Preparation and modification of VO_2 thin film on R-sapphire substrate by rapid thermal process

The VO2 thin film with high performance of metal-insulator transition （MIT） is prepared on R-sapphire substrate for the first time by magnetron sputtering with rapid thermal process （RTP）. The electrical characteristic and THz transmittance of MIT in VO2 film are studied by four-point probe method and THz time domain spectrum （THz-TDS）. X-ray diffraction （XRD）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）, atomic force microscopy （AFM）, and search engine marketing （SEM） are employed to analyze the crystalline structure, valence state, surface morphology of the film. Results indicate that the properties of VO2 film which is oxidized from the metal vanadium film in oxygen atmosphere are improved with a follow- up RTP modification in nitrogen atmosphere. The crystallization and components of VO2 film are improved and the film becomes compact and uniform. A better phase transition performance is shown that the resistance changes nearly 3 orders of magnitude with a 2-~C hysteresis width and the THz transmittances are reduced by 64% and 60% in thermal and optical excitation respectively.     

Fabrication of VO_2 thin film by rapid thermal annealing in oxygen atmosphere and its metal–insulator phase transition properties

Vanadium dioxide thin films have been fabricated through sputtering vanadium thin films and rapid thermal annealing in oxygen. The microstructure and the metal–insulator transition properties of the vanadium dioxide thin films were investigated by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and a spectrometer. It is found that the preferred orientation of the vanadium dioxide changes from(1ˉ11) to(011) with increasing thickness of the vanadium thin film after rapid thermal annealing. The vanadium dioxide thin films exhibit an obvious metal–insulator transition with increasing temperature, and the phase transition temperature decreases as the film thickness increases. The transition shows hysteretic behaviors, and the hysteresis width decreases as the film thickness increases due to the higher concentration carriers resulted from the uncompleted lattice. The fabrication of vanadium dioxide thin films with higher concentration carriers will facilitate the nature study of the metal–insulator transition.     

Phase constitution and microstructure of Ce–Fe–B strip-casting alloy

The strip-casting technique plays an important role in fabricating high coercivity sintered magnet. In this paper, we investigate the phase constitution and the microstructure of rapidly solidified Ce-Fe-B alloy fabricated by strip-casting. We find that the Ce2FelgB phase coexists with Fe, Fe2B, and CeFe2 phases in the Ce-Fe-B strips. The eutectic stucture consisting of Fe and Fe2B is encased in Ce2Fe14B grains, which is blocked by the CeFe2 grains at triple junctions, indicating that the microstructure of Ce-Fe-B strip is characteristic of a peritectic solidification. Thermal analysis indicates that the large supercooling of Ce2Fe14B results in the residual Fe and Fe2B. The microstructural optimization in Ce-Fe-B strips without Fe and Fe2B could be achieved by a heat treatment of 1000 ℃.     

卢瑟福散射与原子的有核模型

回顾了卢瑟福散射实验,并从原子的有核模型的建立引出一些思考。     

Fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy and its artifacts: simulations and tests

Fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy (FFS)[1,2] is a kind of fluorescence detection techniques suitable for monitoring interaction and transportation processes in a small detection zone of biological systems. FFS detects and analyzes the fluorescence signal of the fluorescent molecules in the detection zone to retrieve the dynamical parameters of the system including concentration, diffusion coefficient and interaction constants. FFS utilizes various statistical methods to analyze the data,…     

Ultrasonic Broadband Spectrometry of Liquids A Research Tool in Pure and Applied Chemistry and Chemical Physics

This review is a survey of the many scientific applications of ultrasonic broadbandspectrometry (absorption and velocity measurements with coherent sound waves)in liquids and liquid systems, covering, at present, a frequency range from nearly10 kHz to 10 GHz. Ultrasonic spectrometry has proved to be an almost universalresearch tool in many laboratories, one that is useful for investigation of variouschemical, biochemical, and physicochemical systems. Sound waves traversingliquids induce periodic perturbations in pressure and temperature, which can shiftequilibria, resulting in characteristic sound absorption and velocity dispersionspectra. An analysis of such spectra yields valuable information about thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of the particular system that is often difficult toobtain by other methods. Since such periodic perturbations imposed on the systemare incremental in nearly all cases, the system can be studied under equilibriumconditions. All nonlinear effects (heating, nonconstant fluid compressibility, andothers) are negligible, permitting, for instance, the application of linearized rateequations. In this review, various examples of measured broadband spectra arepresented. Related elementary processes are discussed. Among these are ionicand molecular reactions, including mechanisms of association and complexation,proton transfer, solvation, isomerization, interconversion, side-group rotation,hydrogen-bonding, as well as stacking processes and micelle formation. Specialattention will be given to the extensive research on chemical relaxation.Fundamental early and recent publications are cited and discussed. Many referencesare included with particular emphasis on less well known research and publicationsfrom countries of the former USSR. This review aims at a demonstration of thewidespread applications of modern ultrasonic techniques in many fields ofliquid-state research.     

采用实时直接分析质谱法原位快速鉴别茶叶

采用近年来发展迅速的常温常压离子化技术——实时直接分析质谱法,建立了对茶叶中主要成分如茶氨酸、咖啡碱等的快速测定方法,通过特征的质谱信号离子,实现了对不同茶叶的快速鉴别。实时直接分析质谱法在大气压下进行,无需对茶叶进行任何的样品处理,大大缩短了分析时间,实现了原位、快速、准确且高通量的检测。     

内蒙五牧场矿区11号煤层原煤大分子结构特征及其形成机制

在对内蒙古自治区呼伦贝尔市伊敏盆地五牧场区11号煤层原煤工业分析、元素分析、¹³C-NMR、FT-IR、XPS等分析基础上,获得了煤大分子结构中碳骨架信息、脂肪结构以及含氧官能团类型及比例、氮原子的存在形式和比例等结构信息。以此为基础,构建了煤的大分子结构模型,并应用 ¹³C-NMR预测软件ACD/CNMR predictor 对其进行了修正, 获得与实验核磁共振谱图吻合较好的大分子结构模型。大分子结构的芳香结构单元以苯、萘、蒽、菲为芳香结构单元,数量分别是1、2、2、1,醚键、氢化芳环以及邻位亚甲基作为连接芳香结构的主要桥键;氧原子以酚羟基、羰基、羧基的形式存在,数量分别是7、3、2;氮原子分别以吡啶和吡咯的形式存在,甲基和脂肪短链分布在芳香单元的边缘。与相邻矿区的褐煤及相近变质程度的神东长焰煤的比较发现,其形成机制主要是在高温低压环境下,热演化过程中快速失去各种含氧官能团,导致短链脂肪类物质的形成,而低压环境则有利于热演化过程中形成的各种小分子物质逸散导致自由基的缩聚,形成较大的芳香结构单元,但是直链脂肪类物质的存在具有位阻效应,不利于芳香结构单元的定向排列,导致所谓的"化学成分成熟超前于其结构成熟"现象。