美国《科学教师培养标准(2020年版)》述评*

美国《科学教师培养标准(2020年版)》针对《新一代科学教育标准》的推行而修订,立足于科学教育最新研究成果,尤其突出学科内容知识的重要性,补充对科学本质和科学文化的要求,强化对工程和技术、交叉概念、学科观念的理解,突出学习进阶规律在科学教师培养中的应用。此外,在学科教学法、学习环境、安全、对学生学习的影响等维度做出相应的改动。该标准启示我国:借鉴国际改革趋势出台中国特色的科学教师培养标准,但科学教师培养也要本土化;学科内容知识对科学教师专业发展非常重要;科学教师的培养应立足于学习进阶的规律;职前科学教师培养需要注重学习环境建设。     

物理化学“启发式教+探究式学”教育模式的构建与启示

基于化学史料中的物理化学家吉布斯的教育经验,构建一种新颖的“启发式教+探究式学”教育模式。“启发式教+探究式学”的模式对物理化学教学有重要的参考价值。从化学史中挖掘教育方法对探索化学教育方法有现实的借鉴意义。     

高职有机化学课程混合教学模式的构建与实践

针对当前高职院校基础课程教学面临的难题,以及有机化学课程的特点,以精品课程为依托,研究构建了有机化学课程的混合教学模式,采用在线学习和课堂教学相结合的方式实施翻转课堂教学,使课堂教学模式由"以教为主"转变为"以学为主",同时根据高职院校学生的特点,采用问题式学习任务单的方式和组长负责制的分组学习模式,以保证教学质量,旨在推动高职院校专业基础课程教育理念和教学模式的改革。     

基于化学史的教学设计模型与应用

利用学科发展史进行教育由来已久, 但也受到多方面的质疑。针对提出的普遍性问题, 回顾或建立了5种化学史教学模型: 历史探究模型、科学故事模型、概念转变模型、科学论证模型和课程开发模型, 结合具体案例阐述了化学史教学的操作策略, 指出今后发展方向。     

光学传递函数测定计算机仿真实验系统

在５８６微机上的Ｗｉｎ ９５／ＮＴ操作系统环境下实现了光学系统传递函数测定的仿真实验,克服了因缺少光学传递函数测定仪而无法开设实验的困难。本文阐述了光学传递函数测定实验计算机仿真系统的实验原理与步骤,以及软件结构与特点。     

An experiment on program development

As a contribution to programming methodology, the paper contains a detailed, step-by-step account of the considerations leading to a program for solving the 8-queens problem. The experience is related to the method of stepwise refinement and to general problem solving techniques.     

I.I. Rabi: The Two Cultures and the Universal Culture of Science

I set forth and discuss I.I. Rabis views on the nature of science and society, focusing specifically on Rabis views on science and government, science and education, and science and religion. I also explore the influence of Rabi and C.P. Snow on each other. In the 1960s, Rabi set forth his mature and boldest positions, advocating science as the center of education and science as the replacement for religion. His positions culminate in science as the universal culture. I highlight Rabi not only as a scientist and public servant, but also as a public intellectual actively engaged with and connected to major issues of his time.Michael A. Day is Professor of Physics at Lebanon Valley College. He holds doctorates in both physics and philosophy.     

英国兰开夏大学的物理实验教学

简要介绍了英国兰开夏大学的物理实验教学和成绩评定方法,分析了其特色,可以看出该大学较重视学生创造性综合能力的培养.     

将矿物学理论与实验知识引入基础无机化学教学的探讨

矿物学是与无机化学密不可分的兄弟学科之一。无机化学知识的一个重要来源就是人类对矿物的观察与研究,同时元素化学的基础研究也被广泛应用于矿物学。对于矿物的认识可以加深学生对于无机化学理论联系实际的感性和理性认识,并进一步熟悉相关元素的性质。本文从基础无机化学教学的角度整理了矿物学的理论与实验教学要点,并以多种典型矿物为实验对象描述其实验性质,并阐述如何结合矿物实例进行矿物学理论与实验的教学。将矿物学相关内容引入基础无机化学教学,不失为一种交叉学科与基础化学教育相结合的新模式。     

Body‐based activities in secondary geometry: An analysis of learning and viewpoint

Body‐based activities have the potential to support mathematics learning, but we know little about the impact they have in the classroom. This study compares high school geometry students learning through either body‐based or analogous non‐body‐based activities over the course of a two‐week unit on similarity. Pre‐ and post‐tests revealed that while students in both conditions showed gains in content area comprehension over the course of the study, the body‐based condition showed significantly greater gains. Further, there were differences in the language students used to describe the learning activities at the end of the unit that may have contributed to the differences in learning gains. The students in the body‐based condition included more mathematical and nonmathematical details in their recollections. Additionally, students in the body‐based condition were more likely to recall their experiences from a first‐person perspective, while students in the control condition were more likely to use a third‐person perspective.