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41.
M. Castagnino R. Id Betan R. Laura 《International Journal of Theoretical Physics》2003,42(10):2423-2439
By extending the notion of mixed states to functionals acting on the space of observables with diagonal singularity we obtain a well-defined complex spectral decomposition of the time evolution for a quantum decaying system. In this formalism, generalized Gamow states are obtained with well-defined physical properties. 相似文献
42.
Dimitar I. Pushkarov 《Central European Journal of Physics》2004,2(3):420-455
Basic ideas and results which characterize quantum diffusion of defects in quantum crystals like solid helium as a new phenomenon
are presented. Quantum effects in such media lead to a delocalization of point defects (vacancies, impurities etc.) and they
turn into quasiparticles of a new type—defectons, which are characterized not by their position in the crystal lattice but
by their quasimomentum and dispersion law. Defecton-defecton and defecton-phonon scattering are considered and an interpolation
formula for the diffusion coefficient valid in all interesting temperature and concentration regions is presented. A comparison
with the experimental data is made. Some alternative points of view are discussed in detail and the inconsistency of the Kisvarsanyi-Sullivan
theory is shown. 相似文献
43.
We consider a quark model based on QCD scale anomaly in which the quarks move in the field of an effective glueball field.
Hadrons correspond to solitonic bags of higher energy density in a nonperturbative sea of condensed gluons. We calculate the
static properties of nucleon in this model and find that the nucleon mass is far too large (2.4–4 GeV) and the proton charge
radius (0.37–0.54 fm) is low. The proton gyromagnetic ratio and gA/gv are in reasonable agreement with the experimental numbers. 相似文献
44.
We propose a unified method for deducing recursive relations for the canonical partition function of a system of noninteracting particles with charge conservation if the particles follow the Bose–Einstein, Fermi–Dirac, or Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics or parastatistics. For all these types of statistics, we find recursive relations for the partition function of a new statistical model of nuclear multifragmentation with electric charge and baryon number conservation, accounting for the internal degrees of freedom of the nuclear fragments. 相似文献
45.
46.
Andrey Pereverzev 《Foundations of Physics Letters》2003,16(5):411-428
We argue that it may be possible to consistently explain the quantum measurement by assuming that the wave function is in one-to-one correspondence with objective physical reality and has no probabilistic interpretation. In the context of such approach we consider the model of a harmonic oscillator linearly coupled to a heat bath and treat the oscillator as the system being measured. Three classes of initial pure states for the bath are considered. Exact expressions for the average values and variances of the oscillator coordinate and momentum as functions of time are considered for each class of pure states. It is shown that these quantities exhibit different asymptotic behavior for different classes of initial states of the bath. In particular, if each mode of the bath is initially in a coherent state, then for an arbitrary initial state of the oscillator the variances of the oscillator coordinate and momentum asymptotically approach the same values as for a coherent state of the free oscillator, while the averages of coordinate and momentum show a Brownian-like behavior. We argue that such behavior shows several features of the quantum measurement and supports our interpretation of the wave function. 相似文献
47.
E. Rodriguez E. Jimenez G.J. Jacob A.A.R. Neves C.L. Cesar L.C. Barbosa 《Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures》2005,26(1-4):361
Multilayer PbTe quantum dots (QDs) and SiO2 were grown by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) techniques. The crystalline structure, QD size and size dispersion were observed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) measurements. This technique allows one to grow PbTe QDs as small as 1.8 nm diameter and 0.6 nm size dispersion. The whole structure can be used in a Fabry–Perot cavity for an optical device operating at the mid-infrared region. 相似文献
48.
Yang Dai Faquan Li Xuewu Cheng Zhiling Jiang Shunsheng Gong 《Optics & Laser Technology》2007,39(7):1374-1379
In Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor (SHWS), the behavior of the irradiance pattern produced by the micro-lens array is important for an accurate centroid estimation. In this paper, the behavior of a micro-lens array in SHWS is analyzed using Fourier optics, and reveals that in addition to the main, expected spots, secondary spots with smaller intensities also appeared as a result of diffraction by the small dimensions of the micro-lens and interference from the different micro-lenses. This result is confirmed by comparing with a irradiance pattern taken from an actual SHWS. The additional error in centroid estimation caused by these secondary spots is discussed and relationship to the parameters of the micro-lens of SHWS is analyzed. 相似文献
49.
50.
We characterize all equivariant odd spectral triples for the quantum SU(2) group acting on its L
2-space and having a nontrivial Chern character. It is shown that the dimension of an equivariant spectral triple is at least three, and given any element of the K-homology group of SUq(2), there is an equivariant odd spectral triple of dimension 3 inducing that element. The method employed to get equivariant spectral triples in the quantum case is then used for classical SU(2), and we prove that for p < 4, there does not exist any equivariant spectral triple with nontrivial K-homology class and dimension p acting on the L
2-space.The first author would like to acknowledge support from the National Board of Higher Mathematics, India. 相似文献