裂孔性视网膜脱离人发微量元素的测定及病因探讨

检测了100例裂孔性视网膜脱离人发微量元素锌、铜、锰、钙及锌／铜比值，并与正常组比较，发现它们之间均有显著的统计学差异，对揭示该病因有重要意义。     

Adaptive optics optical coherence tomography for retina imaging

When optical coherence tomography (OCT) is used for human retina imaging, its transverse resolution is limited by the aberrations of human eyes. To overcome this disadvantage, a high resolution imaging system for living human retina, which consists of a time domain OCT system and a 37-elements adaptive optics (AO) system, has been developed. The AO closed loop rate is 20 frames per second, and the OCT has a 6.7-μm axial resolution. In this paper, this system is introduced and the high resolution imaging results for retina are presented.     

Shank 2 expression coincides with neuronal differentiation in the developing retina

The retinal activity for vision requires a precise synaptic connectivity. Shank proteins at postsynaptic sites of excitatory synapses play roles in signal transmission into the postsynaptic neuron. However, the correlation of Shank 2 expression with neuronal differentiation in the developing retina remains to be elucidated regardless of previous evidences of Shank 2 expression in retina. Herein, we demonstrated that with progression of development, Shank 2 is initially detected in the inner plexiform layer at P2, and then intensively detected in inner plexiform layer, outer plexiform layer, and ganglion cell layer at P14, which was closely colocalized to the neurofilament expression. Shank 2 was, however, not colocalized with glial fibrillary acidic protein. Shank 2 expression was increased in the differentiated retinoblastoma cells, which was mediated by ERK 1/2 activation. Moreover, Shank 2 expression was colocalized with neurofilament at the dendritic region of cells. In conclusion, our data suggests that Shank 2 is expressed in the neurons of the developing retina and could play a critical role in the neuronal differentiation of the developing retina.     

大鼠眼球的高场磁共振成像研究

该文旨在研究微型磁共振（MRI）对大鼠眼球的成像效果和应用. 通过对10只SD大鼠的20只眼球进行7.0 T MRI检查,应用常规T1WI和T2WI序列高分辨率扫描;观察MRI图像上大鼠眼球的结构,并比较MRI测量与组织学显微镜下测量视网膜厚度结果. 磁共振扫描清楚地显示了所有受试大鼠眼球的主要结构,包括角膜、晶状体、玻璃体、视网膜、巩膜、虹膜、睫状体、视神经. 球壁结构磁共振图像层次与组织学结构层次有良好对应性; 磁共振视网膜厚度测量值与显微镜下视网膜厚度测量数据进行配对 t 检验,P＞0.05,二者无显著差异. 由此得出的结论是小动物MRI可以对大鼠眼球细微解剖结构进行无创性的成像,为我们提供了一个研究大鼠眼科疾病模型的形态学及功能变化的手段.      

A Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Vision Chip for Edge and Motion Detection with a Function for Output Offset Cancellation

We have designed and fabricated a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) vision chip by modeling cells of the human retina as hardware that are involved in edge and motion detection. There are several fluctuation factors which affect the characteristics of metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) through the CMOS fabrication process and this effect appears as the output offset of the vision chip, which is composed of pixel arrays and readout circuits. The vision chip which detects edge and motion information from an input image is used for the input stage of other systems. Therefore, the output offset of the vision chip determines the efficiency of the entire system. In order to eliminate the offset at the output stage, we designed a vision chip utilizing the correlated double sampling (CDS) technique. The chip has been fabricated using a 0.6 m standard CMOS process. With reliable output characteristics, this chip can be used at the input stage for various applications. © 2005 The Optical Society of Japan     

Adaptive optics fundus camera using a liquid crystal phase modulator

We have developed an adaptive optics (AO) fundus camera to obtain high resolution retinal images of eyes. We use a liquid crystal phase modulator to compensate the aberrations of the eye for better resolution and better contrast in the images. The liquid crystal phase modulator has a wider dynamic range to compensate aberrations than most mechanical deformable mirrors and its linear phase generation makes it easy to follow eye movements. The wavefront aberration was measured in real time with a sampling rate of 10 Hz and the closed loop system was operated at around 2 Hz. We developed software tools to align consecutively obtained images. From our experiments with three eyes, the aberrations of normal eyes were reduced to less than 0.1 μm (RMS) in less than three seconds by the liquid crystal phase modulator. We confirmed that this method was adequate for measuring eyes with large aberrations including keratoconic eyes. Finally, using the liquid crystal phase modulator, high resolution images of retinas could be obtained.