Efficiency and equity in private and public education: A nonparametric comparison

We present a nonparametric approach for (1) efficiency and (2) equity evaluation in education. Firstly, we use a nonparametric (Data Envelopment Analysis) model that is specially tailored to assess educational efficiency at the pupil level. The model accounts for the fact that typically minimal prior structure is available for the behavior (objectives and feasibility set) under evaluation. It allows for uncertainty in the data, while it corrects for exogenous ‘environmental’ characteristics that are specific to each pupil. Secondly, we propose two multidimensional stochastic dominance criteria as naturally complementary aggregation criteria for comparing the performance of different school types (private and public schools). While the first criterion only accounts for efficiency, the second criterion also takes equity into consideration. The model is applied for comparing private (but publicly funded) and public primary schools in Flanders. Our application finds that no school type robustly dominates another type when controlling for the school environment and taking equity into account. More generally, it demonstrates the usefulness of our nonparametric approach, which includes environmental and equity considerations, for obtaining ‘fair’ performance comparisons in the public sector context.     

城市地铁专用车厢模型建立及拥挤敏感性分析

处于城市化进程中的我国城市,交通拥堵问题日益严重.作为社会弱势群体的老幼孕人群,对公共交通的安全性与舒适性要求相对更高,但是这类人群中相当一部分需要在上下班高峰期与通勤人群一起出行.如果能够依据城市的具体情况设立专用车厢,把这一部分出行者引导到公共交通中,可以减少部分交通流,缓解交通拥堵.对建立专用车厢的可行性进行了分析,并建立了数学模型.     

基础设施对制造业就业的影响:基于中国省级面板数据的实证分析

用2001-2012年的中国省级面板数据,研究了基础设施对制造业就业的影响.结果显示,在控制工资水平、投资水平、人力资本、对外开放程度和技术创新能力的条件下,基础设施对制造业就业有一定的促进作用,但是作用效果并不显著.本文的政策含义在于:鼓励加强基础设施建设,各地区要把握好加强基础设施建设的程度,不仅要注重基础设施建设的短期效应,更要加大资本投入和出口、提高人力资本水平和推动技术创新,这对于制造业就业具有积极的意义.     

公共聚集场所特大火灾的灰色拓扑预测模型

根据1991年至2006年间中国公共聚集场所火灾统计资料,针对公共聚集场所特大火灾影响因子的不确定性和数据的波动性,运用灰色拓扑预测方法探讨了公共聚集场所特大火灾发生的规律,并建立灰色拓扑预测模型,预测未来5年内火灾发生情况.结果表明,所建立的灰色拓扑预测模型的检验精度都达到"好"的标准.因此采用灰色拓扑预测模型对中国公共聚集场所特大火灾发生情况进行预测结果比较可靠,可供消防部门参考.     

一个关于凸集强分离的充分必要条件及其应用

该文首先给出了关于两个非紧凸集可被强分离的充分必要条件，它是[1，2]中一个定理的改进，然后利用它改进了[4-7]中一些定理和[8]中的一个结果．     

新型冠状病毒感染疫情下公众心理健康及影响因素研究进展

新型冠状病毒感染疫情是重大突发公共卫生事件,对全球公共心理健康产生了深远影响.本文对公众心理健康状况、影响心理健康水平的疫情因素(新型冠状病毒感染、隔离、失业和其他应激源)以及个人因素(青少年、女性、医护人员和既往有躯体/精神疾病史)进行综述,并从个人、社会、国家层面分析改善公众心理健康的对策,为应对疫情的长期影响提供参考.     

物业管理招标中的层次关联比选

应用层次分析法确定影响物业管理投标书总体方案的各因素间权重 ,根据灰色关联理论建立了对投标书进行总体综合评价并排序优选的数学模型 ,给出了计算实例 .     

考虑公众参与的公共工程项目应急管理演化分析

在当前的公共工程项目突发事件应急管理过程中,公众参与正起着越来越重要的作用。文章基于有限理性假设,考虑公众参与在公共工程项目应急管理中的影响作用,将政府角色细分为中央政府和地方政府两个决策主体,构建了中央政府—地方政府—公众三方的非合作演化博弈模型,分析了不同决策主体的演化稳定策略,模拟了决策过程,并通过仿真验证了模型结论。研究结果显示:公众参与已成为公共工程应急管理决策进程中的重要力量,若三方中的中央政府能够有效的规制地方政府的不规范行为,公众参与能起到较好的“旁站”监督效果,将会促进系统趋向“中央政府有效监督,地方政府有效规制,公众积极参与”的理想演化稳定均衡状态。     

EFFECT OF FORESTLAND AVAILABILITY BY OWNERSHIP TYPE ON LICENSE SALES FOR HUNTING: A SPATIAL APPROACH

Abstract The effect of forestland availability under different ownership types on license sales for hunting in nine Southeastern states is empirically evaluated. An equation that represents license sales for hunting is estimated assuming the sale of hunting licenses in a particular county is related to the characteristics of that county as well as the characteristics and license sales for hunting in its neighboring counties. The positive effects of the amounts of both national and private forestland on license sales reaffirm the potential benefits of maintaining forestland to stimulate hunting. The positive spillover effect of national forests on license sales for hunting suggests that availability and close access to hunting in national forests within neighboring counties are important in supporting hunting license sales in a county. This study contributes to the general understanding of the drivers affecting individuals’ decisions to use natural resources for hunting. Advances in natural resource modeling, specifically the spatial process model and geospatial data used in this research, make it possible to examine the interactions between the spatial dynamics and ownership attributes of the natural system, allowing policy makers to design natural resource management practices that respond to a system characterized by these interactions.     

从知识传授到育人:高职“生活中的化学”教学实践*

深挖高职院校公选课“生活中的化学”的育人元素,精心设计教学内容,运用课堂主题辩论、趣味生活实验的设计与展示、探秘生活中的化学等理论知识传授与课内外实践相结合的教学方式,实现全过程育人,充分展现了公选课在立德树人方面的价值。