非圆截面环流器FY-1实验(Ⅰ)——被动运行部分

本文简略地描述了FY-1装置结构、等离子体基本参数的测量和等离子体位形的调试,初步考察了硬X射线产额与工作气压的关系。实验分析表明,FY-1装置已形成的等离子体环流放电属于逃逸放电。在场成形线圈作被动运行时,通过改变其回路连接方式和外串电感值,可适当调节等离子体平衡位置和位形。MHD平衡计算与实验测量拟合结果表明,等离子体截面可调节为不同截面积和拉长比(k=1.1—1.4)的椭圆。     

爆电换能脉冲大电流输出研究

 基于爆电换能原理,使用掺铌的PZT 95/5陶瓷组装换能器件,在垂直工作模式下,对爆电电源LRC电路响应进行了理论分析,并开展了脉冲大电流输出实验研究。实验采用多组PZT 95/5铁电陶瓷并联,利用平面波发生器作为冲击加载手段,获得了峰值5 kA以上的脉冲大电流,初始电流上升速率可达10~20 GA/s。实验结果与理论设计符合较好。     

超短脉冲激光光束在一维反射型体全息光栅中的衍射

基于Kogelnik的耦合波理论,研究了在色散效应的影响下,超短脉冲激光光束在反射型体全息光栅中衍射的性质.研究给出了衍射光及透射光在频谱域及时间域的振幅及强度分布、光栅的光谱宽度及衍射效率随光栅参量及入射条件的变化.数值研究的结果表明,在光栅记录介质色散效应的影响下,衍射光束的光谱宽度减小,脉冲展宽,衍射效率降低.通过适当的选取光栅参量及入射条件,可以控制衍射和透射光束的频谱和时间强度分布,得到满意的衍射和透射光束的带宽和波形,从而可以将其应用于脉冲整形等技术中.     

Towards cooling of high-intensity ion beams

Buffer gas beam coolers may become excellent beam preparation devices for high-resolution mass separation. The small beam emittance provided makes efficient isobar resolution a realistic goal. In order to fulfill the needs of future facilities providing high-intensity beams of rare isotopes, it is desirable to increase the beam intensity limit of such devices from typically several tens of nanoamperes to microamperes. This requires the usage of high-voltage radiofrequencies in a low-pressure gas environment. A buffer gas beam cooler, dedicated to this purpose, is under development at the NSCL. The study of voltage breakdowns under such conditions and the design of an electrode system minimizing them is mandatory.      

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes mass-produced by dc arc discharge in He–H2 gas mixture

Uniform cathode deposits (longer than 15 mm), containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) inside, were produced by dc arc discharge evaporation with a computer-controlled feeder of a pure-carbon electrode without a metal catalyst in a He–H₂ gas mixture. The purification of MWNTs was carried out to remove amorphous carbon and carbon nanoparticles. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy observations and Raman scattering studies show that the MWNTs possess a high crystallinity and a mean outermost diameter of ∼ ∼10 nm. It has been confirmed that the current density in the electron field emission from a purified MWNT mat can reach 77.92 mA/cm², indicating that the purified MWNTs are a promising candidate electron source in a super high-luminance light-source tube or a miniature X-ray source.     

Fluid simulation of the pulsed bias effect on inductively coupled nitrogen discharges for low-voltage plasma immersion ion implantation

Planar radio frequency inductively coupled plasmas(ICP) are employed for low-voltage ion implantation processes,with capacitive pulse biasing of the substrate for modulation of the ion energy. In this work, a two-dimensional(2D) selfconsistent fluid model has been employed to investigate the influence of the pulsed bias power on the nitrogen plasmas for various bias voltages and pulse frequencies. The results indicate that the plasma density as well as the inductive power density increase significantly when the bias voltage varies from 0 V to-4000 V, due to the heating of the capacitive field caused by the bias power. The N+fraction increases rapidly to a maximum at the beginning of the power-on time, and then it decreases and reaches the steady state at the end of the glow period. Moreover, it increases with the bias voltage during the power-on time, whereas the N_2~+ fraction exhibits a reverse behavior. When the pulse frequency increases to 25 kHz and40 kHz, the plasma steady state cannot be obtained, and a rapid decrease of the ion density at the substrate surface at the beginning of the glow period is observed.     

A study on the triboelectric charging of display glass during the roller transfer process–modeling and characterization

Glass substrates for displays are insulating materials capable of generating and maintaining high levels of triboelectric charges posing a risk of electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage to electronic display components. In this work, an apparatus for triboelectric charging characterization of display glass during the roller transfer process was designed and fabricated. In order to establish the reliability of the characterization, the triboelectric charge and the electrostatic potential distribution measurement system was automated. The preconditioning process of the glass and the rollers was also addressed. In order to analyze the measurements' results, a multiphysics model that considered both electrical and mechanical properties was proposed. The test parameters that were expected to affect the triboelectric charging characteristics are defined and discussed, as well as some of the characterization results such as the effects of acceleration/deceleration and maximum velocity, relative humidity and moisture on the glass and the rollers, and the conductivity of the rollers. The peak-to-peak deviation of the de-embedded triboelectric charges, due to a steady-state velocity period with different combinations of acceleration/deceleration and maximum velocities, was 14.2%. The triboelectric charges increased as the relative humidity increased from 30% to 50% with the same temperature. They also increased when the insulating rollers were replaced with dissipative rollers.     

Macrokinetic study on ozone boundary concentration. Effect of temperature

The process of ozone production in pure oxygen using the tubular, high voltage pulse supplied ozonizer was studied. The unusual methodology of conducting kinetics measurements of the ozone synthesis process was presented. It was shown how the process rate changes along the discharge gap. The effect of power density and gas residence time in the discharge gap on the process rate was analysed. The temperature influence on the course of the process, particularly on the ozone boundary concentration and ozone decomposition rate constant, was discussed.     

Time-resolved imaging of the electrical breakdown of planar microelectrode gap in atmospheric air

The aim of this study was to obtain time-resolved images of the electrical breakdown of a planar microelectrode gap along the surface of a glass substrate in atmospheric air. The obtained images revealed details of the events leading to the breakdown. First, a point light emission appeared at the cathode, indicating breakdown initiated by the field emission of electrons from the cathode under extremely high electric fields. Then, a flare-like broad light emission was generated at the anode. Finally, breakdown occurred over the entire gap by the expansion and merger of the two emissions.     

氦,氢,氮空心阴极放电的真空紫外辐射特性

介绍了一种水冷、陶瓷封接结构的空心阴极放电装置.研究了He、H_2、N_2在120nm～20Onm范围内该装置的真空紫外辐射特性,获得了100～600mA电流范围内的辐射强度与放电电流的关系,以及充气气压变化对它的影响.实验表明:在实验条件下,主要发射谱线为氮的原子线和氦的离子线;辐射谱线强度在0.03～0.72mW·cm~(-2);气压改变时,N_2、H_2辐射强度有一极大值,而He的离子线辐射强度则出现二个极大;在He/H_2混合气体放电时,随着He的加入,氢分子带光谱有明显下降.