Raman imaging and stress quantification in self‐assembled graphene oxide fiber ‘Latin Letters’

To probe the intrinsic stress distribution in terms of spatial Raman shift (ω) and change in the phonon linewidth (Γ), here we analyze self‐assembled graphene oxide fibers (GOF) ‘Latin letters’ by confocal Raman spectroscopy. The self‐assembly of GOF ‘Latin letters’ has been explained through surface tension, π–π stacking, van der Waals interaction at the air–water interface and by systematic time‐dependent investigation using field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis. Intrinsic residual stress due to structural joints and bending is playing a distinct role affecting the E_2g mode (G band) at and away from the physical interface of GOF segments with broadening of phonon linewidth, indicating prominent phonon softening. Linescan across an interface of the GOF ‘letters’ reveals Raman shift to lower wavenumber in all cases but more so in ‘Z’ fiber exhibiting a broader region. Furthermore, intrinsic stress homogeneity is observed for ‘G’ fiber distributed throughout its curvature with negligible shift corresponding to E_2g mode vibration. This article demonstrates the significance of morphology in stress distribution across the self‐assembled and ‘smart‐integrable’ GOF ‘Latin letters’. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A video camera system for coaxial observation of a sample with an incident soft X‐ray beam

A video camera system for observing a sample from the direction of an incident soft X‐ray beam has been developed. The sample is seen via two reflecting mirrors. The first mirror, which has a hole to allow the soft X‐ray beam to pass through, is set on the beam axis in a vacuum. The second mirror is used to cancel out the mirror inversion of the image. This camera system is used for efficient positioning of samples in a soft X‐ray beam.     

空气中痕量铀的现场光度法测定

作为一种天然放射性金属元素,铀及其化合物可以地气为分散系,以气溶胶形式稳定存在并随空气迁移。气相中铀可经多种途径对人体造成放射性危害,而其浓度变化与该区域核能开发与利用有关。因此,对空气中铀的快速现场检测具有现实意义。采用普通气泵对低品位铀矿石上方的空气进行采样,并以2.0 mol·L-1硝酸溶液对气体进行吸收,向溶液中添加固体试剂包,对溶液中微量铀进行显色后以手持式光度计进行现场光度分析。结果表明：对于普通低品位铀矿石样品,空气中铀含量可用本方法检出,该方法多次测定的RSD为1.72%,其结果与ICP-MS分析结果一致。将该方法用于区分铀矿石和其他矿石,具有成本低廉,操作方便,结果准确可靠等优点。