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In 2001, J.-M. Le Bars disproved the zero-one law (that says that every sentence from a certain logic is either true asymptotically almost surely (a.a.s.), or false a.a.s.) for existential monadic second order sentences (EMSO) on undirected graphs. He proved that there exists an EMSO sentence ? such that does not converge as (here, the probability distribution is uniform over the set of all graphs on the labeled set of vertices ). In the same paper, he conjectured that, for EMSO sentences with 2 first order variables, the zero-one law holds. In this paper, we disprove this conjecture. 相似文献
63.
ABSTRACTA class of semilinear parabolic reaction diffusion equations with multiple time delays is considered. These time delays and corresponding weights are to be optimized such that the associated solution of the delay equation is the best approximation of a desired state function. The differentiability of the mapping is proved that associates the solution of the delay equation to the vector of weights and delays. Based on an adjoint calculus, first-order necessary optimality conditions are derived. Numerical test examples show the applicability of the concept of optimizing time delays. 相似文献
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Carboxylic acid–diamine-based Cu2+ chromogenic sensors (3 and 4) exhibited colour switching from red to blue with good sensitivity and selectivity towards Cu2+ among other physiologically important alkali, alkaline earth and heavy metal ions. This colour-switching phenomenon arises due to selective deprotonation of aryl amine NH by Cu2+. Significantly, chemosensor 3 (λmax 492 nm) shows multiple modes of complexation towards Cu2+. It is very much evident from the appearance of blue colour (λmax 615 nm) at pH >7.0 and yellow colour (λmax 465 nm) at pH < 4.0. In addition, chemosensor 3 exhibits a unique logic gate system that involves ‘INHIBIT’ and ‘TRANSFER’ logic gates. 相似文献
66.
本工作利用圆二色光谱研究了Ag+与Hg2+对4种代表性G-四链体DNA结构的破坏作用。结果表明Ag+可能通过与碱基G螯合从而破坏G-四链体结构;Hg2+能通过形成T-Hg2+-T碱基对,及其他方式破坏G-四链体结构。含巯基(-SH)的半胱氨酸与Ag+与Hg2+可以发生较强的配位作用,从而使被Ag+与Hg2+破坏后的G-四链体DNA结构得以回复。基于此,一个新颖的Ag+/Hg2+-半胱氨酸-DNA逻辑门得以构筑。 相似文献
67.
针对变水量空调系统温度控制的时变、大滞后、非线性特点,结合模糊控制和PID控制,设计了基于模糊规则切换的Fuzzy-PID分级控制器,并在Matlab/Simulink软件上进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,控制器同时具有模糊控制超调量小、鲁棒性好和PID控制精度高、响应速度快的优点。 相似文献
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Hui Lv Prof. Qian Li Prof. Jiye Shi Prof. Chunhai Fan Prof. Fei Wang 《Chemphyschem》2021,22(12):1151-1166
The high sequence specificity and precise base complementary pairing principle of DNA provides a rich orthogonal molecular library for molecular programming, making it one of the most promising materials for developing bio-compatible intelligence. In recent years, DNA has been extensively studied and applied in the field of biological computing. Among them, the toehold-mediated strand displacement reaction (SDR) with properties including enzyme free, flexible design and precise control, have been extensively used to construct biological computing circuits. This review provides a systemic overview of SDR design principles and the applications. Strategies for designing DNA-only, enzymes-assisted, other molecules-involved and external stimuli-controlled SDRs are described. The recently realized computing functions and the application of DNA computing in other fields are introduced. Finally, the advantages and challenges of SDR-based computing are discussed. 相似文献
70.
Dennis Schnfeld Dilip Chalissery Franziska Wenz Marius Specht Chris Eberl Thorsten Pretsch 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(3)
For soft robotics and programmable metamaterials, novel approaches are required enabling the design of highly integrated thermoresponsive actuating systems. In the concept presented here, the necessary functional component was obtained by polymer syntheses. First, poly(1,10-decylene adipate) diol (PDA) with a number average molecular weight Mn of 3290 g·mol−1 was synthesized from 1,10-decanediol and adipic acid. Afterward, the PDA was brought to reaction with 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 1,4-butanediol. The resulting polyester urethane (PEU) was processed to the filament, and samples were additively manufactured by fused-filament fabrication. After thermomechanical treatment, the PEU reliably actuated under stress-free conditions by expanding on cooling and shrinking on heating with a maximum thermoreversible strain of 16.1%. Actuation stabilized at 12.2%, as verified in a measurement comprising 100 heating-cooling cycles. By adding an actuator element to a gripper system, a hen’s egg could be picked up, safely transported and deposited. Finally, one actuator element each was built into two types of unit cells for programmable materials, thus enabling the design of temperature-dependent behavior. The approaches are expected to open up new opportunities, e.g., in the fields of soft robotics and shape morphing. 相似文献